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iFrattriB ®. ^olbtx 



The riolders of Holderness 

A History and Genealogy of the Holder 

Family with especial reference to 

Christopher Holder 



Head of the American Quaker Branch ; Author of the First 

Declaration of Faith of Friends in England or America ; 

Pioneer Quaker Minister in New England (1656) 




By 
Charles Frederick Holder, LL.D. 

Author of "Life of Louis Agassiz"; "Along the Florida 

Reef"; "Life of Charles Darwin"; " Stories of Animal 

Life " ; "A Strange Company " ; ' 'Angling " , etc. 









0^- 



Q 



^-151 



PREFACE 



The present volume was prepared solely 
for circulation in the family about which it 
was written and as a medium to collect and 
to preserve family traditions and facts; 
hence no apology is necessary for its ''per- 
sonaHty." The writer's father, Dr. J. B. 
Holder, collected family history and data 
for years, thus constituting the small 
nucleus of the book; but this never would 
have been published had it not been for the 
interest in the family shown by Mr. 
Francis T. Holder, of Yonkers and Pasa- 
dena, who assumed the entire expense of 
printing and pubHshing. At his sugges- 
tion the life of our distinguished ancestor, 
Christopher Holder, was prepared, result- 
ing in giving to the world the first con- 
nected and complete biography of this 
original character of great strength and re- 
markable individuaHty. In obtaining this 



iv Preface 

widely scattered information all the old 
Colonial Records available from 1656 down 
were consulted, and all the laws passed by 
Endicott, first Governor of Massachusetts; 
the old and rare Quaker manuscripts in the 
various libraries of the country, involving 
an amount of work that cannot be realized 
except by those who have undertaken in- 
vestigations along similar lines. First or 
early editions of rare Friends' books were 
obtained or consulted, and every attempt 
made to make the life of Christopher 
Holder as perfect as possible, and it is be- 
lieved that the information upon the sub- 
ject has been exhausted. Many interest- 
ing facts were secured through the general 
ofihce of the Friends in London, as copies 
of the marriage certificates of Christopher 
1st and 2d, and the author or compiler is 
indebted to its secretary, Mr. Isaac Sharp, 
for many courtesies, and would here ac- 
knowledge the kindness of the many mem- 
bers of the family who have sent data and 



Preface v 

aided in the work. The book is divided 
into three parts: first, the history of Chris- 
topher Holder, which is virtually the story 
of the rise and development of the Society 
of Friends in America; second, the history 
of the members of the family in America 
so far as data has been obtained; and third, 
the genealogy of various branches of the 
family which have been obtained by volumi- 
nous correspondence. It is beUeved that 
all the main branches of the American 
Holders are given; if any are omitted it is 
because circular letters sent out to Holders 
in all the principal cities of the Union and 
in England have been unanswered. While 
the greatest care has been taken, it is pos- 
sible that errors of dates may have crept 
into so complicated a series. If such are 
noticed the author would be glad to re- 
ceive the corrections and will see that they 
are forwarded to all owners of the book 
and added. 
Pasadena, Cal., 1902. C. F. H. 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 



PAGE 

1. Francis T. Holder Frontispiece. 

2. Holder Coat of Arms .^ " 

3. David Holder 5 

4. Ruth Bassett Holder 9 

5. Arrival of the "Speedwell" in Massachu- 

setts Bay, 1656 23 

6. John Endicott 2y 

7. Sandwich, Mass., Meeting House 67 

8. "Christopher's Hollow" 71 

9. William Penn Holder and Wife 103 

ID. First Church, Salem 105 

11. Grave of Samuel Shattuck 109 

12. John Greenleaf Whittier 129 

13. Friends' Meeting House in England 139 

14. Mrs. Russell Sage 177 

15. Tomb of Nathaniel Sylvester 189 

16. Holder Homestead 203 

17. Residence of F. T. Holder, Yonkers, N. Y. . . 205 

18. Residence of F. T. Holder, Pasadena, Cal.. . 207 

19. Mrs. John Garrison Peene 209 

20. Fox Hall, Country Seat of Mrs. Peene 211 

21. Summer Residence of Mrs. J. G. Peene 213 

22. Friends' Meeting House, Bolton, Mass 215 

23. Home of Phebe Holder 217 

24. Old Red School House 221 

25. Dr. Joseph Bassett Holder 227 

26. Chas. Frederick Holder 231 

27. Daniel Curtis Holder 239 

28. Colonial Desk of Richard Holder 243 

29. Desk of Daniel Holder 245 

30. Rachael Bassett Nichols 247 

31. Facsimile of Page of Daniel Holder's Bible.. 275 

32. Richard Holder's Marriage Certificate. 

33. Contract in writing of Daniel Holder. 



LIST OF CHAPTERS. 



CHAPTER I. 

HOLDERS OF HOLDERNESS. 

CHAPTER n. 

DR. WILLIAM HOLDER. 

CHAPTER HI. 

THE FIRST QUAKER HOLDER. 

CHAPTER IV. 

FIRST ANTI-QUAKER LAWS. 

CHAPTER V. 

SECOND VOYAGE OF CHRISTOPHER HOLDER. 

CHAPTER VI. 

CHRISTOPHER HOLDER IN AMERICA. 

CHAPTER VII. 

THE REIGN OF TERROR. 

CHAPTER VIII. 

RHODE ISLAND COLONY FRIENDLY. 

CHAPTER IX. 

CHRISTOPHER HOLDER IN SALEM. 

CHAPTER X. 

CHRISTOPHER HOLDER'S DECLARATION OF FAITH. 

CHAPTER XI. 

ENDICOTT'S CRUELTIES. 

CHAPTER XII. 

REFUGE IN RHODE ISLAND. 



List of Chapters 
CHAPTER XIII. 

BANISHMENT ON PAIN OF DEATH. 

CHAPTER XIV. 

CHRISTOPHER HOLDER AGAIN BANISHED. 

CHAPTER XV. 

CHRISTOPHER HOLDER AGAIN IN AMERICA. 

CHAPTER XVI. 

NANTUCKET HOLDERS. 

CHAPTER XVII. 

FRANCIS T. HOLDER. 

CHAPTER XVIII. 

SOME BOLTON AND BERLIN HOLDERS. 

CHAPTER XIX. 

LYNN AND BOSTON HOLDERS. 

CHAPTER XX. 

HISTORICAL NOTES. 

CHAPTER XXL 

PICTURE OF A QUAKER HOME IN THE COUNTRY. 

CHAPTER XXII. 

ROYALIST HOLDERS. 

APPENDIX— HOLDER GENEALOGY. 
INDEX. 

INDEX OF NAMES OTHER THAN HOLDER 
IN THE GENEALOGY. 



TO 



3Franna ®. ^x^i\itx 



whose interest in the Society of Friends and the history 

and traditions of the family has made this 

genealogy possible^ this volume 

is inscribed. 



CHAPTER I. 



HOLDERS OF HOLDERNESS. 



The First Holders. — Antiquity of the Name. — Thane in Time 

of Alfred the Great.— Individuality of the People.— The 

Founders of the Seigniory of Holderness. 



THE name of Holder is of great antiqui- 
ty. According to Long, in "Names 
We Bear," it means "s. stronghold," 
"Duroc" being a synonym. The name in 
old English is Holdere, or Haldere; in Old 
Friesian, Holdere; in Dutch, Houder; Mid- 
dle Low German, Holder; Old High Ger- 
man, Haltari; New High German, Halter; 
Danish, Holder; Swedish, Hallare. It is be- 
lieved that the original EngHsh Holders 
were of Danish extraction, descendants of 
one of the early naval chiefs who extended 
his conquests along the coast of Germany, 
Gaul and the British Isles about the year 
500, the time of the invasion of Ida. 



4 The Holders of Holderness 

Mr. R. Y. Stephenson, the distinguished 
English antiquarian, a descendant of Wil- 
liam Holder of Holderness (1774), stated 
to Dr. Joseph B. Holder that this was a 
tradition in the family. Holder was a 
leader, what would be an admiral to-day, 
under Ida, a chief of the Angles and first 
king of Bernicia. Ida's forces landed near 
Flamboro Head, Holderness, England, 
originally, and one of his chiefs, named 
Holder, seized and held by force of arms 
the section of the coast between the North 
Sea and the Humber, in the East Riding 
of Yorkshire. His prowess was honored 
by possession and the naming of this im- 
portant region Holderness after him, a title 
which has clung through all the centuries 
to this important and interesting sec- 
tion of England. Mr. Stephenson states: 
"Holder was a chief who held a large dis- 
trict (Holderness) as chief owner of the fee. 
The chief who succeeded in obtaining and 
keeping possession of the lowlands in the 




David Holder. 
(From a daguerreotype.) 



The Holders of Holderness 5 

southeast of Northumbria would, by Scan- 
dinavians, be deemed the chief lord of that 
district, and as ness is the Norse for nose, 
cape or promontory, such as exists at 
Spurn Point, the district would be known 
as Holder's ness, to distinguish it from 
other nesses on the coast; hence Holder- 
ness, whose history is of graphic interest. 
When JuUus Caesar arrived there 50 B. C. 
he found a race known as the Brigantes, 
and the region was the scene of many wars. 
Then came the Anglo-Saxon and the Nor- 
man eras in which the lands and estates of 
the county repeatedly changed hands, 
being given by victorious generals and 
chiefs to their allies, as in the time of Wil- 
liam the Conqueror, when the entire terri- 
tory of Holderness was given by William 
to Drogo de Bevere or Beurere, a Flemish 
adventurer in the Norman expedition." 

Holderness is one of the best-known 
regions in England, its history and folklore 
fascinating. It is a wapentate, a division. 



6 The Holders of Holderness 

a deanery and a seigniory by itself, with 
three bailiwicks and a coroner of its own. 
From the Conquest until late in the last 
century it gave a title to an earl, and the 
earls of Holderness (D'Arcy) were all 
famous in history. It includes more than 
a third of the entire sea coast of the county 
of York. It and its people have strongly- 
marked characteristics, physical and ethno- 
logical. Its folklore is unique, and its 
dialect has been recorded by the English 
Dialect Society. Many works have been 
written upon the seigniory, the most im- 
portant being the ''History and Antiquities 
of the Seigniory of Holderness," 2 Vols. 
Hull, 1841, by Poulson, Historian of Bev- 
erly, England. This work was begun by 
Rev. William Dade, F.S.A., Rector of 
Barmeston, in 1830-40, who spent a greater 
part of his life in collecting data. In the 
preparation of the manuscript he was 
materially assisted by Miss Margaret 
Holder, of Holderness, a descendant of the 



The Holders of H older ness 7 

Holders of Holderness. There was pub- 
lished in Hull in 1835 a series of views of 
churches, monuments and antiquities of 
Holderness originally intended for Dade's 
work. ''Holderness and the Holderness- 
ians" is another work published in Huh; 
and there are works on Ravenspurn, Swine, 
Hornsea, etc. Holderness includes the 
borough town of Hedon, which preserves 
its mayor and corporation and which from 
the time of Edward I to 1832 returned 
members to ParUament. Holderness also 
held within its borders the great abbey of 
Meaux, eldest daughter of Fountains, 
whose chronicles have been issued in three 
volumes by the master of the rolls of the 
abbey of Swine and the provinces of Nun- 
keeling and Burstall. 'Tt is clear," then 
says an English author, ''that Holderness 
has a separate, legal and historical exist- 
ence, distinct and well defined." 

From this ancient seigniory the Holders 
of England and America sprang, and it 



8 Tlie Holders of H old e mess 

would be interesting to trace the family 
through the many chapters of English his- 
tory where the name of Holder has always 
been an honored one, its men distinguished 
in the arts, sciences and professions, in the 
service of their sovereign and in the com- 
mercial world. Holderness to-day, espe- 
cially about Hull, is still a stronghold of the 
race. One of the family figured as a Thane 
at the court of Alfred the Great, King of 
the West Saxons in 871, a Thane being a 
nobleman who recognized the king alone 
as his superior. In the reign of Edward 
the Confessor a member of the family held 
the manor of Ganstead with four carucates 
of arable land. ''He held jointly the manor 
of Bilton, one carucate of arable." In 1588 
the Rev. George Holder, of Roos Holder- 
ness, under the patronage of the queen, was 
rector of All Saints' Church. He held it 
until his death, in 1609, and Hes buried in 
the old churchyard. His wife, Elizabeth, 
survived him. 




Ruth Bassett Holder. 
(From a daguerreotype.) 



The Holders of Holderness 9 

The arms of the Holders of South 
Wheatley, Nottinghamshire, in Holder- 
ness, are given herein and show a black 
shield bearing three anchors; the crest, a 
lion upon a five-leaved ducal coronet. 
(S a. a chev, below three anchors ar. Crest, 
on a ducal coronet, a lion sejant.) 

In an old work on heraldry, the author 
found the crest of the earls of Holder- 
ness: a gold crescent between the horns of 
which is a red cross, pattee. The early his- 
tory of the region is swept away. The wild 
races of a thousand years ago held it long 
against the invaders, but the Danes and 
Norsemen waged continual warfare upon 
the inhabitants of early Britain, and the 
lands of Holderness repeatedly changed 
hands in the passing centuries as the Nor- 
mans, Anglo-Saxons and others in turn 
captured and overran the country. The 
history of England exemplifies the theory 
of one of its greatest natural philosophers. 



lo The Holders of Holderness 

It has been a ''survival of the fittest," the 
EngHsh-speaking- race of to-day being the 
leaders of the world. 



CHAPTER 11. 



DR. WILLIAM HOLDER. 



Author, Student, Composer and Canon of Westminster.— Bril- 
liant Career. — Marriage to Miss Wren. — 
His Life Work. 



Among the Holders of the Holderness 
line who lived in comparatively recent 
times was Rev. William Holder, D.D., who 
was born in the year that Shakespeare died, 
1616, in Nottinghamshire. He was one of 
the eminent men of his day, possessed of 
many and varied attainments. As an au- 
thor he was well known for his vigor, style 
and learning, while his artistic tempera- 
ment found expression in his love of art 
and the musical compositions for which he 
was justly famous, many being found in the 
manuscripts of the Harleian collection. 
Dr. Holder matriculated at Cambridge as 
a scholar of Pembroke Hall in 1633. In 
1640 he received the degree of B.A. from 
Cambridge and was elected a fellow of his 



12 The Holders of Holderness 

college. His first charge was the rectory 
of Beltchmgton, Oxfordshire, which he ob- 
tained in 1642, and in the following year 
he was incorporated Master of Arts at Ox- 
ford (Wood, Fasti. Oxon. Ed. Bliss II 59)- 
From the first he attracted widespread at- 
tention by his great erudition, and early in 
life he was a central figure among the hter- 
ary and artistic lights of the period. Be- 
ing a man of large wealth and of a distin- 
guished and aristocratic family, he was en- 
abled to dispensate a charming hospitality. 
In 1652, June 25, Dr. Holder was corol- 
lated by Bishop Wren to the third Pre- 
bendal Stall in Ely Cathedral. As an illus- 
tration of the various directions in which 
his interest was directed, he was the first 
to found a society for the education of deaf 
mutes and to teach deaf mutes to talk, pub- 
lishing a book on the subject. After the 
restoration he received the degree of D.D. 
from Oxford (January, 1662), and on the 
27th of June this year he was presented by 



The Holders of Holderness 13 

Wren to the rectory of Northwold, in Nor- 
folk, and also to that of Tidd, St. Giles, in 
the Isle of Ely. On May 20, 1663, he was 
elected R.R.S. He was a contributor to 
the Philosophical Transactions (see May, 
1668). In 1669 he published a work en- 
titled ''Elements of Speech, an Essay of 
Inquiry into the Natural Production of 
Letters," with an appendix. Burney's 
"History of Music" commends this work 
to the perusal of lyric poets and composers 
of vocal music as pointing out harsh com- 
binations of letters and syllables. In the 
sciences he was conspicuous, having writ- 
ten a book on astronomy. He was also 
eminent in music. An evening service in 
C and two anthems by him are in the Tud- 
way collection (Harleian MSS. 7338 and 
7339). He was installed Prebendary of 
Isledon in St. Paul's Cathedral on Novem- 
ber 16, 1672, and was also one of the 
canons residentiary of that church (New- 
court Repertorium, 1168). On the 2d of 



14 The Holders of Holderness 

September, 1674, he was sworn sub-deacon 
of the Chapel Royal, Whitehall, and was 
chosen sub-almoner to the king, Charles 
II, with whom he bore the relations of a 
friend and adviser. For the gentlemen of 
the Chapel Royal he wrote an able work, 
entitled "A Treatise on the Natural 
Grounds and Principles of Harmony." In 
May, 1687, he was preferred by the dean 
and chapter of St. Paul's to the rectory of 
Therfield, Hertfordshire, and during his 
incumbency he gave the treble and saints 
bell and built the gallery in the belfry. Dr. 
Holder's last work was a paper entitled 
"A Discourse Concerning Time with Ap- 
plication of the Natural Day and Lunar 
Month and Solar Year," etc. This ap- 
peared in 1694, and later editions in 1701. 
Dr. Holder died the 24th of January, 1697, 
in his eighty-second year, at Hertford, and 
was buried by his wife in the undercroft of 
St. Paul's, where there is a monument to 
his memory. He married, in 1643, Susan- 



The Holders of Holderness 15 

nah, only daughter of Christopher Wren, 
dean of Windsor and Wolverhamton, and 
sister of Sir Christopher Wren, the cele- 
brated English architect. The education 
of Sir Christopher was supervised by his 
eminent brother-in-law, Dr. Holder, who 
undoubtedly had no little influence upon 
his future. Wren graduating from Oxford 
with high honors, becoming one of the best 
known men of his day, whose works formed 
stepping-stones in the material develop- 
ment of England. Dr. Holder officiated 
at the marriage of his brother-in-law. Sir 
Christopher Wren, to Lady Jane Fitz-Wil- 
Hams, in the Royal Chapel, in 1679. 

Susannah Wren Holder was born at 
East Knoyle, Wiltshire, England, and was 
buried in Westminster Abbey. She was a 
true philanthropist, and was greatly be- 
loved. On the tombstone is the following 
appreciative inscription: 

'In memory of Susannah Holder, late 
wife of William Holder, D.D., residentiary 



1 6 The Holders of Holderness 

of Westminster Abbey, daughter of Dr. 
Christopher Wren, late dean of Windsor, 
and sister of Sir Christopher Wren, Kt. 
Among others, her excellent endowments, 
her prudence, virtue and piety, her charity 
was no small blessing to the neighborhood 
wherever she resided. Having, in compas- 
sion for the poor, applied herself to the 
knowledge of medicinal remedies wherein 
God gave so great blessing that hundreds 
were happily healed by her, including King 
Charles I, Queen Catherine and many of 
the Court, after forty-five years happily and 
honorably passed in conjugal state and 
care, at the age of sixty-one she piously 
rendered her soul to God the last day of 
June, 1688." 



CHAPTER III. 



THE FIRST QUAKER HOLDER. 



Origin of Quakers.— George Fox.— His Friend Christopher 

Holder an English Minister of Wealth.— Sails for 

America in 1656 on the "Speedwell."— The 

Letter "Q." 



Among the kinsmen of Dr. William 
Holder, one became even more famous 
than the distinguished churchman. This 
was Christopher Holder, believed by some 
to have been a younger brother, who was 
named Christopher after his distinguished 
relative, the dean of Windsor, Dr. Christo- 
pher Wren. 

Note. — The term Quaker was first applied to 
Friends in derision by Justice Gervas Bennet, who, 
hearing George Fox bid the people figuratively to 
tremble at the word of God, called them Quakers. 
The Friends even to this day rarely, if ever, use the 
term, but it has become so identified with the peo- 
ple that its employment is essential to the layman; 
hence its use in these pages. 



1 8 The Holders of Holderness 

Christopher Holder was born in 1631, in 
Winterbotirne, Alverton County, Glouces- 
tershire, England. Like Willian Penn, he 
was among the young men of good family 
and wealth who early espoused the cause 
of the Friends or Quakers. Like Penn, he 
was a man of refinement and culture, high- 
ly educated, and of independent fortune 
and of the established church; but, hearing- 
George Fox, he became convinced that the 
latter's views were correct, and from then 
on, doubtless in defiance of the wishes of 
his family, and certainly in the face of de- 
rision, and even abuse, he devoted his 
money and time to the cause of the 
Friends. Upon attaining manhood, his 
eloquence, piety and strong personality 
made him a conspicuous figure. He es- 
poused the cause of Friends or Quakers 
with remarkable vigor and earnestness, be- 
came a minister, and for thirty-three years 
preached in England, x\merica and the 
West Indies. He was one of the first 



The Holders of Holderness 19 

Friends to visit America, reaching- Rhode 
Island in 1656, and is the ancestor of the 
Quaker Holders and many of the Slocums 
in America. 

The history of the Quaker Holders in 
America from this time on is essentially 
that of the growth and development of the 
Quaker doctrine as promulgated by George 
Fox, and centers in the life work of Chris- 
topher Holder, who, by his strong person- 
ality, indomitable faith, and by the expen- 
diture of his private means, became an im- 
portant factor in the growth of the Society. 
He was maligned, persecuted and impris- 
oned to an extent almost unparalleled in 
the annals of religious intolerance. 

The name of Christopher Holder appears 
in many of the contemporary works of his 
day. He. was an eloquent speaker, and 
during his thirty-three years of labors as 
a minister of the Gospel, in many lands, 
he was the means of inducing many to 
adopt the doctrines of George Fox, with 



20 The Holders of H older ness 

whom he traveled in the Barbadoes and 
New England. That he was an earnest 
and vigorous writer is known by several 
pamphlets and at least one book, which is 
listed in Joseph Smith's catalogue of 
Friends' books, entitled 'The Faith and 
Testimony of the Martyrs and Suffering 
Servants of Jesus Christ persecuted in New 
England, vindicated against the Lyes and 
Slanders on them by Nathaniel Norton in 
his book entitled 'New England Memorial.* 
Written for the sake of the honest-hearted 
by a servant of the living God, who is a wit- 
ness of the Resurrection of Christ Jesus 
and of his appearance the second time with- 
out sin and salvation. Christopher Holder 
with addenda by John Rous." 

This work was a reply to Norton's at- 
tack and libels upon the Quakers or 
Friends. This, and his ''Declaration of 
Faith," the first issued by Friends in Eng- 
land or America, were firebrands thrown 
into the Puritan camp, whose results were 



The Holders of Holderiiess 21 

far-reaching and precipitated an American 
reign of terror. 

Of Christopher Holder's ministry in 
England but little is known. In the "Life 
of John Copeland of Holderness" the fol- 
lowing is found: ''Like his beloved friend, 
Christopher Holder, at that time he was 
young and unmarried." The first notice 
of him found in the public records, taken 
from the MSS. of "Sufferings," Vol. I, is 
as follows: 

"Christopher Holder in ye year 1655 was 
sent to ye gayle at Ilchester for speaking 
to ye priest at Kleinsham Steeplehouse and 
from thence after a while upon bayle 
brought to ye next sessions and so dis- 
charged." 

It was the custom in England at this 
time for any one to speak in churches after 
the priest had completed his sermon, and 
the Friends took advantage of this to carry 
their proselyting into the "steeple houses." 
The Friends were early looked upon as 



22 The Holders of Holderness 

fanatics and heretics in England, and laws 
enacted against them. For this expres- 
sion of his views the young Friend was 
imprisoned, the beginning of a long series 
of unfortunate experiences. That he trav- 
eled extensively over England at this time 
there is reason to believe, and his reputa- 
tion as a scholar and preacher was well 
known. 

In 1656 several women friends went to 
the Barbadoes, and in this year Christopher 
Holder, who was now described by Bowden 
as a 'Veil-educated man of good estate," 
felt a call by the great head of the church 
to visit America, and, with eight other 
Friends, he sailed on the "Speedwell," of. 
London, Robert Locke, master, arriving 
in Boston the 27th of July, 1656. The 
writer found the old shipping list in the 
Massachusetts colonial records, which is 
given entire. It will be noticed that the 
name of each Friend or Quaker is marked 
with a O (Quaker), the master evidently 




Arrival of the " Speedwell," Massachusetts Bay, 1656. 



The Holders of H older ness 23 

expecting trouble through his devout pas- 
sengers. 

A Liste of the Passengers aboard the Speedwell 
of London. Robert Locke, master. Bound for 
New England. Richard Stratton, Agent. 

Names. Residence. Ages. 

Christopher Holder, "Q.".Winterbourne, 9 

miles from Bristol. 25 

William Brend, "Q." London 40 

John Copeland, "Q." Holderness 28 

Thomas Thurston, "Q.". . . London 34 

Mary Prince, "Q." Bristol 21 

*Sarah Gibbons, "Q." Bristol 21 

Mary Weatherhead, "Q.". Bristol 26 

Dorothy Waugh, "Q." London 20 

John Mulford 43 

Richard Smith 4 

Francis Brusley 22 

Thomas Noyce 32 

Martha Edwards 

Joseph Bowles 47 

Lester Smith 24 

C. Clarke 38 

Edward Lane z^ 

Theo. Richardson 19 

*She was drowned in Providence while landing, 
and was buried in Richard Scott's (father-in-law of 
Christopher Holder) orchard. 

3 



24 The Holders of Holderness 

Names. Ages. 

John Earle i/ 

Thomas Barnes 20 

Shudrack Hopgood 14 

Thomas Goodynough 20 

Nathaniel Goodynough 16 

John Fay 8 

WilHam Taylor 11 

Richard Smith 28 

Muhulett Munnings 24 

Margaret Mott 12 

Henry Reeve 8 

Henry Seker 8 

Note. — In Caton's Collection of Manuscripts is found 
a reference to the addresses of these (8) Friends, 
claimed at this time. It is a letter from John Aud- 
land, of Bristol, 1655, to Margaret Fell, by which 
it is seen that half were from London and half from 
Bristol: "Many are raised up i.nd moved from sev- 
eral parts; there are four from hereaway moved to 
go to New England, two men and two women; 
some are gone for France, and some for Holland." 
This circumstance is also referred to in a letter of 
Francis Howgills, written a few months later: 
"Four from London and four from Bristol are gone 
toward New England; pretty hearts: the blessing 
of the Lord is with them, and his dread goes be- 
fore them." (One of the four referred to as from 
Bristol was Christopher Holder.) 



The Holders of Holderness 25 

Names. Ages. 

John Morse 40 

Nicholas Danison 45 

John Baldwin 21 

Rebecca Worster 18 

Mary Baldwin 20 

John Wigins 15 

John Miller 24 

Thomas Howe 4 

John Crane 11 

Charles Baalam 18 

The persons above named past from hence in 
the ship above mentioned and are according to 
order registered here. Dated, Searcher's Office, 
Gravesend, 30th May, 1656. 

Edward Felling, 
John Philpott, 

Searchers. 

The ''Speedwell" arrived on the 27th of 
June, and the passengers who had the let- 
ter ''Q" written after their names, and who 
avowed themselves as Friends or Quakers, 
were at once arrested. Christopher Holder 
learned that two days previous two 
Friends, Mary Fisher and Anne Austin,* 

*These two Friends were arrested and not al- 
lowed to land ur.til their books had been burned on 



26 The Holders of Holderness 

had been banished, and that their heretical 
doctrines had caused the greatest alarm 
among the Puritans, many of whom were 
bigoted and ignorant, as later experiences 
with witchcraft demonstrated. 

So great was the alarm caused by the 
arrival of eight cultivated and educated 
people, who merely claimed the right to 
religious freedom and expression, that, ac- 
cording to Neal, the historian, the Puritan 
magistrates of Boston took the alarm "as 
if the town was threatened with some im- 
minent danger." A special council was 
convened, and the first of the New Eng- 
land anti-Quaker laws issued, and what was 
a veritable reign of terror for the peaceful 
followers of George Fox begun. The mas- 
ter of the ''Speedwell" furnished the deputy 
governor, Bellingham, with the shipping 

Boston Common. They were then taken to jail 
and kept there until they could be shipped to Eng- 
land; so they held no meetings, spending all their 
time in jail. 




John Endicott, Governor of Massachusetts Colony, 1656. 



The Holders of H old e mess 2y 

list, indicating the Quakers with the letter 
''O" after their names, as shown, and he 
at once sent officers with warrants aboard 
the little craft to arrest the English 
Quakers who threatened the public peace. 
Their orders were to "Search the boxes, 
chests and trunks of the Quakers for er- 
roneous books and hellish pamphlets," and 
also to bring the prisoners before the court. 
The eight men and women, filled with the 
spirit of eternal truth and the faith that 
makes martyrs possible, were, amid the 
jibes of the rabble, marched to the city 
prison, and on the following day taken be- 
fore the court and subjected to an exami- 
nation by Governor Endicott, who, to be 
charitable, appears to have been merely the 
incarnation of bigotry, superstition and ig- 
norance, rather than naturally vicious, 
though the critics of the time imputed to 
him all the evils mankind is heir to. 

The examination of the Friends by Bel- 
lingham was long and, according to Sewell, 



28 The Holders of Holderness 

frivolous. They were examined as to their 
religious beliefs entirely. A priest was 
called in to conduct the ecclesiastical ex- 
amination, after he had seen that their 
books and pamphlets were publicly burned, 
and it was soon apparent to the magis- 
trates that he was unable to maintain his 
position with the Friends, and the exami- 
nation ended, to the ''no small alarm and 
consternation of the priest." The Friends 
were remanded to jail and summoned the 
following day before Endicott, who re- 
peated many of the questions. But the 
Friends refused to answer, referring him 
to the written answers of the day before. 
Christopher Holder asked why they had 
been deprived of their liberty, and de- 
manded their release, to which Endicott 
replied, "Take heed ye break not our ec- 
clesiastical laws, for then ye are sure to 
stretch by a halter." 

The Friends were not intimidated, and 
John Copeland and Christopher Holder de- 



The Holders of Holderness 29 

manded that the Governor should produce 
the laws by which they were detained; but, 
as there were no laws, they could not be 
produced, and the public, a portion of 
which did not agree with Endicott, began 
to insist that the Quakers were being un- 
justly treated. Endicott was obdurate, 
being encouraged in his position by a 
clergyman named Norton, a fanatic and 
bigot, who was determined that the 
Quakers should be exterminated; hence, 
to silence criticism and enable them to per- 
secute the Quakers lawfully, Endicott se- 
cured the passage of the first anti-Quaker 
laws. The result of the examination was 
that the "Quaker heretics" were banished 
and committed to prison pending their de- 
parture. Locke, the master of the ''Speed- 
well," was now summoned and ordered to 
give bonds in the sum of $2500 as surety 
that he would return Christopher Holder 
and his companions to London. But the 



30 The Holders of Holderness 

captain, knowing that he had violated no 
law, refused to comply with so arbitrary 
a ruling, and was promptly imprisoned, 
four days sufficing to change his mind. 
The Quakers were kept in close confine- 
ment, the following orders being issued to 
the keeper of the jail: 

"You are by virtue hereof ordered to 
keep the Quakers formerly committed to 
your custody as dangerous persons indus- 
trious to improve all their abilities to se- 
duce the people of this jurisdiction both 
by words and letters, to the abominable 
tenets of the Quakers and to keep them 
close prisoners, not suffering them to speak 
or confer w^ith any person, nor permitting 
them to have paper or ink. 

"Edward Rawson, 

"Aug. 1 8, 1656. ''Secretary. 

"Boston." 

Knowing that his action was in defiance 
of the laws of England and of the colony. 



The Holders of Holderness 31 

Endicott hastened the enactment of laws 
to enable them legally to carry out 
their intolerant plans against Christopher 
Holder and his companions. 



CHAPTER IV. 



FIRST ANTI-QUAKER LAWS. 



Endicott Appeals to the Colonies.— Fanatical Puritan Ministers 
in 1657. — Christopher Holder and His Friends Banished. 



On the 26. of July, 1656, a few weeks 
after the arrival of the "Speedwell," Gov- 
ernor Endicott and the magistrates of the 
Boston patent assembled and prepared a 
letter, addressed to "The Commissioners 
of the United Provinces," who were about 
to meet at Plymouth, in which they recom- 
mend "that some general rules may be 
commended to each general court to pre- 
vent the coming in amongst us from for- 
eigne places such notorious heretiques as 
Quakers, Ranters," etc. The subject hav- 
ing thus been brought before the Commis- 
sioners, the sanction of that body was ob- 
tained for framing a law to justify the 
course which rulers at Boston had pursued, 



34 The Holders of Holderness 

and, to legalize further intolerance, they 
agreed to propose to the several general 
courts "that all Quakers, Ranters and other 
notorious heretiques be prohibited coming 
into the United Colonies, and if any shall 
hereafter come or arise against us, that 
they be forthwith secured or removed out 
of all jurisdiction." 

As a result of this, the law for the banish- 
ment of Friends from the Colonies was 
passed, being the first act specially passed 
against the Society of Friends. The law 
was as follows: 

"At a General Court held at Boston the 
14th of October, 1656. 

"Whereas, there is a cursed sect of here- 
tics lately risen up in the world, which are 
commonly called Quakers, who take upon 
them to be immediately sent of God, and 
infallibly assisted by the Spirit, to speak 
and write blasphemous opinions, despising 
government and the order of God in the 



The Holders of Holderness 35 

church and commonwealth, speaking evil 
of dignities, reproaching and reviling mag- 
istrates and ministers, seeking to turn the 
people from the faith, and gain proselytes 
to their pernicious ways. This court, tak- 
ing into consideration the premises, and to 
prevent the like mischief, as by their means 
is wrought in our land, doth hereby order, 
and by authority of this court, be it or- 
dered and enacted, that what master, or 
commander of any ship, bark, pink, or 
ketch, shall henceforth bring into any har- 
bor, creek or cove, within this jurisdiction, 
any Quaker or Quakers, or other blas- 
phemous heretics, shall pay or cause to be 
paid, the fine of one hundred pounds to the 
treasurer of the country, except it appear 
he want true knowledge or information of 
their being such, and in that case he hath 
liberty to clear himself by his oath, when 
sufficient proof to the contrary is wanting: 
and for default of good payment, or good 



36 The Holders of H older ness 

security for it, shall be cast into prison, and 
there to continue till the said sum be sat- 
isfied to the Treasurer as aforesaid. And 
the commander of any ketch, ship or ves- 
sel, being legally convicted, shall give in 
sufficient security to the governor, or any 
one or more of the magistrates, who have 
pov^er to determine the same, to carry 
them back to the place whence he brought 
them, and on his refusal so to do, the gov- 
ernor, or one or more of the magistrates, 
are hereby empowered to issue out his or 
their warrants, to commit such master or 
commander to prison, there to continue 
till he give in sufficient security to the con- 
tent of the governor, or any of the magis- 
trates aforesaid. And it is hereby further 
ordered and enacted. That what Quaker 
soever shall arrive in this country from 
foreign parts, or shall come into this juris- 
diction from any parts adjacent, shall be 
forthwith commited to the house of cor- 



The Holders of Holderness 37 

rection, and, at their entrance, to be se- 
verely whipped, and by the master thereof 
to be kept constantly to work, and none 
suffered to converse or speak with them 
during the time of their imprisonment, 
which shall be no longer than necessity 
requires. And it is ordered, If any person 
shall knowingly import into any harbour 
of this jurisdiction any Quaker books, or 
writings concerning their deviUsh opinions, 
shall pay for such book or writings, being 
legally proved against him or them, the 
sum of five pounds; and whosoever shall 
disperse or conceal any such book or writ- 
ing, and it be found with him or her, or 
in his or her house, and shall not immedi- 
ately deliver the same to the next magis- 
trate, shall forfeit or pay five pounds for 
the dispersing or concealing of every such 
book or writing. And it is hereby further 
enacted, That if any person within this 
colony shall take upon them to defend the 



38 The Holders of Holderness 

heretical opinions of the Quakers, or any 
of their books or papers as aforesaid, if 
legally proved, shall be fined for the first 
time forty shillings; if they shall persist in 
the same, and shall again defend it the sec- 
ond time, four pounds; if, notwithstanding, 
they shall again defend and maintain the 
said Quakers' heretical opinions, they shall 
be committed to the house of correction 
till there be convenient passage to send 
them out of the land, being sentenced by 
the court of assistants to banishment. 
Lastly, it is hereby ordered, That what per- 
son or persons soever shall revile the per- 
sons of magistrates or ministers, as is 
usual with the Quakers, such person or 
persons shall be severely whipped, or pay 
the sum of five pounds. 

'*This is a true copy of the court's order, 
as attests 

"Edward Rawson, Secretary.'" 

This remarkable document, a telling tes- 
timony to the superstition and ignorance 



The Holders of H older ness 39 

which characterized some of the clergy- 
men, and especially the officials, of the 
Puritans, was paraded through the narrow 
streets of Boston and read at the street 
corners, preceded by roll of drum, arous- 
ing, according to Bowden, great excite- 
ment. When the procession passed the 
door of one Nicholas Upshal, he came out 
and loudly protested, denouncing it as an 
outrage against innocent men and women, 
courageously calling upon the citizens of 
Boston to witness that he pubHcly dis- 
claimed any participation in the act. The 
following day he was arrested and ban- 
ished, Endicott warning the inhabitants of 
Rhode Island, Sandwich and other locali- 
ties not to receive him. But finally, driven 
from one place to another, he found shelter 
with a Newport Indian chief, who offered 
him a home in his tribe, the incident caus- 
ing the sarcastic and witty native to re- 
mark, ''What a God have the EngHsh, who 
deal so with one another about their God." 



40 The Holders of H older iiess 

For eleven weeks Christopher Holder 
and his seven friends were kept in a foul 
prison; their boxes and bedding were taken 
from them to defray alleged gaolers' fees, 
and then, without proper clothing, they 
were thrust aboard the ''Speedwell," a ves- 
sel little more than a smack in size. On 
the 3d of August, 1656, they sailed, in due 
course of time arriving in London. Chris- 
topher Holder and his companions were 
now again among the scenes of their origi- 
nal labors, and for a short time ministered 
in England. But Holder and five of fiis 
companions laid plans during their en- 
forced voyage across the Atlantic to re- 
turn. The master of the ''Speedwell" re- 
fused to take them, and, as the laws relat- 
ing to the question had become known in 
England, no sea captain could be found 
who would receive a Friend as a passenger 
to America. In this dilemma, Christopher 
Holder heard of one Robert Fowler, of 
Holderness, who, in 1652, had joined the 



The Holders of H older ness 41 

monthly meeting of Holderness, and who 
was building a ship. Whether it was the 
suggestion of his friends is not known, but 
the fact remains that while building the 
vessel Robert Fowler became impressed 
with the belief that it would be required 
for some important service, and, finally, 
when Christopher Holder and his friends 
proposed to him, through Gerard Rodgers, 
to take them to America on ''the Lord's 
service," he readily assented, believing that 
he had been divinely commissioned for the 
purpose. The ship was equipped, chris- 
tened the ''Woodhouse," and, ''being fully 
persuaded that the Lord had called them 
to bear testimony to His truth in these 
parts, and having a full assurance that He 
would support them through vv^hat soever 
exercises He should be pleased to suffer 
them to be tried with," the following em- 
barked: Christopher Holder, William 
Brend, John Copeland, Sarah Gibbons, 
Mary Weatherhead and Dorothy Waugh. 



42 The Holders of H older ness 

Besides these, a similar impression of relig- 
ious duty was felt by five others, who also 
sailed in the "Woodhouse," namely, Rob- 
ert Hodgson, Humphrey Norton, Richard 
Doudney, William Robinson and Mary 
Clark. 



CHAPTER V. 



SECOND VOYAGE OF CHRISTOPHER HOLDER. 



Voyage of the "Woodhouse."— Remarkable Navigation.— Sailing 

by Impressions Received at Daily Meetings.— Arrival in 

Long Island Sound. — Christopher Holder Again 

in New England. 



The ''Woodhouse" sailed on the ist of 
April, 1657. She was entirely inadequate 
for the purpose, being small for a coaster; 
but, as William Dewsbury, who visited the 
vessel as she lay on the dunes, wrote to 
Margaret Fell, "When I came ofif, they did 
go on in the name and power of the Lord." 
The vessel put in at Portsmouth to escape 
a storm, and again at Southampton on the 
6th, from which William Robinson, who 
was later hung on Boston Common by En- 
dicott, wrote a letter to Margaret Fell, in 
which Christopher Holder is referred to, 
and finally, on the nth of April, she 
cleared, with crew of three men and three 



44 The Holders of Holderness 

boys, reaching New Amsterdam the ist of 
June, 1657, the trip across the ocean re- 
quiring- seven weeks. The log or history 
of this eventful voyage was written by Cap- 
tain Robert Fowler, and the original manu- 
script, endorsed by George Fox, is still in 
the possession of the Society of Friends 
in London. The title is as follows: "A 
true relation of the voyage undertaken by 
me, Robert Fowler, with my small vessel 
the 'Woodhouse,' but performed by the 
Lord like as he did Noah's ark wherein he 
shut up a few righteous persons and landed 
them safe even at the hill Ararat. 

"Upon the first day of the Fourth 
Month, called June, received I the Lord's 
servants aboard, who came with a mighty 
hand and an outstretched arm with them; 
so that with courage we set sail, and came 
to the Downs the 2d day, where our dearly 
beloved William Dewsbury, with Mich. 
Thompson came aboard, and in them we 
were much refreshed; and, after recom- 



The Holders of Holderness 45 

mending us to the grace of God, we 
launched forth. 

''Again reason entered upon me, and 
thoughts rose in me to have gone to the 
Admiral, and have made complaint for the 
want of my servants, and for a convoy, 
from which thing I was withholden by that 
Hand which was my helper. Shortly after 
the south wind blew a little hard, so that it 
caused us to put in at Portsmouth, where 
I was furnished with choice of men, accord- 
ing to one of the captain's words to me, 
that I might have enough for money; but 
he said my vessel was so small, he would 
not go the voyage in her. 

''Certain days we lay there, wherein the 
ministers of Christ were not idle, but went 
forth and gathered sticks, and kindled a 
fire, and left it burning; also several Friends 
came on board and visited us, in which we 
were refreshed. Again we launched forth 
from thence about the nth day of the 
Fourth Month, and were put back again 



46 The Holders of Holderness 

into South Yarmouth, where we went 
ashore, and there in some measure did the 
Hke. Also we met with three pretty large 
ships which were for the Newfoundland, 
who did accompany us about fifty leagues, 
but might have done 300, if they had not 
feared the men-of-war; but for escaping 
them they took to the northward, and left 
us without hope of help as to the outward; 
though before our parting it was showed 
to Humphrey Norton early in the morn- 
ing, that they were nigh unto us that 
sought our lives, and he called unto me and 
told me; but said, Thus saith the Lord, 
ye shall be carried away as in a mist;' and 
presently w^e espied a great ship making 
up towards us, and the three great ships 
were much afraid, and tacked about with 
what speed they could; in the very interim 
the Lord God fulfilled his promise, and 
struck our enemies in the face with a con- 
trary wind, wonderfully to our refreshment. 
Then upon our parting with these three 



The Holders of Holderness 47 

ships we were brought to ask counsel of 
the Lord, and the word was from Him, 
'Cut through and steer your straightest 
course, and mind nothing but me;' unto 
which thing He much provoked us, and 
manifested himself largely unto us, and 
caused us to meet together every day, and 
He himself met with us, and manifested 
himself largely unto us, so that by storms 
we were not prevented (from meeting) 
above three times in all our voyage. The 
sea was my figure, for if anything got up 
within, the sea without rose up against me, 
and then the floods clapped their hands, of 
which in time I took notice, and told Hum- 
phrey Norton. Again, in a vision of the 
night, I saw some anchors swimming about 
the water, and something of a ship which 
crossed our way, which in meeting I saw 
fulfilled, for I myself, with others, had lost 
ours, so that for a little season the vessel 
run loose in a manner: which afterwards, 



48 The Holders of Holderness 

by the wisdom of God, was recovered into 
a better condition than before. 

"Also upon the 25th day of the month, 
in the morning, we saw another great ship 
making up towards us, which did appear, 
far off, to be a frigate, and make her sign 
for us to come to them, which unto me was 
a great cross, we being to windward of 
them; and it was said, 'Go speak him, the 
cross is sure; did I ever fail thee therein?' 
And unto others there appeared no danger 
in it, so that we did; and it proved a trades- 
man of London, by whom we writ back. 
Also it is very remarkable, when we had 
been five weeks at sea in a bark, wherein 
the power of darkness appeared in the 
greatest strength against us, having sailed 
but 300 leagues, Humphrey Norton, falling 
into communion with God, told me that he 
had received a comfortable answer; and also 
that about such a day we should land in 
America, which was even so fulfilled. Also 
it was all the voyage with the faithful, who 



The Holders of Holderness 49 

were carried far above storms and tem- 
pests, that when the ship went either to 
the right hand or to the left, their hands 
joined all as one, and did direct her way; 
so that we have seen and said, we see the 
Lord leading our vessel even as it were a 
man leading a horse by the head; we re- 
garding neither latitude nor longitude, but 
kept to our Line, which was and is our 
Leader, Guide, and Rule, but they that did 
not failed. 

"Upon the last day of the Fifth Month, 
1657, we made land. It was part of Long 
Island, far contrary to the expectations of 
the pilot; furthermore, our drawing had 
been all the passage to keep to the south- 
wards, until the evening before we made 
land, and then the word was. There is a 
Hon in the way;' unto which we gave obedi- 
ence and said, 'Let them steer northwards 
until the day following;' and soon after the 
midde of the day there was a drawing to 
meet together before our usual time, and 



50 The Holders of Holderness 

it was said, that we may look abroad in 
evening; and as we sat waiting upon the 
Lord they discovered the land, and our 
mouths were opened in prayer and thanks- 
giving; and as our way was made, we made 
towards it, and espying a creek, our advice 
was to enter there, but the will of man (in 
the pilot) resisted; but in that state we had 
learned to be content, and told him both 
sides were safe, but that going that way 
would be more trouble to him; also he saw 
after he had laid by all the night, the thing 
fulfilled. 

''Now to lay before you, in short, the 
largeness of the wisdom, will, and power of 
God! thus, this creek led us between the 
Dutch Plantation and Long Island, where 
the movings of some Friends were unto, 
which otherwise would have been very dif- 
ficult for them to have gotten to; also the 
Lord that moved them brought to the 
place appointed, and led us into our way, 
according to the word which came unto 



The Holders of Holderness 51 

Christopher Holder, 'You are in the road 
to Long Island.' In that creek came a 
shallop to meet us, taking us to be 
strangers, we making our way with our 
boat, and they spoke English, and in- 
formed us, and also guided us along. The 
power of the Lord fell much upon us, and 
an irresistible word came unto us, That the 
seed in America shall be as the sand of the 
sea; it was pubHshed in the ears of the 
brethren, which caused tears to break forth 
with fulness of joy; so that presently for 
these places some prepared themselves, 
who were Robert Hodgson, Richard 
Doudney, Sarah Gibbons, Mary Weather- 
head, and Dorothy Waugh, who the next 
day were put safely ashore into the Dutch 
Plantation, called New Amsterdam. We 
came, and it being the First-day of the 
week several came aboard to us, and we be- 
gan our work. I was caused to go to the 
Governor, and Robert Hodgson with me — 
he was moderate both in words and actions. 



52 The Holders of Holderness 

"Robert and I had several days before 
seen in a vision the vessel in great danger; 
the day following this, it was fulfilled, there 
being a passage betwixt two lands, which 
is called by the name of Hell-gate; we lay 
very conveniently for a pilot, and into that 
place we came, and into it were forced, and 
over it were carried, which I never heard of 
any before that were; (there were) rocks 
many on both sides, so that I believe one 
yard's length would have endangered loss 
of both vessel and goods. Also there was 
a shoal of fish which pursued our vessel, 
and followed her strangely, and along close 
by our rudder; and in our meeting it was 
shown me, these fish are to be to thee a 
figure. Thus doth the prayers of the 
churches proceed to the Lord for thee and 
the rest. Surely in our meeting did the 
thing run through me as oil, and bid me 
much rejoice. "Robert Fowler. 

"Endorsed by George Fox, 

''R. Fozder's Voyage, 1657." 



The Holders of Holderness 53 

In referring to this voyage and the in- 
domitable spirit of these missionaries, Beck, 
an English historian of the Quakers, writes 
of Christopher Holder and his friends, 
"Truly, as will be seen, there was the germ 
of the American Friends' Society enshrined 
in that little craft." Probably no more 
remarkable voyage was ever undertaken. 
The captain had never made an ocean trip 
before, knew nothing of navigation, con- 
fessing in his log that latitude and longi- 
tude were disregarded. The ship was 
sailed by the "word" which came to the 
ministers in their daily silent meetings, 
and, as they lost but three days by foul 
weather, they kept the course, with a few 
exceptions. 



CHAPTER VI. 



CHRISTOPHER HOLDER IN AMERICA. 



First Work of Quakers. — Preaches in Martha's Vineyard. — Be- 
friended by the Indians. — Walks Across Country to Sand- 
wich.— Early Trials and Tribulations. 



Of the eleven Friends, five decided to be- 
gin their ministry in New Amsterdam, but 
Christopher Holder and John Copeland de- 
termined to make their way to Boston, 
sailing on the "Woodhouse", June 3d. On 
the 1 2th John Copeland wrote to his par- 
ents, "I and Christopher Holder are going 
to Martha's Vineyard, in obedience to the 
will of God, which is our joy." A letter 
from them at this time says: ''We were 
received with much joy of heart. The 
Lord of Hosts is with us, the shout of a 
King is amongst us. The people fear 
our God, for his goodness is large and 
great, and reaches to the end of the earth 
5 



56 The Holders of H older ness 

. . . Take no thought for me. Man 
I do not fear, . . . for my trust is in 
the Lord. . . . the seed in America 
shall be as the sands of the sea." A 
prophecy which seems to have been justi- 
fied, as, despite the many drawbacks, th^ 
Society increased and became a power in 
the land. 

After spending some time among the 
friendly people of Providence, preaching in 
various towns, Christopher Holder "felt it 
required of them to visit Martha's Vine- 
yard," and, engaging a man to carry them 
over, they landed on the i6th of June. At 
this period the Island was the home of the 
Algonquin Indians, in whose conversion 
the Puritans were deeply interested. They 
had established a mission there, at the head 
of which was the son of the governor of 
the island. The Puritans also had their 
own church or meeting-house, which, ac- 
cording to the custom of the time, was a 
public ''steeplehouse.'' This was in charge 



The Holders of H older ness 57 

of a minister named Mayhew. The two 
missionaries were now again in the enemy^s 
country, from which they had been sum- 
marily banished but a year before, and were 
Hable to arrest at any moment. Even the 
fisherman who transported them from the 
mainland was in grave danger for aiding 
and abetting them. They attended the 
service of Mayhew, and when he had con- 
cluded Christopher Holder arose and ad- 
dressed the meeting, saying that they 
brought the Word as understood by the 
Friends, and were messengers bearing 
God's love to their brethren in America. 
The English Friend had not proceeded far, 
when, at the order of the minister, a con- 
stable seized him, and, thrusting him vio- 
lently from the church, bade him remain 
there and cease his heretical language. 
But, believing that they were directly 
called, the missionaries refused, and joined 
the congregation in its afternoon meeting; 
and, when the clergyman had ended the 



58 The Holders of H older ness 

service, they again attempted to speak, 
and had some controversy with the congre- 
gation on doctrinal points. They were 
not molested, but during the evening cer- 
tain citizens entered a complaint against 
them, and the following morning the gov- 
ernor, with a constable, called and de- 
manded why they were there. The reply 
was because they were obeying the will of 
God. At this the governor laughed, and 
answered, *Tt is the will of God that you 
both leave to-day. I have provided a na- 
tive to carry you across; pay him and go 
your way." 

But the missionaries were not to be dis- 
couraged; they believed it was their duty 
to remain, so they refused to facilitate their 
eviction by paying their fare to the "Algon- 
quin" or to leave the island. Their refusal 
to go, and their perfect confidence in the 
position they had taken, dumfounded the 
governor, who, after expostulating with 
them, ordered the constable to search them 



The Holders of Ho Id em ess 59 

and take the passage money by force. 
During the struggle the natives took sides 
with the two defenseless Quakers, and re- 
fused to be a party to their enforced de- 
parture. The governor was nonplussed, 
and, as the weather was stormy, and none 
of the Puritans would put to sea with the 
Quakers, he left them where they stood, 
ordering that no one should give them 
shelter. 

He did not count on the Algonquins, 
as these intelligent natives invited the 
Quakers to their village, and entertained 
them with every kindness for three days; 
and when they took their departure finally, 
asking the Indians to transport them to 
the mainland, the latter refused to accept 
the slightest reward. The chief replied to 
Christopher Holder's offer of money in a 
manner that showed that these rude na- 
tives were princes when hospitality was 
concerned. *'We wish no pay," said the 
Algonquin; "you are strangers, and Jeho- 



6o The Holders of Holderness 

vah has taught us to love strangers." 
'These poor people," says Sewell, "acted 
more in unison with the spirit of Christian- 
ity than those who were wont to be their 
teachers, declining to receive their re- 
ward." Such simple and feeling language 
was a striking rebuke to the bigotry and 
intolerance which marked ''the conduct of 
their highly professing teachers." The 
Algonquins landed Christopher Holder 
and his companion on the mainland near 
Barnstable in safety, and they began the 
march across the barren country. In 1657 
Indians were almost the sole occupants of 
the forest, and between Martha's Vineyard 
and Plymouth there were but two Eng- 
lish settlements — Sandwich and Falmouth. 
The men must have had sublime faith, as 
there were no roads, no signs to direct the 
wayfarer; only a tractless forest. They 
knew the general direction, and, with blan- 
kets and the food provided by the Indians, 
they began the long walk to Sandwich, 



The Holders of Holderncss 6i 

where they hoped to have a meeting. In 
due time they arrived, passing over the 
long stretches of sand dunes, finally reach- 
ing Sandv^ich. At this time the tov^n was 
represented by a collection of log houses, 
and the wanderers found shelter in one of 
these, soon learning that religious intoler- 
ance had created unrest in the town, and 
that some of the people were eager for the 
new word which they brought. Sewell 
says: *Their arrival at this place was hailed 
with feelings of satisfaction by many who 
were sincere seekers after heavenly riches, 
but who had long been burdened with a 
lifeless ministry and dead forms of re- 
ligion." 

It will be remembered that these were 
the first meetings held in New England by 
Quakers. The previous year Christopher 
Holder and his friends had indeed reached 
Boston, but they spent the eleven weeks 
in jail; hence Sandwich became the first 



62 The Holders of Holdemess 

field for the Friends in the Colonies of Ply- 
mouth or Massachusetts. 

The memory of Christopher Holder is 
still kept green by the descendants of his 
original converts. The meetings were held 
in the homes of those who were willing to 
ha\ne them. The people were eager for the 
word, and in a short time the efforts of the 
eloquent preacher were repaid by the ac- 
cession of eighteen families to the ranks of 
the Friends. But Sandwich was no excep- 
tion to the rule of intolerance which held 
in the colony at this period. Endicott and 
Norton had emissaries even here, who were 
familiar with the laws which had been en- 
acted the preceding summer for the evic- 
tion or banishment of Christopher Holder 
and his companions, and when the rumor 
was circulated that two EngHsh Quakers 
had arrived and were preaching, they were 
at once denounced and a constable was 
sent to arrest them. The Friends were 
holding a meeting in the home of a convert 



The Holders of Holderness 63 

named Allen — whose descendants still re- 
side in Sandwich — when some one warned 
them of the threatened danger. The house 
stood near some high, deeply-wooded hills, 
and to these the Httle congregation ad- 
journed their meeting, that the services 
might continue and that Christopher 
Holder and his friends might escape arrest 
and consequent indignities. Reaching the 
hilltop, they looked down into a deep and 
beautiful glen or hollow, which seemed to 
invite them to its leafy seclusion, and, press- 
ing on, these earnest fugitives from relig- 
ious intolerance, which pursued them even 
into God's temples, made their way 
through the thicket and came to a level 
spot by the side of a little stream, where, 
beneath the blue sky, surrounded by masses 
of luxuriant verdure, Christopher Holder 
and his young friend, John Copeland, con- 
ducted a meeting which so impressed these 
converts that to this day, nearly two hun- 
dred and fifty years later, his personality 



64 The Holders of Holderness 

clings to the spot, which is known all 
through Barnstable county as ''Christo- 
pher's Hollow." The attention of the au- 
thor was first called to this fact some years 
ago by the late Emily Holder Howe, then 
residing in Boston, also a descendant of 
Christopher Holder, who sent the follow- 
ing version, written by a resident of Sand- 
wich: 

"About a mile southwesterly from 
Spring Hill village is a deep sequestered 
glen or hollow in the wood. No spot in 
the county of Barnstable is more secluded 
or lovely. The quiet glen is surrounded 
by a ridge of hills, covered in part by trees, 
and is some one hundred and twenty-five 
feet deep. In the spring and summer a 
small stream of water runs into this glen, 
which keeps up a perpetual murmur. For 
over two centuries this lovely spot has 
been called 'Christopher's Hollow,' in 
memory of Christopher Holder. On an 
August day in 1657, after the severe penal 



TJie Holders of Holderness 65 

act of the provincial legislature had passed, 
a small, sincere band of worshipers met 
at Allen's house, Spring Hill, but immedi- 
ately adjourned to the hollow to offer up 
devout supplications to Him who is no re- 
specter of persons. Persons visiting this 
place notice on the westerly side a row of 
flat stones, which are believed to have been 
the seats upon which this meager congre- 
gation sat and listened to the heartfelt 
teachings of Christopher Holder, a sincere 
and upright man." 

On the two hundred and fiftieth anniver- 
sary of Sandwich — 1639- 1889 — a poem was 
written and read by Miss Mary A. D. Con- 
roy, of Roxbury, in which Christopher's 
Hollow is referred to. Some of the lines 
were as follows: 

"Their meeting-place — a sylvan glen, 
Environed by protecting trees. 
Here, far removed from curious eyes, 
Their God they worshiped silently. 
Their choir the myriad song birds were; 



66 The Holders of Holderness 

Their hassocks, stones; the mossy sward 
Beneath their feet their carpet was. 
An azure ceil, the sky above. 
No temple made by mortal hands 
Could rival this in loveliness." 

The author determined to visit "Christo- 
pher's Hollow" at the first opportunity, 
and one beautiful morning in September 
found himself in the old town of Sandwich, 
and riding over roads which Christopher 
Holder must have tramped, pack on back, 
or have been forced along by his assailants. 
The driver pointed out the historic homes' 
of Friends here and there — Aliens, Wings, 
Hoxies, Ewers and many more, all names 
now honored in the Society and the world 
at large. Then came the meeting-house, 
a large, commodious building, plain and 
somber, but with an air of sanctity and 
rest. Extending from it was a long line 
of well-built sheds for the comfort of the 
horses, and in the rear, in a peaceful re- 
treat, the burying ground, where the 
Friends of Sandwich rested in their last 




Friends' Meeting House, at Sandwich, Mass., the site of 
first meeting house in America, 



Tlie Holders of Holderness 67 

sleep. By the railroad stood the oldest 
Friends' burying ground in America. Here 
lie the converts of Christopher Holder 
and John Copeland, who had listened to 
their earnest ministry and had lifted their 
prayers for his safety when beaten and 
scourged for preaching to them. The 
meeting-house stands upon the original 
spot where the first Friends' meeting- 
house in America was built. Reference to 
it is found in the Sandwich records, the 
date being 1672, and as Christopher 
Holder was in America then with George 
Fox, there is every reason to believe that 
he preached there many times. The sec- 
ond meeting-house was built in 1704; the 
third and present building in 1816. Not 
far distant the driver indicated a house, the 
only one in Sandwich, that stood in the 
days of Christopher Holder, and in which 
he probably preached, as it was the house 
of a Friend, one Wing, who built it in 1644. 
The Wings early became prominently iden- 



68 The Holders of Holderness 

tified with the Friends, and the family still 
occupies the ancient house, so rich in his- 
torical associations. 

From here the author was driven up into 
the low hills to the south, from which a 
fine view of Barnstable county is visible. 
In every direction the flat lands stretch 
away, rich in the greens of the boglands, 
where the cranberry pickers were at work, 
or merge into sand dunes or patches of 
forest. At the summit the driver stopped 
and pointed to a dense wood as "Christo- 
pher's Hollow\" Leaving the carriage, the 
author plunged into the thicket, and after 
a short walk stood on the slope of a great 
amphitheater. Pines, scrub oaks and lichen- 
covered shrubs barred the way, pushing 
through which the bottom was reached, 
where, according to the information re- 
ceived, there was a little meadow, well 
grassed, suggesting that in the early spring 
it was the bed of a brook that drained the 
slopes and found its way on to the south 



The Holders of Holdeniess 69 

between the hills, and went murmurmg on 
to the distant sea. The location was emi- 
nently adapted to the exigency forced 
upon the early Sandwich Friends, as such 
a spot would not be suspected from the 
road. The thickly-wooded slopes rose on 
all sides, forming walls of green; the can- 
opy, the heavens. It was a peaceful retreat; 
the air soft and fragrant. From here and 
there came the sweet songs of birds, and as 
the sun poured brilliantly down, illumining 
the greens of the pines and spruce, bring- 
ing out the blazing colors of autumnal foli- 
age, the little glen seemed to take on new 
beauties, and the scene could well be im- 
agined when the few devout men and 
women led the two fugitive ministers down 
the slope and gathered about them, the 
deep silence that followed, the earnest faces 
and the stirring words from these men, 
who feared God alone, and who faced death 
and torture, not once, but many times, 
that they might preach His word. The 



yo The Holders of H older ness 

hollow was crossed and recrossed, the 
course of the valley followed; then, after 
gathering the red berries of the winter- 
green, which carpeted the hollow, and 
some acorns to plant in the California 
home of a descendant of the faithful mis- 
sionary, the author again forced his way 
through the thick growth that guards the 
secret of the Friends of old and stood on 
the highway that winds around deep gorges 
and glens that make up the beauties of old 
Sandwich. 

The accompanying view of ''Christo- 
pher's Hollow" was made at this time, from 
a location near the bottom, but the brush 
and oaks were so thick that a comprehen- 
sive view of the glen was impossible, and 
the photograph gives but a suggestion of 
the high wall of verdure that environs the 
first Friends' meeting-house in America, 
now known as ''Christopher's Hollow." 

To Sandwich belongs the honor, then, 
of being what may be termed the pioneer 




Christopher's Hollow. 



The Holders of Hold em ess 71 

Quaker town in America. Here, events 
rapidly occurred which were especially 
epoch-making. Here, Christopher Holder 
and John Copeland, of Holderness, forrned 
the first Society of Friends on this conti- 
nent, received the first welcome and 
planted the seed from which sprung one 
of the most remarkable religious organi- 
zations in the world — remarkable not for 
its spectacular features or for its preten- 
tious doctrines, but for its purity, its abso- 
lute disinterestedness and its near approach 
to that highest standard of moral perfec- 
tion expressed by the life and teaching of 
the founder of the Christian religion. 



CHAPTER VII. 



THE REIGN OF TERROR. 



Christopher Holder Banished from Plymouth.— Religious Cus- 
toms of the Time.— Strenuous Life of the Quaker Ministers. 



That Governor Endicott and the Puri- 
tan priests — Norton and others of Boston 
— intended to create a virtual reign of ter- 
ror in the ranks of the people they deri- 
sively termed Quakers there is no possible 
question, and to accomplish this they ap- 
pointed of^cials in every town to watch 
for them; hence the meetings in Sandwich 
could not be concealed, nor was it the 
desire of Christopher Holder to preach in 
secret; he boldly proclaimed his mission. 
Norton, in his "Ensign," says, ''Great was 
the stir and noise of the tumultuous town." 
''Yea all in an uproar hearing that we, who 
were called by such a name as Quakers, 



74 The Holders of Holdeniess 

were come into these parts. A great fire 
was kindled, and the hearts of many did 
burn within them, so that in the heat some 
said one thing, and some another, but the 
most part knew not what was the matter." 
So great was the agitation among the 
Puritan settlers that the two ministers 
took up their packs and began the march 
over the then almost trackless country to 
Plymouth, where they announced their 
coming by rising in the "ordinary," or pub- 
lic church, after the service and preaching. 
Some of the Puritans endeavored to stop 
them; others were inclined to argue and 
dispute, while many were desirous of hear- 
ing them. But the priests led the clamor 
so successfully that the authorities or- 
dered them to leave the colony of Ply- 
mouth. A large and threatening crowd 
gathered, and the Friends informed them 
that they could not leave the colony until 
they had made another visit to Sandwich; 
in a word, refused to go and demanded the 



The Holders of Holderness 75 

nature of the charges against them. The 
constable allowed them to pass to their 
lodgings unmolested, but their enemies 
held a meeting at night, and on the follow- 
ing morning the ministers were arrested 
and taken before the magistrates and ques- 
tioned. But the authorities could find no 
reasonable excuse for committing them to 
prison, and so compromised by discharging 
them and ordered them ''to begone out of 
their colony." This mandate the Friends 
refused to obey. 

They left Plymouth, but turned in the 
direction of Sandwich, a fact that was soon 
reported by some who followed, and a con- 
stable was sent after them, who forced 
them to walk six miles or more in the di- 
rection of Rhode Island and then left them, 
whereupon the ministers turned soon after 
and walked to Sandwich to complete their 
labors. Their re-appearance, and the fact 
that they had made many converts, roused 
the priests, and they demanded that the 



76 Tlie Holders of Holderness 

Quakers be arrested, which was carried 
out, and in a few days they were again 
taken before the magistrate of Plymouth, 
charged with being "ranters and dangerous 
persons." 

This time the governor of Plymouth ex- 
amined them in person, and again ''no in- 
fraction of the law was found against 
them"; yet, to silence the clamor aroused 
by the Puritan priests, they were ordered 
to leave the colony. Sewell says: '*It ap- 
pears that their gospel ministry had been 
instrumental in convincing many at this 
place of the principles of Friends, a circum- 
stance which increased the alarm of the 
priests, who now exerted their utmost to 
procure their banishment. The urgent ap- 
peal was effective, and the governor, to 
satisfy them, issued a warrant for the arrest 
of Christopher Holder and John Copeland 
as extravagant persons and vagabonds, to 
be brought before him at Plymouth." It 
is at this time that we observe the first in- 



The Holders of Holderness yy 

tervention of Friends, and here began the 
series of outrages against sympathizers 
with the Quakers that constitutes so black 
a page in New England history. Some of 
the meetings at Sandwich had been held at 
the home of William Newland, a zealous 
convert, and between him and the harassed 
ministers there had sprung up a warm and 
devoted friendship, and when the latter 
were arrested and were apparently to be 
condemned without a hearing, William 
Newland sprang to his feet in the crowded 
court-room and insisted that Christopher 
Holder's demand for a copy of the warrant 
under which they were deprived of their 
liberty should be complied with, protesting 
that it was illegal and an outrage against 
justice not to accede to their request. The 
governor was indignant at this bold parti- 
sanship, and forthwith fined the brave 
Newland ten shillings and severely rebuked 
him. Christopher Holder and his friend 
were now arraigned before the court of 



78 The Holders of Holderness 

Plymouth, the priests appearing against 
them, and again the magistrates informed 
them that there was a law forbidding them 
to remain in the colony. To this Christo- 
pher Holder repHed that, "being in the 
Lord's service, he could not promise to 
leave." Highly incensed, the officers is- 
sued a warrant for their expulsion, and told 
them that if they returned again they 
would be ''whipped as vagabonds." The 
following is a copy of this warrant, taken 
from the colonial records, dated at Ply- 
mouth, August 31, 1657: 

'To the Under-Marshal of the Jurisdic- 
tion of Plymouth, 

"Whereas, there hath been two ex- 
travagant persons, professing themselves 
Quakers, at the town of Plymouth, who, ac- 
cording to order, may not be permitted to 
abide within the liberty of this jurisdiction. 
These are therefore in the name of his high- 
ness, the Lord Protector of England, Scot- 
land, and Ireland, to will and command 



The Holders of Holderness 29 

you forthwith, on receipt hereof, to convey 
the said persons, viz, Christopher Holder 
and John Copeland, unto the utmost 
bounds of our jurisdiction. Whereof fail 
not at your peril." 

In accordance with this, the under-mar- 
shal marched them five miles in the direc- 
tion of Rhode Island, and left them in the 
forest, without food or shelter. But 
Rhode Island at this early time afforded 
refuge to the oppressed, and the two men 
were welcomed in that colony. 

Holder has been criticised by some his- 
torians, who have attempted to defend 
Endicott and the inquisitors of the time, 
who have said that to enter the churches of 
the Puritans, and address the congrega- 
tions and endeavor to make converts, was 
little less than an outrage, and was suffi- 
cient reason for the outbreaks against the 
Quakers. These writers are, to say the 
least, ignorant of the methods and customs 
of the day. After the service of the priest, 



8o The Holders of Hold em ess 

any one was allowed to speak, and Christo- 
pher Holder merely took advantage of this 
custom. John Cotton, a Puritan pastor of 
Boston, thus describes the degree of liberty 
allowed in 1657, as quoted by Bowden: 
"When there be more prophets as pastors 
and teachers they may prophesy two or 
three, and if the time permit the elders may 
call any other of the brethren, whether of 
the same church, or any other, to speak a 
word of exhortation to the people; and for 
the better edifying of a man's self, or 
others, it may be lawful for any (young or 
old) save any w^omen to ask questions at 
the mouth of the prophets." 

In 1643 the following declaration of the 
faith and order of the Baptist and Congre- 
gational churches was issued, which bears 
upon the point at issue: ''Although it is 
incumbent upon the pastors and teachers 
of the churches to be instant in preaching 
the w^ord, by way of office ; yet the work of 
preaching the word is not so peculiarly 



The Holders of Holderness 8i 

confined to them, but that others also 
gifted and filled by the Holy Spirit for it, 
and approved, being by lawful ways and 
means in the providence of God called 
thereto may, publickly, ordinarily and con- 
stantly perform it, so that they give them- 
selves up thereto." Robert Barclay states 
that the English Independents "also go so 
far as to af^rm that any gifted brother, as 
they call them, if he finds himself qualified 
thereto, may instruct, exhort and preach in 
the church." Cromwell, in 1650, threw open 
the pulpits of the rigid Presbyterian church 
to "all intruders," and, when protest was 
made, he replied: ''We look upon minis- 
ters as helpers of, not lords over, the faith 
of God's people. Where do you find in 
Scripture that preaching is exclusively your 
functions? Are you troubled that Christ 
is preached? Doth it scandalize you, the 
reformed churches and Scotland in particu- 
lar? Is it against the Covenant? Away 
with the Covenant, if it be so! I thought 



82 The Holders of Holderness 

the Covenant and these men would have 
been wilHng that any should speak good 
of the name of Christ; if not, it is no Cove- 
nant of God's approving, nor the kirk you 
mention, the spouse of Christ." (Crom- 
well's Letters and Speeches, by Thomas 
Carlyle, Vol. I, p. 6i.) It is on record 
that, in 1656, Dr. Gunning, afterward 
regius professor of Divinity at Cambridge 
and bishop of Ely, went into the congre- 
gation of John Biddle, the father of Eng- 
lish Unitarians, and began a dispute with 
him. George Fox was a frequent visitor 
at the "steeplehouse." On very rare oc- 
casions he imitated the example of the 
bishop, but it was his custom to wait 
quietly until the minister had ended, when 
he would often be invited to speak. 

From this it will be seen that it was a 
custom of the time for any gifted man to 
rise and preach in a "steeplehouse" after 
the regular service had ended, and Christo- 
pher Holder was but following an estab- 



The Holders of Holderness 83 

lished precedent when he modestly entered 
the piibHc places of worship in Plymouth 
and Massachusetts colony and preached 
to the people upon the completion of the 
service. 

There is no evidence that any Friend 
ever made an attempt, in the sHghtest way, 
to disturb a Puritan meeting. It was the 
strong undercurrent of religious intoler- 
ance which cropped out among the Puri- 
tans at the slightest innovation in religious 
forms and behef that caused the trouble. 
The Puritans avowedly came to America 
to enjoy religious liberty, yet they abso- 
lutely refused others participation in the 
divine right. Bowden says: ''A strong 
and deep conviction was vested in their 
(Friends) minds that the prevailing relig- 
ious systems were essentially opposed to 
the pure and spiritual religion of Christ. 
They were not less fully persuaded of this, 
it may be added, on less substantial 
grounds than John Huss, or Martin Luther 



84 The Holders of Holderness 

was of the anti-Christian character of the 
Romish church. They beHeved themselves 
called upon to testify, 'in the name of the 
Lord/ against a system which contained so 
woeful an admixture of human invention." 
This is referred to, that the remarkable 
persistence of these ministers in returning 
to the fields from which they had been 
driven may be understood; briefly, they ex- 
emplified the highest type of missionary 
fervor, and sacrificed themselves on the 
altar of their convictions, acts which, it 
may be said, were not peculiar to Friends 
at this and previous periods. 

In this connection it is interesting to 
glance at the misinterpretation of the work 
of early Friends in history. Writers even 
to-day prepare papers and books on 
Friends and impute to them crimes and 
follies which rest alone on tradition and 
calumny for their foundation. Senator 
Henry Cabot Lodge, of Massachusetts, ac- 
cording to Hallowell, says: 'The Friends 



The Holders of Holdeniess 85 

were drunk with religious zeal." He evi- 
dently believes that it was not unusual for 
them to appear naked in public, and he 
describes them as "rioters and disturbers of 
the peace." When we turn to the preface 
of Senator Lodge's book, we find the re- 
markable statement that he makes ''abso- 
lutely no pretense to original research." 
*7^idged by his text," says Hallowell, ''this 
ingenious admission should be supple- 
mented by a confession that his research 
for information as to Massachusetts 
Quakers did not include a single Quaker 
authority of either early or recent date." 
Many historians of to-day copy the views 
of the fanatical Cotton Mather, who called 
Quakers, in his "Magnalia," "devil-driven 
creatures" and "dangerous villains." John 
Fiske, of Cambridge, in an article in Har- 
per's Magazine for December, 1882, is an 
example of an historian who has written 
on the Quakers, according to Hallowell, 
"without having examined the pages of a 



86 The Holders of Holderness 

single Quaker authority, and enlivens it 
with Cotton Mather's libel that the Friends 
called the Bible the 'Word of the Devil' " 
If Mr. Fiske and Mr. Lodge had even 
glanced at the literature of Friends, they 
would have at least been in a position to 
do them justice. 



CHAPTER VIII. 



RHODE ISLAND COLONY FRIENDLY. 



Endicott Appeals to Rhode Island to Aid Him in Expelling 

Holder and Copeland.— Rhode Island Refuses 

and Appeals to England. 



The colony of Rhode Island, from the 
very first distinguished for its tolerance, af- 
forded a literal haven for the hunted 
Quakers in the following days. Christo- 
pher Holder and John Copeland made 
many converts in Sandwich and Plymouth, 
and were spreading the Word in the colony 
of Rhode Island so rapidly that the priests 
and rulers in Boston became alarmed, and 
so worked upon the superstitious fears of 
Governor Endicott that he entered a vigor- 
ous protest. So thoroughly had the doc- 
trine of the Friends been disseminated that 
liberal Puritans were joining their ranks 
everywhere, and even as early as August, 
7 



88 The Holders of Holderncss 

1657, the Friends constituted a "party," 
small and insignificant numerically, strong 
in fearlessness and faith, opposed to which 
were those fighting for the ascendency of 
Puritan orthodoxy. On one side was 
Governor Endicott, the priests, magis- 
trates and authorities; on the other, Chris- 
topher Holder, John Copeland, who be- 
lieved they were called to a duty from 
which there was no turning. Legions they 
had none; their human support their con- 
verts and a few Friends in Plymouth and 
Sandwich. But, as these leaders moved on, 
converts seem to have sprung up in their 
path Hke grain after the sower, and as the 
missionaries announced their intention of 
going to Boston, it is not surprising that 
the report caused no small degree of alarm 
and excitement. Bowen says: ''In their 
(Puritan) estimation it was an evil of such 
magnitude, and so fraught with danger to 
the true interests of that religion for which 
they and their forefathers had suffered, as 



The Holders of Holderness 89 

to require counteracting measures of a very 
decided character." This took the form of 
a movement to compel the colony of Rhode 
Island to join with Massachusetts in driv- 
ing out Holder and Copeland, and, on Sep- 
tember 12, 1657, the commissioners of the 
United Colonies addressed the following 
letter to the governor of Rhode Island: 

"Gentlemen, — We suppose you have un- 
derstood that the last year a company of 
Quakers arrived in Boston, upon no other 
account than to disperse their pernicious 
opinions, had they not been prevented by 
the prudent care of the government, who, 
by that experience they had of them, being 
sensible of the danger that might befall the 
Christian religion here professed, by suffer- 
ing such to be received or continued in the 
country, presented the same unto the Com- 
missioners at the meeting in Plymouth; 
who, upon that occasion, commended \t 
to the general courts of the United Colo- 
nies, that all Quakers, Ranters, and such 



90 The Holders of Holderness 

notorious heretics, might be prohibited 
coming among us; and that if such should 
arise amongst ourselves, speedy care might 
be taken to remove them; (and as v^e are 
informed) the several jurisdictions have 
made provision accordingly; but it is by 
experience found that means will fall short 
without further care by reason of your ad- 
mission and receiving of such, from whence 
they may have opportunity to create in 
amongst us, or means to infuse and spread 
their accursed tenets to the great trouble 

of the colonies, if not to the 

professed in them; notwithstanding any 
care that hath been hitherto taken to 
prevent the same; whereof we cannot but 
be very sensible and think no care too 
great to preserve us from such a pest, the 
contagion whereof (if received) within your 
colony, were dangerous to be diffused to 
the others by means of the intercourse, es- 
pecially to the places of trade amongst us; 
v^^hich we desire may be with safety con- 



The Holders of Holdenicss 91 

tinued between us; we therefore make it 
our request, that you and the rest of the 
colonies, take such order herein that your 
neighbors may be freed from that danger. 
That you remove these Quakers that have 
been received, and for the future prohibit 
their coming amongst you; whereunto the 
rule of charity unto yourselves and us (we 
conceive), doth oblige you; wherein if you 
should we hope you will not be wanting; 
yet we could not but signify this our desire; 
and further declare, that we apprehend that 
it will be our duty seriously to consider, 
what provision God may call us to make to 
prevent the aforesaid mischief; and further 
for our further guidance and direction here- 
in, we desire you to impart your mind and 
resolution to the General Court of Massa- 
chusetts, which assembleth the 14th of Oc- 
tober next. We have not further to trouble 
you at present, but to assure you we desire 
to continue your loving friends and neigh- 



92 The Holders of Holderness 

bors the Commissioners of the United 
Colonies. 

''Boston, September 12th, 1657." 
This letter was submitted by the gov- 
ernor of Rhode Island to the Court of 
Trials, held at Providence August 15th fol- 
lowing, and the reply is a credit to the in- 
telligence and discernment of the followers 
of Roger Williams and the people of Rhode 
Island. The colony refused point blank to 
be a party with Endicott to the abridg- 
ment of the reHgious liberty of any citizen. 
The law of their colony was "that none be 
accounted a delinquent for doctrine" (en- 
actment of 1 641), and that "they had re- 
solved that no settler or stranger within 
the limits of their jurisdiction should be 
persecuted for whatever opinions in re- 
ligion he might either hold or teach." 
This was the tenor of their immediate ver- 
bal reply to Endicott's messenger. The 
of^cial and well-written answer was not 



The Holders of Holderness 93 

given until January, 1658, a reproof in 
itself. The reply is as follows: 

''From the General Assembly to the 
Commissioners of the United Colonies. 

"Honoured Gentlemen, — There hath 
been presented to our view, by our hon- 
oured president, a letter bearing date Sep- 
tember 25th last, subscribed by the hon- 
oured gentlemen. Commissioners of the 
United Colonies, concerning a company of 
people (lately arrived in these parts of the 
world), commonly known by the name of 
Quakers; who are generally conceived per- 
nicious, either intentionally, or at least- 
wise in efTect, even to the corrupting of 
good manners, and disturbing the common 
peace, and societies, of the places where 
they arise or resort unto, &c. 

''Now, whereas freedom of different con- 
sciences, to be protected from enforce- 
ments was the principal ground of our 
charter, both with respect to our humble 
suit for it, as also the true intent of the 



94 The Holders of Holderness 

honourable and renowned Parliament of 
England, in granting the same unto us; 
which freedom we still prize as the greatest 
happiness that men can possess in this 
world; therefore, we shall, for the preser- 
vation of our civil peace and order, the 
more seriously take notice that those peo- 
ple, and any other that are here, or shall 
come among us, be impartially required, 
and to our utmost constrained, to perform 
all duties requisite towards the maintaining 
the dignity of his highness, and the gov- 
ernment of that most renowned Common- 
wealth of England, in this colony; which is 
most happily included under the same do- 
minions and we are so graciously taken 
into protection thereof. And in case they, 
the said people, called Quakers, which are 
here, or shall arise, or come among us, do 
refuse to submit to the doing of all duties 
aforesaid, as training, watching, and such 
other engagements as are upon members 
of civil societies, for the preservation of the 



The Holders of Holderness 95 

same in justice and peace; then we deter- 
mine, yea, and we resolve (however) to 
take and make use of the first opportunity 
to inform our agent residing in England, 
that he may humbly present the matter 
(as touching the considerations premised, 
concerning the aforesaid people called 
Quakers), unto the supreme authority of 
England, humbly craving their advice and 
order, how to carry ourselves in any further 
respect towards those people— that there- 
withal there may be no damage, or in- 
fringement of that chief principle in our 
charter concerning freedom of conscience. 
And we also are so much the more encour- 
aged to make our addresses unto the Lord 
Protector, for his highness and govern- 
ment aforesaid, for that we understand 
there are, or have been, many of the afore- 
said people suffered to live in England; 
yea, even in the heart of the nation. And 
thus with our truly thankful acknowledg- 
ments of the honourable care of the hon- 



96 The Holders of Holderness 

oured gentlemen, Commissioners of the 
United Colonies, for the peace and welfare 
of the whole country, as is expressed in 
their most friendly letter, we shall at pres- 
ent take leave and rest. Yours, most af- 
fectionately desirous of your honours and 
welfare .j^^^ Sandford, 

"Clerk of the Assembly. 
"From the General Assembly of the Col- 
ony of Providence Plantation, 
'To the much honoured John Endicott, 
Governor of Massachusetts. To be also 
imparted to the honoured Commission- 
ers of the United Colonies at their next 
meeting; these." 

The General Assembly of Rhode Island, 
feeling that it was being criticised for ex- 
tending toleration to the Quakers, consid- 
ered it advisable to acquaint their repre- 
sentatives in England with the situation, 
and the following is an extract from the 
letter: 



The Holders of Holderness 97 

*'The last year we had laden you with 
much employment, which we were then 
put upon, by reason of some too refractory 
among ourselves; wherein we appealed 
unto you for your advice, for the more 
public manifestation of it with respect to 
our superiors. But our intelligence it 
seems fell short, in the great loss of the 
ship, which is conceived here to be cast 
away. We have now a new occasion, 
given by an old spirit, because of a sort of 
people, called by the name of Quakers, 
who are come amongst us, and have raised 
up divers, who seem at present to be of 
their spirit, whereat the colonies about us 
seem to be offended with us, because the 
said people have their liberty amongst us, 
as entertained into our houses, or into our 
assemblies. And for the present, n^e have 
no just cause to charge them with the 
breach of the civil peace; only they are con- 
stantly going forth among them about us. 



98 The Holders of Holderness 

and vex and trouble them in point of their 
rehgion and spiritual state, though they 
return with many a foul scar on their bodies 
for the same. And the ofTense our neigh- 
bors take against us is, because we take 
not some course against the said people, 
either to expel them from among us, or 
take such courses against them as they 
themselves do, who are in fear lest their 
religion should be corrupted by them. 
Concerning which displeasure that they 
seem to take it was expressed to us in a 
solemn letter, written by the Commis- 
sioners of the United Colonies at their sit- 
ting, as though they would bring us in to 
act according to their scantling, or else 
take some course to do us greater displeas- 
ure. A copy of which letter we have here- 
with sent unto you, wherein you may per- 
ceive how they express themselves. As also 
we have herewith sent our present answer 
unto them, to give you what light we may 
in this matter. There is one clause in 



The Holders of Holderness 99 

their letter, which plainly impHes a threat, 
though covertly expressed. 

"Sir, this is our earnest and present re- 
quest unto you in this matter, as you may 
perceive in our answer to the United Colo- 
nies, that we fly, as to our refuge in all 
civil respects, to his highness and honour- 
able council, as not being subject to any 
others in matter of our civil state; so may 
it please you to have an eye and ear open 
in case our adversaries should seek to un- 
dermine us in our privileges granted unto 
us, and to plead our case in such sort as 
we may not be compelled to exercise any civil 
pozver over men's consciences, so long as 
human orders , in point of civility, are not 
corrupted and violated, which our neighbors 
about us do frequently practice, whereof 
many of us have large experience, and do 
judge it to he no less than a point of absolute 
cruelty- ^^j,^^ 



CHAPTER IX. 



CHRISTOPHER HOLDER IN SALEM. 



Entertained by Lawrence and Cassandra Southwick.— Speaks 
in the Old First Church.— Attacked by Puritan Official.— 
Saved by Samuel Shattuck (the King's Mes- 
senger).— In Jail at Boston. 



It will be seen that the labors of Christo- 
pher Holder at this time were the cause 
of much excitement, and as he moved 
northward this increased, culminating in 
acts which disgrace the pages of the colo- 
nies* history. It would appear that, in 
passing from Sandwich, Holder and Cope- 
land held services and made converts in all 
the towns — Plymouth, Duxbury, Mans- 
field, Dedham, Charleston, Cambridge and 
Lynn — and about the 15th of July they 
reached Salem, Christopher Holder being 
invited to make his home during his visit 
at the house of Lawrence and Cassandra 



I02 The Holders of Holderness 

Southwick,* an act of hospitality which 
ultimately caused the death of these sin- 
cere Friends in their banishment at Shelter 
Island. 

The two missionaries held a series of 
meetings and made many converts in Sa- 
lem. From Norton's ''Ensign" this joint 
reference is made to their ministry here: 
''Having obtained mercy from God and 
being baptized in his covenant Jesus Christ 
we (Christopher Holder and John Cope- 
land) preached freely unto them the things 
we had seen and heard, and our hands had 
handled, which as an engrafted word took 
place in them, such as never can be routed 
out, so that our hearers in a short time be- 
came our fellow sufferers." On the 2ist 
of July, 1657, Christopher Holder entered 

*As seen in the appendix a descendant of Christo- 
pher Holder, William Penn Holder, brother of 
Francis T. Holder, married a descendant of Law- 
rence and Cassandra Southwick in the 19th century, 
about one hundred and seventy-four years later. 
See Whittier's poem, "Cassandra Southwick." 




William Peiin Holder and wife (from an old daguerreotype). Mrs. 
Holder was a descendant of Cassandra Southwick. 



The Holders of Holdcrness 103 

the First Church, of Salem, which now 
stands in the rear of Essex Institute, 
[The author unlocked the ancient door 
and entered the building in 1901, just 
two hundred and forty-four years later.] 
Holder listened to the sermon, and when 
the priest had concluded and the time had 
arrived for laymen to speak, if they so de- 
sired, he rose and addressed the congrega- 
tion. His fame had preceded him, and 
many desired to hear him; but Salem was 
the home of Governor Endicott, the hot- 
bed of irrationaHsm, and the priest uttered 
so vigorous a protest that his partisans 
were aroused to ''much fury," and as 
Holder disregarded the interruptions and 
continued, one of the commissioners 
sprang forward, seized him by the hair 
and jerked him violently backward, at the 
same time attempting to force a handker- 
chief or a glove into his mouth. 

This sudden and cowardly attack from 
behind aroused intense excitement. The 
8 



I04 The Holders of Holderness 

members of the congregation started to 
their feet, some protesting, others encour- 
aging the commissioner, who dragged the 
unresisting Quaker toward the door, still 
endeavoring to choke him. Believing that 
Holder was in danger of his Hfe, one man 
braved public sentiment and barred the 
way, tearing the commissioner's arm from 
the minister's throat, and vigorously pro- 
tested against the injustice of the "furi- 
ous" action of the commissioner against a 
defenseless man. This was Samuel Shat- 
tuck, of Salem, whose descendants still 
live there, and who are by marriage con- 
nected with the descendants of Christopher 
Holder in the present century. This inci- 
dent is dwelt upon by all contemporary 
and later writers — Norton, Bishop, Sewell, 
Bowden, Whittier and others, hence has 
attained historical significance, and was the 
beginning of a series of outrages which dis- 
graced New England during the following 
years. So intense was the feeling aroused 




First Church, Salem, where Christopher Holder preached, 1657. 



The Holders of Holderness 105 

against Samuel Shattuck for attempting 
to defend Christopher Holder that he was 
arrested at once, on the charge of ''being 
a friend to the Quakers." Holder was also 
arrested, and the following day they were 
sent to Boston. They were examined sep- 
arately, Bellingham, deputy governor, 
and Rawson, Endicott's secretary, examin- 
ing Holder, while the elder and deacon of 
the place examined Shattuck, hoping to 
detect them making different statements. 
*'But," wrote the prisoners, "we abiding in 
the truth, spake one thing, so that they 
had no advantage against us, neither could 
take hold of anything we had spoken." 

Bellingham, disappointed at not trip- 
ping them, said ''that their answers were 
elusive, and that the devil had taught them 
a deal of subtilty." Christopher Holder 
and John Copeland were now brought be- 
fore Governor Endicott, and, after the 
farce of a trial had been undergone, they 
were sentenced according to the laws 



io6 The Holders of Holderness 

which had been passed for their benefit the 
previous year, to ''receive thirty lashes." 
The sentence was carried out on Boston 
Common, the pubhc executioner being the 
agent. The prisoners' backs were bared 
and their arms bound to a post. The exe- 
cutioner, in the language of Bishop, 
used a three-corded knotted whip, and to 
make sure of his blows, measured his 
ground ''and fetched his blows with all his 
might." Thirty stripes were given, until 
the backs of the men were cut and stream- 
ing with blood that made them horrible 
spectacles, yet not a groan or word of re- 
proach came from their lips. So terrible 
was the punishment inflicted that the spec- 
tators were horrified, and one woman, ac- 
cording to Sewell, "fell as dead." "Torn 
and lacerated," says Bowden, "they were 
conveyed to their prison cell. Here, with- 
out any bedding, or even straw, to He 
upon, the inhuman gaoler kept them for 
three days, without food or drink, and in 



The Holders of Holderness 107 

this dismal abode, often exposed to damp 
and cold, were these faithful men confined 
for the space of nine weeks." "We may 
wonder," continues Bowden, in his His- 
tory of Friends, "that under such aggra- 
vated cruelties their lives were spared, but 
He for whose holy cause they thus suffered 
was near at hand to support and console 
them. His ancient promise was fulfilled 
in their experience, and they rejoiced in 
the comforting assurance of His living 
power." 

Such were the conditions of religious 
liberty in Boston two hundred and forty- 
four years ago. Samuel Shattuck was im- 
prisoned, but was finally released on giving 
a bond of twenty pounds to answer the 
charge, "and not to assemble with any of 
the people called Quakers at their meet- 
ings." We next hear of him as a convert 
to the doctrine of the Friends, and he be- 
came a staunch friend of Christopher 
Holder. He lies in the Salem burying 



io8 The Holders of H older ness 

ground, and upon the ancient, half-buried 
headstone is the following inscription, 
which the author copied from the records 
of inscriptions in the Boston Library: 

"Here lyeth buried ye body of Samuel 
Shattuck aged 69 years, who departed this 
life in ye sixth day of June 1689. He was 
present at ye Friends meeting when Chris- 
topher Holder attempted to speak, and he 
endeavored to prevent their thrusting a 
handkerchief into Holder's mouth lest it 
should have choked him, for which attack 
he was carried to Boston and imprisoned, 
until he had given bond to answer at the 
next court and not to come to any Quaker 
meeting." 

Wishing to see the grave of this brave 
man — it required something more than 
bravery to take the stand he did — the au- 
thor went to Salem in 1901 and made a 
careful search of all the burying grounds, 
and finally found it in Charter Street. The 
name and date were distinct, but the stone 




Grave of Samuel Shattuck, " The King's Messenger," Salem, Mass. 



The Holders of H older ness 109 

was more than two-thirds buried, evidently 
having sunk into the grave, hence the long 
inscription could not be seen. By the cour- 
tesy of W. J. Stickney a photograph is here 
shown of the stone to the memory of this 
good man and true. 

Alarmed at the rapid increase among 
Friends, the priests and others went to the 
greatest extremes to arouse public preju^ 
dice against the prisoners. They endeav- 
ored to inflame the public by stating that 
Christopher Holder and his friend were 
possessed with devils, and the most exag- 
gerated stories were related by talebearers 
and gossipmongers of the city, much to! 
their discredit, resulting in arousing the 
masses against them. Bowden says: 'The 
distorted views of Quaker tenets, which 
were industriously circulated throughout 
New England in justification of the cruel- 
ties practiced, could scarcely fail to pro- 
duce such a result. In the American colo- 
nies, as well as in England, calumny and 



no The Holders of Holderness 

misrepresentation were too generally fav- 
orite weapons of the enemies of the So- 
ciety.'' 

While lying almost helpless in jail, Chris- 
topher Holder replied to the charges of the 
enemies of Friends in a document* that, in 
its dignified language and its fervor and 
spirit, takes place as the most prominent 
document issued in America up to this 
time. It was the religious declaration of 
independence of America, and, singularly 
enough, recalls the famous political docu- 
ment issued in 1776. Bowden says: 'The 
document issued, an imperfect copy of 
which has been preserved, is rendered the 

*As the original Declaration of the Society of 
Friends (the first in England being dated 1658) this 
is a most interesting and valuable historical document 
The author regrets that all efforts to obtain the origi- 
nal have failed. The latter document in some way 
found its way into the hands of a distant relative of 
Goold Brown, of Lynn, whose ancestors were Friends 
of Pembroke, Plymouth Co., Mass., and through him 
a copy reached Bowden, the historian, to whom the 
author is indebted. 



The Holders of Holderness iii 

more interesting as being, it is believed, 
the first written exposition of the doctrinal 
views of the Society, and containing, as it 
does, clear evidence of the soundness of the 
views of our early Friends, it is additionally 
valuable. The name of Richard Doudney 
on the declaration is explained by the fact 
that he was thrown into jail while they 
were there, and, with John Copeland, 
signed the declaration, which is given in 
the following chapter. 



CHAPTER X. 



CHRISTOPHER HOLDER S DECLARATION OF 
FAITH. 



A Remarkable and Original Document.— First Paper of the 

Kind Either in England or America. — Written in 

Boston Jail and Signed by His Fellow 

Prisoners. 



"A Declaration of Faith, And an ex- 
hortation to Obedience thereto, issued by 
Christopher Holder, John Copeland and 
Richard Doudney, while in Prison at Bos- 
ton in New England, 1657. 

''Whereas, it is reported by them that 
have not a bridle to their tongues, that we, 
who are by the world called Quakers, are 
blasphemers, heretics, and deceivers; and 
that we do deny the Scriptures, and the 
truth therein contained: therefore, we, who 
are here in prison, shall in a few words, in 
truth and plainness, declare unto all peo- 



114 The Holders of Holderness 

pie that may see this, the ground of our 
rehgion, and the faith that we contend for, 
and the cause wherefore we suffer. 

'Therefore, when you read our words, 
let the meek spirit bear rule, and weigh 
them in the balance equal, and stand out 
of prejudice, in the light that judgeth all 
things, and measureth and manifesteth all 
things. 

''As (for us) we do believe in the only 
true and living God, the Father of our 
Lord Jesus Christ, who hath made the 
heavens and the earth, the sea and all 
things in them contained, and doth uphold 
all things that he hath created by the word 
of his power. Who, at sundry times, and 
in divers manners, spake in times past to 
our fathers by the prophets, but in these 
last days he hath spoken by his Son, whom 
he hath made heir of all things, by whom 
he made the world. The which Son is that 
Jesus Christ that was born of the Virgin; 
who suffered for our offenses, and is risen 



The Holders of Holderness 115 

again for our justification, and is ascended 
into the highest heavens, and sitteth at the 
right hand of God the Father. Even inl 
him do we beUeve; who is the only begot- 
ten Son of the Father, full of grace and 
truth: And in him do we trust alone for 
salvation; by whose blood we are washed 
from sin; through whom we have access to 
the Father with boldness, being justified 
by faith in believing in his name. Who 
hath sent forth the Holy Ghost, to wit, the 
Spirit of Truth, that proceedeth from the 
Father and the Son; by which we are sealed 
and adopted sons and heirs of the kingdom 
of heaven. From the which Spirit, the 
Scriptures of truth were given forth, as, 
saith the Apostle Peter, *Holy men of God 
spake as they were moved by the Holy 
Ghost.' The which were written for our ad- 
monition, on whom the ends of the world 
are come; and are profitable for the man 
of God, to reprove, and to exhort, and to 
admonish, as the Spirit of God bringeth 



ii6 The Holders of Holderness 

them unto him, and openeth them in him, 
and giveth him the understanding of them. 

"So that before all (men) we do declare 
that we do believe in God the Father, Son, 
and Holy Spirit, according as they are (de- 
clared of in the) Scriptures; and the Scrip- 
tures we own to be a true declaration of the 
Father, Son and Spirit; in (which) is de- 
clared what was in the beginning, what was 
present, and was to come. 

"Therefore, all (ye) people in whom hon- 
esty is, stand still and consider. Believe 
not them who say. Report, and we will 
report it — that say, Come, let us smite 
them with the tongue; but try all things, 
and hold fast that which is good. Again 
we say, take heed of believing and giving 
credit to reports; for know that the truth 
in all ages of the world, hated, persecuted, 
and imprisoned, under the name of here- 
tics, blasphemers, and" 

(Here part of the paper is torn off, and 
it can only be known, by an unintelligible 



The Holders of Holderness 117 

shred, that fourteen Hnes are lost. We 
read again as follows:) 
*'that showeth you the secrets of your 
hearts, and the deeds that are not good. 
Therefore, while you have light, beUeve in 
the Hght, that ye may be children of light; 
for, as you love it and obey it, it will lead 
you to repentence, bring you to know Him 
in whom is remission of sins, in whom God 
is well pleased; who will give you an en- 
trance into the kingdom of God, an inherit- 
ance amongst them that are sanctified. 
For this is the desire of our souls for all 
that have the least breathings after God, 
that they may come to know Him in deed 
and in truth, and find his power in and with 
them, to keep them from falling, and to 
present them faultless before the throne of 
his glory; who is the strength and life of 
all them that put their trust in Him; who 
upholdeth all things by the word of his 
power; who is God over all, blessed for 
ever. Amen. 



ii8 The Holders of Holderness 

'Thus we remain friends to all that fear 
the Lord; who are sufferers, not for evil 
doing, but for bearing testimony to the 
truth, in obedience to the Lord God of life; 
unto whom we commit our cause; who is 
risen to plead the cause of the innocent, 
and to help him that hath no help on the 
earth; who will be avenged on all his ene- 
mies, and will repay the proud doers. 

"Christopher Holder, 
"John Copeland, 
"Richard Doudney, 
"From the House of Correction the ist 
of the Eighth Month, 1657, in Boston." 



CHAPTER XL 



endicott's cruelties. 



Determines to Rid the Colony of Quakers.— Christopher Holder 

Beaten and Scourged.— Given 357 Lashes in Seven Weeks. 

—Law for Boring the Tongues of Quakers. 



In addition to the foregoing Declaration 
of Faith, a paper was prepared by the 
Friends, probably written by Christopher 
Holder, who was a highly educated man of 
known literary tastes, bearing upon the 
"Persecuting Spirit exhibited in New Eng- 
land with warning to those who are indulg- 
ing therein." This document appears to 
have aroused Endicott to a ''fury." Sum- 
moning them when the paper was found to 
have been circulated, he demanded whether 
they acknowledged it, and, upon re- 
ceiving their affirmation, burst into a 
tirade of invective, telling them ''that they 
deserved to be hanged for writing it," and, 
9 



I20 The Holders of Holderness 

says Bowden, ''if he had possessed the 
power to execute his desires, the gibbet on 
Boston Common would, in all probabiHty, 
soon have terminated the labors of these 
good men." Endicott and BeUingham, 
his deputy, now determined to rid the col- 
ony of the Quakers, and began a series of 
cruelties and tortures that savor of the 
Inquisition. An order was issued that ''all 
Quakers in jail should be severely whipped 
twice a week," the punishment to begin 
with fifteen lashes and to increase the num- 
ber by three at every successive application 
of the degrading sentence. Holder re- 
ceived thirty lashes at first; then for seven 
weeks they received this sentence, the pun- 
ishment being as follows: First week 
(original punishment), thirty lashes; third 
week, thirty-three lashes; fourth week, 
thirty-nine lashes; fifth week, forty-five 
lashes; sixth week, fifty-one lashes; seventh 
week, fifty-seven lashes; eighth week, six- 
ty-three lashes; ninth week, sixty-nine 



The Holders of Holderness 121 

lashes or, in the course of seven weeks, 
omitting the two during which they were 
not whipped. Holder received three hun- 
dred and fifty-seven lashes with the triple- 
knotted cord. Copeland received the 
same, and, in all probability, Doudney, 
though the records do not mention it; yet 
nowhere is it shown that these ministers 
uttered a word of complaint at their suf- 
ferings. 

This was but the beginning of Endicott's 
crusade against the Quakers. He now is- 
sued what is known as the ''tongue-bor- 
ing" law, in which it was stated that for 
a third offense, the crime consisting of en- 
tering the city of Boston or the colony of 
Massachusetts, the Quaker should have his 
or her tongue bored through with a hot 
iron. The following is a copy of the docu- 
ment, from the Colonial Records, which 
was passed in August, 1657, and issued by 
Secretary Rawson October 14th: 



122 The Holders of H older ness 

"As an addition to the late order, in ref- 
erence to the coming-, or bringing in any of 
the cursed sect of the Quakers into this 
jurisdiction. It is ordered, that whosoever 
shall from henceforth bring, or cause to be 
brought, directly or indirectly, any known 
Quaker or Quakers, or other blasphemous 
heretics into this jurisdiction, every such 
person shall forfeit the sum of £ioo to 
the country, and shall, by warrant from any 
magistrate, be committed to prison, there 
to remain, until the penalty be fully satis- 
fied and paid; and if any person or persons 
within this jurisdiction, shall henceforth 
entertain or conceal any Quaker or 
Quakers, or other blasphemous heretics 
(knowing them to be so) every such person 
shall forfeit to the country forty shillings 
for every hour's concealment and enter- 
tainment of any Quaker or Quakers, &c., 
and shall be committed to prison till the 
forfeitures be fully satisfied and paid: And 
it is further ordered, that if any Quaker or 



The Holders of H older ness 123 

Quakers shall presume (after they have 
once suffered what the law requireth) to 
come into this jurisdiction, every such male 
Quaker shall, for the first offence, have 
one of his ears cut off, and be kept at work 
in the house of correction, till he can be 
sent away at his own charge; and for the 
second offence, shall have his other ear cut 
off, and be kept at the house of correction 
as aforesaid. And every woman Quaker 
that hath suffered the law here, that shall 
presume to come into this jurisdiction shall 
be severely whipped, and kept at the house 
of correction at work, till she be sent away 
at her own charge; and so also for her com- 
ing again, shall be used as aforesaid: And 
for every Quaker, he or she, that shall a 
third time offend, they shall have their 
tongues bored through with a hot iron, and 
kept at the house of correction close to 
work till they be sent away at their own 
charge. And it is further ordered. That all 
and every Quaker, arising from amongst 



124 '^he Holders of Holderness 

ourselves, shall be dealt with and suffer 
the like punishment, as the law provides 
against foreign Quakers. 

''Edward Rawson, Secretary. 
''Boston, 14th day of October, 1657." 
The repeated whippings to which Chris- 
topher Holder and John Copeland were 
subjected in the jail, the barbarous sen- 
tence being carried out twice a week, as 
described, did not fail to arouse sentiments 
of horror and repugnance among the more 
intelligent of the Puritans, and a reaction 
set in, the murmurings growing so loud and 
deep that, after subjecting the Quakers 
to nine weeks of torture, Endicott was 
alarmed and ordered their release. The 
24th of September they were discharged 
and taken before the governor for final sen- 
tence. The tongue-boring law was read 
to them, and they were duly banished from 
the colony. 

While Holder and Copeland were under- 
going the weekly beatings, the jail had re- 



The Holders of Holderness 125 

ceived several accessions. Previous to the 
scene at the First Church, where Christo- 
pher Holder was attacked and rescued 
by Samuel Shattuck, he had been, as 
we have seen, hospitably entertained by 
Lawrence and Cassandra Southwick, peo- 
ple of repute in the town, described by 
Bishop as "an aged and grave couple." 
When this was discovered, they were ar- 
rested and thrown into jail with Christo- 
pher Holder and John Copeland, where 
Richard Doudney soon joined them, and 
later Mary Clark, who had come from Lon- 
don to protest against the outrages perpe- 
trated against the Quakers. The friend- 
ship of the Southwick family for Holder 
caused them to fall under the ban of Gov- 
ernor Endicott, and they were ultimately 
driven out of the colony. Lawrence South- 
wick was released, but upon Cassandra, 
when searched in the jail, was found 
the Declaration of Faith by Christopher 
Holder, and their later warning, and, for 



126 The Holders of Holderness 

the crime of possessing these papers, this 
infirm woman was detained in prison for 
seven weeks and, according to Gough, both 
were whipped, while, according to Sewell, 
they were deprived of all their property. 
Mary Clark was given twenty stripes 
with three cords upon her naked back. 
Sewell adds: 'The cords of these whips 
were commonly as thick as a man's lit- 
tle finger, having some knots at the end, 
and the stick was sometimes so long that 
the hangman made use of both his hands 
to strike the harder." Governor Endi- 
cott even vented his rage upon the children 
of the entertainers of Christopher Holder 
as well. They were evidently watched, 
it being suspected that the family had 
joined the Friends, which was undoubtedly 
true, and the first time that Daniel and 
Provided, the son and daughter of Law- 
rence and Cassandra Southwick, remained 
away from church, they were arrested 
and fined £io each for non-attendance. 



The Holders of Holderness 127 

This they could not pay, whereupon Endi- 
cott, determined not only to rid the colony 
of Christopher Holder, but of any who had 
befriended him, ordered the brother and 
sister to be sold as slaves. The general 
court of Boston issued the following order 
in May, 1659, and it may be seen on the 
colonial records, bearing the name of Ed- 
ward Rawson: 

"Whereas, Daniel Southwick and Provi- 
ded Southwick, son and daughter of Law- 
rence Southwick, absenting themselves 
from the public ordinances, having been 
fined by the courts of Salem and Ipswich, 
pretending they have no estates, and re- 
solving not to work: The court, upon pe- 
rusal of a law which was made upon ac- 
count of debts, in answer to what should 
be done for the satisfaction of the fines 
resolves, That the treasurers of the several 
counties, are and shall be fully empowered 
to sell the said persons to any of the Eng- 



128 The Holders of Holderness 

lish nation at Virginia or Barbadoes, to 
answer the said fines." 

The attempTwas made to carry out this 
sentence, but, to the honor of the race, no 
one could be found in the colony of Massa- 
chusetts who would be a party to Endi- 
cott's malice, nor could a ship captain be 
discovered in any port who would on any 
terms carry the English free man and 
woman to slavery. This remarkable inci- 
dent is introduced because it was a direct 
result of the friendship of Christopher 
Holder, which Endicott made a blight 
upon all who were its recipients, and be- 
cause, in the nineteenth century, a descend- 
ant of Cassandra Southwick married a de- 
scendant of Christopher Holder — William 
Penn Holder. The poem, "Cassandra 
Southwick," by Whittier, himself a kins- 
man of the Holders, is a familiar one. 

To return to Christopher Holder again, 
we lindT the jail empty. Cassandra South- 
wick was released and sent home; Holder, 




John Greenleaf Whittier. 



The Holders of Holderness 129 

John Copeland, Richard Doudney and 
Mary Clark, banished. Christopher 
Holder took passage for England, and 
from there sailed to the West India Islands 
and traveled extensively; but his heart was 
in the work in the colony of Massachu- 
setts, where the martyrdom of Friends was 
still going on. In 1658 George Fox re- 
ceived a letter from him, dated Barbadoes, 
stating that he had sailed from that port in 
February for Rhode Island, via Bermuda. 
To return now meant not only the scourge, 
but worse — the loss of an ear, the brand, 
or a hot iron thrust through the tongue; 
yet this remarkable man, determined to 
again force his way into the Puritan 
stronghold. In the meantime, his former 
companion, John Copeland, had also de- 
cided to return, and, with William Brend, 
entered the colony of Plymouth. Here 
they found friends at court in the persons 
of Magistrates James Cudworth and Timo- 
thy Hatherly, of Scituate, who not only re- 



130 The Holders of Holderness 

fused to prosecute them, but allowed them 
to hold meetings at their house, and on 
their departure gave them the following 
pass: 

'These are, therefore, to any that may 
interrupt these two men in their passage, 
that ye let them pass quietly on their way, 
they offering no wrong to any. 

"Timothy Hatherly." 

Despite this, the Friends were arrested 
in Boston. Brend was held and suffered 
untold tortures, Eeing beaten so that he 
was given up as dead. John Copeland was 
released and went to Connecticut. Then, 
learning that Christopher Holder had 
landed in Rhode Island, he joined him, and 
the two friends passed eastward to Ply- 
mouth. 

There were now fifteen Friends laboring 
in New England, the original eleven who 
had crossed the ocean in the ''Woodhouse" 
with Holder, and Mary Dyer, of Rhode 



The Holders of Holderness 131 

Island, John Rous, William Leddra and 
Thomas Harris, of Barbadoes. This force 
and their converts were opposed to all New 
England. The people were stirred as never 
before, and the Quakers were constantly 
entering Boston. As soon as one party- 
was beaten, another appeared, and the 
Puritans wondered that these men could 
submit to such torture without complaint. 
On the 15th of April, 1658, Christopher 
Holder and John Copeland left Rhode 
Island, and on the 23d they attended a 
meeting of Friends at Sandwich, where 
they were promptly arrested by the mar- 
shal. The latter officer had received strict 
orders from Governor Endicott to enforce 
the laws, and to banish all Quakers without 
delay; and should they return, the select- 
men were ordered to see that they were 
whipped. 

The ministers were ordered to leave, but 
Christopher Holder repHed that ''if theyfelt 
it to be the will of their divine master, they 



132 The Holders of Holderness 

would do so, but on no other ground could 
they promise to leave Sandwich." The 
marshal then notified the selectmen that it 
was their duty to act, but they refused, 
whereupon he seized the two Quakers and 
marched them to Barnstable — a singular 
procession, as many of the converts of 
Holder and his friend insisted on following, 
that they might "cheer their brethren in 
bonds." The following are the names of 
some of the original eighteen families who 
became Friends, and doubtless many of 
them followed Christopher Holder and saw 
him scourged at Barnstable. They were 
Thomas Ewer, Robert Harper, Joseph Al- 
len, Edward Perry, George Allen, William 
Gififord, William Newland, Ralph Allen, 
Jr., John Jenkins, Henry Howland, Ralph 
Allen, Sr., Thomas Greenfield, Richard 
Kirby, William Allen, Daniel Wing, Peter 
Gaunt, Michael Turner, John Newland, 
Mathew Allen, all of whom, in 1658, were 



The Holders of Holderness 133 

fined from ten to one hundred pounds for 
refusing to take the oath. Nearly all are 
represented in Sandwich or vicinity to-day. 
A Mrs. Ewer is at the Friends' School in 
Providence; a Wing still Hves in the old 
Wing homestead; the Rowlands settled in 
New Bedford, and are prominent Friends 
to-day; the Aliens are a distinguished 
family in New England; and so with the 
others, the descendants in 1901 being in 
many instances still Friends, worthy de- 
scendants of the early martyrs. 

The Barnstable magistrate was heartily 
in accord with the marshal, and, after 
going through the form of an examination, 
he undertook the of^ce of executioner, 
bound the prisoners to a post in an out- 
house, and, with their friends as ''ear and 
eye witnesses to the cruelty," administered 
thirty-three lashes, cutting their naked 
backs until they ran with blood. The day 
following the whippings, when the victims 



134 The Holders of Holderness 

were better able to travel, they were taken 
to Sandwich and released, traveling to 
Rhode Island, doubtless to recover from 
their wounds among staunch friends. 



CHAPTER XII. 



REFUGE IN RHODE ISLAND. 



Christopher Holder Meets His First Wife.— Return to Boston. 

Banished on Pain of Death.— Ear Cut Off 

on Boston Common. 



Christopher Holder, seriously injured 
by his repeated beatings, found refuge in 
the home of Richard and Katherine Scott, 
Friends, or Quakers, of Providence, who 
tenderly cared for him until he regained his 
health, and not long after we learn that he 
was engaged to Mary Scott, a daughter of 
the family. The Scotts were influential 
people in the colony of Rhode Island, and 
were early converts to the religious convic- 
tions of Christopher Holder. Bishop says 
that Katherine Scott was a "grave, sober, 
ancient woman, of blameless conversation 
and of good education and circumstances," 
and Hutchinson, the historian, states that 

lO 



136 The Holders of Holderness 

she was ''well bred, being a minister's 
daughter in England, though a Quaker by 
conviction." Her sister was the famous 
Anne Marbury Hutchinson, the leader of 
the Antinomians in Boston, who, with her 
brother, John Wheelright, was banished 
from Massachusetts in 1637, and who was 
killed by the Indians at Hell Gate, N. Y., 
in 1643. The husband, Richard Scott, was 
a man of wealth and influence in the col- 
onies. Norton says: "Her husband, Rich- 
ard Scott, and eight or nine of her children 
also became convinced of our convictions.'' 
"The power of God," writes John Rous, 
"took place in all their children" (Norton's 
Ensign), and, according to Bowden, one of 
the daughters spoke as a minister, al- 
though but eleven years of age. In a 
biography of Mary Dyer by Horatio Rog- 
ers, associate justice of the Supreme Court 
of Rhode Island, 1896, a relative of Chris- 
topher Holder by marriage, is found the 
following reference to this family, into 



The Holders of Holderness 137 

which Christopher Holder married: 'The 
Scott family were staunch Quakers and 
very friendly with Mary Dyer." Still an- 
other daughter, Hannah Scott, married 
Walter Clarke, a young Quaker, and for a 
number of years governor of Rhode Island, 
and it is from her that the author (Horatio 
Rogers) is descended. Mrs. Katherine 
Scott's father was the Rev. Francis Mar- 
bury, of London, and her mother was 
sister of Sir Erasmus Dryden, Bart., grand- 
father of the poet. Such was the family 
into which Christopher Holder married, 
and in which we now find him recoverinsf 
from his last scourging at Barnstable. It 
is difficult for the reader in the twentieth 
century to realize the zeal which actuated 
these Quaker martyrs, which made them 
eager and wilHng to face death, branding 
and nameless tortures in emulation of Him 
who died upon the cross to save sinners. 
It was this sentiment which supported 
them. If Christ gave His life to save the 



138 The Holders of Holderness 

world, how then could his followers refuse 
to sacrifice their lives in His cause? Such 
was the philosophy of Christopher Holder 
and his friends, who now carried on this 
most unequal warfare against the religious 
tenets of the Puritans. Says Associate 
Justice Rogers, of the Supreme Court of 
Rhode Island: "Massachusetts law-mak- 
ers did not reckon upon the existence of a 
zeal, a courage, a heroism, call it what you 
will, that would break down and triumph 
over their determination, which was well 
nigh relentless. They had never seen a 
self-sacrifice that conquered by its very 
submissiveness, and overwhelmed persecu- 
tors by a surfeit of victims offering them- 
selves for sacrifice. The Quakers," he 
continues, "were absolutely fearless. They 
counted their lives as nothing in upholding 
their views, and they not only did not 
avoid martyrdom, but they studiously 
courted it; and therein lay their power and 
the secret of their final triumph." 




Friends' Meeting House at Owstwick (Holderness), England, where 
Christopher Holder and George Fox preached. 



The Holders of Holderness 139 

News from Boston was not wholly re- 
assuring. Humphrey Norton, William 
Brend, John Rous and others were being 
brutally beaten and treated there, and a 
new law had been enacted to the effect that 
if Quakers in jail would not work, they 
were to be whipped regularly twice a week, 
the first whipping to be with ten strokes, 
the second with fifteen, and every subse- 
quent whipping with an addition of three 
"until further orders," the victims to which 
other than the above being William Led- 
dra, afterwards hung by order of Endicott, 
and Thomas Harris. This brutality so 
aroused the people that their fines w^ere 
raised by public subscription, and the four 
Friends sent to Providence. When they 
reached Rhode Island, Christopher Holder 
was just convalescent after his Barnstable 
scourging, and, as Boston was now left 
without any Friends to carry on the work, 
he decided to go there, with John Cope- 
land, who arrived in Providence about this 



140 The Holders of H older ness 

time. The two men well knew what was 
before them. They might, according to 
the edict, lose an ear, be branded, perhaps 
whipped to death after the manner of John 
Brend, but all this had no terrors for 
them, and on the 3d of June, 1658, they 
left Providence, soon reaching Dedham. 
Before they had an opportunity to preach, 
the emissaries of Endicott heard of their 
presence, arrested them and sent them to 
Boston, where they were at once carried 
to the house of Governor Endicott, whO' 
flew into a violent rage upon seeing and 
recognizing them as the ministers who had 
repeatedly defied him. ''You shall have 
your ear cut off," he shouted. "That men 
who had been imprisoned," says Bowden, 
"and whipped and banished for their relig- 
ious opinions, should still persist in the 
advocacy of them, with the certainty of in- 
curring increased severities, was what the 
darkened mind of Endicott could not com- 
prehend." The scene must have been a 



The Holders of Holderness 141 

striking one. The manacled Quakers 
standing by the officers, cool, perfectly at 
their ease, regardless of abuse, accepting 
everything as a part of their work without 
complaint. Their very equipoise was mad- 
dening to the narrow-minded man who was 
their superior by virtue of his office, their 
inferior in intelligence or breeding. He 
vainly endeavored to extort from them 
some remark which might be used against 
them. "What! You remain in the same 
opinion you were before?" he cried, won- 
dering, despite his rage, what manner of 
men these were. "We remain in the fear 
of the Lord," responded Holder. "Why 
do you return?" then asked Governor 
Endicott; "you know the law." "The 
Lord God hath commanded us, and we 
could not but come," replied Christopher 
Holder. "The Lord command you to 
come?" exclaimed the governor; "it was 
Satan;" and, turning to Rawson, his secre- 
tary, he directed that the following order 



142 The Holders of Holderness 

should be made out, here copied from 
Besse: 

'To the Keeper of the House of Correc- 
tion: 

''You are by virtue hereof, required to 
take into your custody the bodies of Chris- 
topher Holder and John Copeland, and 
them safely to keep close to work, with 
prisoners' diet only, till their ears be cut 
off; and not suffer them to converse with 
any, while they are in your custody. 

"Edward Rawson, Secretary'' 

The ministers were thrust into a noisome 
jail, and for three days the jailer starved 
them because they would not work. A 
few days later they were joined by their 
friend, John Rous, who had been arrested. 
The Court of Assistants assembled in Bos- 
ton the 7th of July, 1658, and the three 
friends were taken, manacled, before it and 
subjected to a long and rigorous question- 
ing as to why they had returned. They 
were then remanded, and again taken be- 



The Holders of Holderness 143 

fore the court to receive sentence, which 
was that each should have the right ear cut 
off, a degrading punishment, originally 
devised by the Star Chamber, in England, 
which, in 1634, ordered that WiUiam 
Pyrnne, Henry Burton and Dr. Bostwick 
should have their ears cut off at a scaffold 
in Palace Yard, Westminster, an order 
which was carried out against these Puri- 
tans, who now applied the same treatment 
to the Quakers. 

The sentence created intense excitement 
in Boston. Many began to feel that the 
charges against the Quakers were unjust 
and without reason, also many converts 
had been made, both factions forming the 
nucleus of an anti-Puritan party. As the 
news was spread broadcast and reached 
Rhode Island, Friends at once started for 
Boston to protest against the injustice and 
to give the victims theii moral support. 
Among them were Cassandra and Law- 
rence Southwick, Samuel Shattuck, who 



144 ^^^ Holders of Holderness 

had entertained Christopher Holder, Wil- 
Ham Newland and others of Sandwich. 
Among the women who came to Boston 
was Katherine Scott, of Providence, who 
had so recently entertained Christopher 
Holder. She created much excitement by 
her bold advocacy of the prisoners, her in- 
fluence and position in the colony of Rhode 
Island being well known. She went be- 
fore Endicott and remonstrated with him 
on ''this barbarous act," and was detained 
as a prisoner for her temerity and subjected 
to a rigorous examination, during which 
she was told that "they were likely to have 
a law to hang her if she came there again." 
To which she replied, "If God calls us, woe 
be to us if we come not, and I question not 
but He whom we love, will make us not 
count our lives dear unto ourselves for the 
sake of His name." To which Endicott re- 
plied, "And we shall be as ready to take 
away your lives, as ye shall be to lay them 
down." She was released, with a warning. 



The Holders of Holderness 145 

In the meantime, Christopher Holder an- 
nounced to the court that he wished to ap- 
peal to OUver Cromwell against its deci- 
sion, to which reply was made that if they 
opened their mouths again the gag would 
be appHed. 

On the 17th of July the sentence was to 
be carried out, and, heaiing it was to be 
enforced privately by their executioner in 
the jail, Katherine Scott made another 
protest, saying that "It was evident they 
were going to act the works of darkness or 
else they would have brought them forth 
publickly and have declared their offence 
that others may hear and fear." The truth 
was that so hostile had the public become 
at these exhibitions, that Endicott feared 
to risk a public execution; hence it was 
carried out in private. But Katherine 
Scott had protested too much. She was 
arrested for this last offense, committed to 
prison, and given ten stripes with the knot- 
ted cord at the hands of the executioner — 



146 The Holders of Holderness 

an act which aroused the greatest feeling- 
in the colony of Rhode Island. On the 
17th of July, Christopher Holder, John 
Rous and John Copeland had their right 
ears cut off by the hangman, and, as they 
stood bleeding, the latter asked if they re- 
pented and how they liked it. Their reply 
was, '*In the strength of God we suffered 
joyfully, having freely given up not only 
one member, but all, if the Lord so re- 
quired, for the sealing of our testimony 
which the Lord hath given us." Sewell 
gives the following account of the incident: 

" 'To the marshal-general, or to his 
deputy: You are to take with you the 
executioner, and repair to the house of cor- 
rection, and there see him cut off the 
right ears of John Copeland, Christopher 
Holder, and John Rous, Quakers; in exe- 
cution of the sentence of the court of as- 
sistants, for the breach of the law, entitled 

Quakers. 

" 'Edward Rawson, Secretary f 



The Holders of Holderness 147 

'Then the prisoners were brought into 
another room, where John Rous said to 
the marshal, 'We have appealed to the 
chief magistrate of England.' To which 
he answered, he had nothing to do with 
that. Holder said, 'Such execution as this 
should be done publicly, and not in private: 
for this was contrary to the law of Eng- 
land.' But Captain OUver said, 'We do it 
in private to keep you from tattling/ 
Then the executioner took Holder, and 
when he had turned aside his hair, and 
was going to cut off his ear, the marshal 
turned his back on him, which made Rous 
say, Turn about and see it; for so was his 
order/ The marshal then, though filled 
with fear, turned and said, 'Yes, yes, let 
us look on it.' Rous, who was more un- 
daunted than his persecutor, suffered the 
like, as well as the third, and they said, 
'Those that do it ignorantly, we desire from 
our hearts the Lord to forgive them; but 
for them that do it maliciously, let our 



148 The Holders of Holderness 

blood be upon their heads; and such shall 
know in the day of account, that every 
drop of our blood shall be as heavy upon 
them as a millstone.' Afterwards these 
persons were whipped again; but, this prac- 
tice becoming so common in New England 
as if it was but play, I will not detain my 
reader with it." 

The mutilated ministers, showing no 
evidence of fear, or that they purposed to 
change their methods, were detained in 
jail, and, according to the law, beaten twice 
a week, finally, after nine weeks of this 
punishment, being released. 



CHAPTER XIII. 



BANISHMENT ON PAIN OF DEATH. 



Fanatical Puritan Priests.— Norton and Wilson the Cause of 
Much of the Sufferings of the Friends. 



Rev. John Norton (who, according to 
Oldmixon, in his "British Empire in Amer- 
ica," was at the head of all Quaker suf- 
fering in America), a Puritan pastor of the 
First Church, who had been the bitterest 
enemy of the Quakers, foreseeing that they 
would return again, induced the magis- 
trates to pass a still more stringent law; 
ear-cutting, boring the tongue, branding 
the hand with H (heretic), the pillory and 
stocks, the whipping post and banishment, 
were all too simple for this reverend spirit. 
The Rev. John Wilson, another pastor of 
the Boston First Church, of blessed mem- 
ory, cried, 'T would carry fire in one hand 
and fagots in the other, to burn all the 



150 The Holders of Holderness 

Quakers in the world. Hang them!" he 
cried, ''or else" — drawing his finger across 
his throat in a suggestive manner. Such 
was the strenuous life in Boston in 1658. 
As a result of the demands of these clergy- 
men of the town, the following act was 
passed a few weeks after Christopher 
Holder was released, or on the 20th of Oc- 
tober, being evidently designed to end the 
career of this ecclesiastical knight should 
he ever return to the colony of Massachu- 
setts. The act, which is a long one, ends 
as follows: 'They shall be sentenced to 
banishment upon pain of death; and any 
one magistrate, upon information given 
him of any such person, shall cause him to 
be apprehended, and shall commit any such 
person to prison, acording to his discre- 
tion, until he come to trial, as aforesaid." 
''Here," says Sewell, the historian, "ends 
this sanguinary act, being more like to the 
decrees of the Spanish Inquisition than to 
the laws of a reformed Christian magis- 



The Holders of Holderness 151 

tracy, consisting of such, who, to shun per- 
secution themselves (which was but a small 
fine for not frequenting public worship), 
had left Old England." 

The reader who has followed the steps 
of this martyr of the Friends will not be- 
lieve that Christopher Holder would obey 
the mandates, often broken, of banishment, 
or be intimidated by the brutal act passed 
with so much difficulty. When liberated 
from jail, his health being impaired, he 
went south, where he joined William Rob- 
inson, described as his loving friend, and, 
together with Robert Hodgson, they car- 
ried on their gospel labors in Virginia and 
Maryland until early in 1659, when they 
returned to Rhode Island. It appears from 
a letter written by Peter Pearson in Ply- 
mouth prison, that all the Friends met in 
Rhode Island, April 9, 1659, to arrange for 
future work. Christopher Holder and 
William Robinson had previously decided 
to go to Boston and vicinity, and Bishop 
II 



152 TJie Holders of H older ness 

gives the following reference to the cause 
of their departure: ''In traveUng betwixt 
Newport and the house of Daniel Gould, 
on Rhode Island, with my dear brother 
Christopher Holder, the word of the Lord 
came expressly unto me, and commanded 
me to pass to the town of Boston, my hfe 
to lay down in his will, for the accomplish- 
ing of his service; to which heavenly voice 
I presently yielded obedience, not question- 
ing the Lord." 

The journey was soon begun, and, at her 
earnest solicitation, Christopher Holder al- 
lowed Patience Scott, who was later to be- 
come his sister-in-law, to accompany them. 
She was but eleven years of age, yet had 
developed a remarkable talent for speaking, 
and seemed possessed of wisdom far beyond 
her age. Her appearance in Boston, and 
her subsequent experiences, created a pro- 
found sensation. 

The three men knew that there could be 
but one result of their journey. They had 



The Holders of Holderness 153 

all been banished under pain of death, yet 
faced it without regret. That they suc- 
ceeded in avoiding arrest for some weeks 
is evident, as, in a letter to friends in Eng- 
land, William Robinson mentions having 
received a letter from Christopher Holder 
in May, 1659, in which he says, "Was in 
service at Salem last week, and hath had 
fine service among Friends in these parts." 
Their time of freedom was short. Marma- 
duke Stephenson and WilHam Robinson 
were arrested; then Patience Scott was 
jailed for protesting against their sentence, 
and last, Christopher Holder was appre- 
hended in the streets of Boston and thrown 
into jail. As a result, the courts, fearing 
public opinion, sentenced them again, with 
the exception of Patience Scott, to banish- 
ment, under pain of death, giving them the 
customary beating and a few days in which 
to leave. But, to the consternation of 
Endicott and Norton, the Friends paid no 
attention to the w^arnine:. William Robin- 



154 The Holders of Holderness 

son and Marmaduke Stephenson held 
many meetings in and about Salem and 
Lynn, in the fields and by-ways, while 
Christopher Holder traveled in the north 
of Massachusetts, then returning to Bos- 
ton, where he was arrested and thrown into 
jail in August, 1659. The magistrates were 
amazed at this utter disregard of the death 
penalty, and, urged by the Rev. Norton, 
wholesale arrests were made and prepara- 
tions for the execution of some of the 
Quakers begun. Numbers of Friends now 
came to Boston to see Christopher Holder, 
among them Hope Clifton, of a well-known 
Rhode Island family, who later became his 
second wife. It is she from whom the au- 
thor is descended. With her came Mary 
Dyer and Mary Scott. Bowden says: 
''Mary Dyer, under a feeUng of religious 
constraint, returned to Boston, accompa- 
nied by Hope Clifton, a Friend, of Rhode 
Island. They entered the city the 8th of 
the eighth month, and on the following 



The Holders of Holderiiess 155 

morning proceeded to the gaol to visit 
Christopher Holder, and were recognized 
and arrested." 

In rapid succession friends of Christo- 
pher Holder were thrown into jail — Robert 
Harper, Daniel and Provided Southwick, 
Nicholas Upshal. A few days later Robin- 
son and Stephenson came from Salem, 
heading a remarkable procession of 
Friends, who accompanied them to witness 
their execution. They were Daniel Gould, 
Hannah Phelps, William King, Mary 
Trask, Margaret Smith and Alice Cowland. 
'The latter," says Bishop, ''brought linen 
to wrap the dead bodies of those who were 
to suflfer." All these persons were met by 
the constables, arrested and thrown into 
jail, the two ministers being loaded with 
chains. There were now seventeen per- 
sons in jail, and Bancroft says, "The 
Quakers swarmed when they were feared." 
For some reason, in all probability the fact 
that his family or connections in England 



156 The Holders of Holderness 

were of paramount influence with the 
reigning powers, Governor Endicott found 
it convenient to omit sentencing Chris- 
topher Holder to death, though he had 
once, if not twice, been banished under pain 
of death, and had been the recipient of the 
maximum amount of maHgnity in the form 
of every possible indignity and torture; but 
the other Friends — Stephenson, Robinson 
and Mary Dyer — were sentenced to death. 
History has made the story a familiar one. 
The men were executed on Boston Com- 
mon and died as brave men, courageous to 
the last, and to the disgrace of the church, 
taunted by one of its most despicable repre- 
sentatives in history — the Rev. John Wil- 
son, pastor of the First Church. The men 
walked to the gallows with their hats on, 
and this clergyman cried out, according to 
Sewell, ''Shall such Jacks as you come in 
before authority with their hats on?" And 
again, as the Friends said their last words, 
''bade them hold their tongues." William 



The Holders of Holderness 157 

Robinson's last words were, ''I suffer for 
Christ for whom I live and for whom I die." 
Marmaduke Stephenson said, "We suffer 
not as evil doers, but for conscience sake; 
this day shall we be at rest with the Lord.", 
And so they died, brave men, battUng for 
one of the purest and most logical religious 
beliefs known to Orthodoxy. They died 
like heroes, but their bodies were cast like 
those of dogs into a pit to lie, a warning to 
other Quakers. "Protestantism," says 
Howden, "at least, has not an equal to this 
atrocious transaction." Mary Dyer, whose 
descendants are among the honored fami- 
lies of Rhode Island, was reprieved, but 
upon a second offense was hung. The other 
Friends with Christopher Holder were 
kept in jail for two months and then taken 
before the court for examination. Their 
sentence was, the men fifteen stripes each; 
the older women ten stripes each, for which 
they were stripped in the public streets and 
beaten before the mob. Alice Cowland, 



158 The Holders of Holderness 

Hannah Phelps, Hope CHfton and Mary 
Scott were deUvered over to Governor 
Endicott for admonition, while Christopher 
Holder for reasons best known to the gov- 
ernor and suggested above, was for the sec- 
ond time banished on pain of death. An 
order to the court was issued to this effect, 
of which the following is a copy taken from 
the Colonial Records, October 18, 1659: 

''Whereas, Christopher Holder, a 
Quaker, hath suffered what the law for- 
merly appointed, after being sent to Eng- 
land without punishment, presumptuously 
coming into this jurisdiction without leave 
first obtained, the Court judgeth it meete 
to sentence him to banishment on pain of 
death; in case he be found within this juris- 
diction three days after the next ship now 
bound from hence to England be departed 
from this harbor, and between this and the 
ship's departure, with the keeper at his 
own charge, he shall have liberty one day in 
a week to go about his business, and in 



The Holders of Holderness 159 

case he shall choose to go out of this juris- 
diction sooner on the penalty aforesaid, he 
shall by order from the Governor or Dep- 
uty-Governor be discharged the prison, so 
as he stay not above three days after his 
discharge from the prison in this jurisdic- 



CHAPTER XIV. 



CHRISTOPHER HOLDER AGAIN BANISHED. 



Leaves for England.— Marries Mary Scott.— Labors in England. 
Appeal to the King. — The King's Messenger.— Samuel 
Shattuck and His Return. — Downfall of Endi- 
cott. — Respite for the Quakers. 



When Christopher Holder was muti- 
lated by having his ear cut off he en- 
deavored to appeal to Cromwell to demand 
that the laws of England be observed in the 
colonies, and now it was proposed to make 
an appeal in person to the king. For this 
purpose several Friends accompanied the 
banished man. Among them was his affi- 
anced wife, Mary Scott, who had been re- 
leased from jail and admonished by Gov- 
ernor Endicott. This banishment from the 
colony was in the nature of a wedding trip, 
as in June, 1660, Holder was married at 



1 62 The Holders of Holderness 

Olveston, near Bristol, England. On the 
records she is described as ''Mary Scott, 
daughter of Richard and Katherine Scott." 

The following is the ofificial record of 
the marriage from the General Register 
of^ce, Somerset House, England: 

''Christopher Holder of 'Orsott' with- 
in the yift of Olveston in the countie afore- 
said and Mary his wife formerly called 
Mary Scott whose dwelling was within the 
jurisdiction of Boston in New England did 
take each other to be man and wife that is 
to say that Christopher Holder did in the 
public meeting of the people of God held 
at Olveston in the Countie aforesaid on 
the 1 2th day of the 6th month called 
August in the year i66o take the aforesaid 
Mary Scott to be his wife and the said 
Mary there and then did also take the said 
Christopher to be her husband and to live 
together in mutuall love and fellowship in 
the faith till by Death they were sepa- 
rated." 



The Holders of H older ness 163 

^Christopher Holder, Samuel Shattuck 
and several others immediately conferred 
with George Fox and his friends, and 
doubtless the American Friend with but 
one ear had no difficulty in convincing 
people that the paths of the Quakers in the 
colonies were not strewn with roses. Grave 
political changes were now imminent. The 
Quakers were hoping for the restoration 
of Charles Stewart, and George Fox, 
Christopher Holder and other Friends were 
holding public meetings in various parts of 
England, often abused and insulted, but 
yet protected by General Monk, who was 
then the head of the army. He issued the 
following order: 

*I am indebted to Isaac Sharp, Secretary of the 
Central Offices of the Society of Friends, of Lon- 
don, Eng., for records of this marriage. On it the 
residence of Christopher is given as Urcott, Parish 
of Olveston, County of Gloucester, and the mar- 
riage was consummated at Olveston, in the 
monthly meeting of Frenchay. Mary Scott's resi- 
dence is given as Boston, New England, and the 
date of her marriage June 12, 1660. 



164 The Holders of Holderness 

"St. James, March 9, 1659-60. 
"I do require all officers and soldiers to 
forbear to disturb the peaceable meetings 
of the Quakers, they doing nothing preju- 
dicial to the Parliament or commonwealth 
of England. ^George Monk." 

That the appeals of the Quakers had 
some effect is shown from the following 
extract from Charles Stewart's famous 
proclamation from Breda: 

"And because the passion and uncharit- 
ableness of the times have produced several 
opinions in religion; by which men are en- 
gaged in parties and animosities against 
each other, which, when they shall here- 
after unite, in a freedom of conversation, 
will be composed, or better understood; we 
do declare a liberty to tender consciences, and 
that no man shall be disquieted, or called in 
question, for differences of opinion in matter 
of religion, which do not disturb the peace 
of the kingdom; and that we shall be ready 



The Holders of Holderness 165 

to consent to such an act of Parliament, as, 
upon mature deliberation, shall be offered 
to us for the full granting of the in- 
dulgence." 

Charles the Second was restored to the 
throne in May, and to a Friend, Richard 
Hubberthorn, he said: "Of this you may 
be assured, that you shall none of you suffer 
for your opinions or religion so long as you 
live peaceably, and you have the word of 
the king for it, and I have also given forth 
a declaration for the purpose that none 
shall wrong you or abuse you." 

The king now released about seven hun- 
dred Quakers from jails in England. When 
the news of the downfall of the Puritan 
party and the restoration reached America 
Endicott and his friends became alarmed 
and realized that they must justify the 
murders of Robinson, Stephenson and 
Dyer and the maltreatment of Holder and 
his banishment on pain of death. They 
accordingly got up a petition in which the 



1 66 The Holders of Holderness 

Friends were denounced in the most re- 
markable terms — evidence, if no other ex- 
isted, of their malice and the fear and in- 
justice which filled the hearts of Endicott, 
Wilson, Rawson, Norton and Bellingham 
at this time. This tissue of lies was taken 
to England by agents of Endicott, but 
Christopher Holder, Samuel Shattuck and 
John Copeland were in London, and their 
friend, Edward Burroughs, provided by 
them with the facts, made the king his 
well-known address. He did not stop here; 
his eloquent appeal to justice was followed 
by a complete presentation of the facts re- 
lating to the outrages against Christopher 
Holder, Samuel Shattuck and others by 
George Bishop, of Bristol, who in 1661 pro- 
duced his book, ''New England Judged,'* 
which was presented to the king and read 
by him. The result was decisive. The 
king determined to end the outrages per- 
petrated in the colonies in the name of re- 
ligion, and responded in a paper which left 



The Holders of Holderness 167 

no doubt but that the Quakers were at last 
to be protected. A mandamus was ad- 
dressed to Endicott ordering that all 
Quakers in jail be released and sent to 
England. Probably with a view to thor- 
oughly humiliating Endicott, Burroughs 
asked the king that one of the banished 
Friends might be the bearer of the man- 
damus, and Samuel Southwick, the inti- 
mate friend of Christopher Holder, the 
man who in the First church of Salem, 
1656, had prevented him from being stran- 
gled, and who had been banished and de- 
prived of his property for his staunch 
friendship for Holder and his loyalty to the 
doctrine of Friends, who desired to return 
to his family, was appointed. No more ob- 
noxious selection could have been made, 
and doubtless the little coterie of Friends 
who now had the king's ear were not en- 
tirely without a sense of humor. The Eng- 
lish Friends raised the money at once to 
hire a ship. Ralph Goldsmith was ap- 



1 68 The Holders of Holderness 

pointed master, and they dispatched her 
with Samuel Shattuck and many Friends as 
passengers, who embraced this opportunity 
to return, and in six weeks she entered the 
Boston harbor. The following day Shat- 
tuck and the captain waited on the gov- 
ernor at his house, and the former stood 
face to face with the man who had insulted 
and banished him, now a king's messenger. 
The amazement of Endicott and his chagrin 
can be imagined. He did not dare to obey 
the mandamus and send his prisoners to 
England to become witnesses against him- 
self. Christopher Holder and Samuel 
Shattuck had accomplished harm enough, 
so to avoid ''so dangerous a doctrine" he 
disobeyed the order and discharged the 
prisoners, who held meetings of rejoicing 
in all parts of the colonies. The famous 
poem, "The King's Messenger," by Whit- 
tier, is founded on this incident. 

Endicott now sent a deputation to Lon- 
don to clear him, if possible, selecting the 



The Holders of Holderness 169 

notorious Norton, who had been a prom- 
inent figure in all the barbarities practiced, 
and an equally unsavory person, a prose- 
cuting magistrate named Simon Brad- 
street, famous as a ''Quaker baiter." These 
men denied all participation in the extreme 
proceedings in Boston, but John Copeland 
and Christopher Holder, each with but one 
ear, were in London, and with George Fox 
as spokesman, charged them with murder, 
and, hearing that the father of the mur- 
dered Robinson was coming to make 
charges against them, they literally fled. 
Bowden says: "This mission was a com- 
plete failure." The historian Neal writes: 
''When the Rev. Norton came home (to 
Boston) his friends were shy of him, and 
some of the people told him to his face that 
he had lain the foundation of the ruin of 
their liberties, which struck him to the 
heart and brought him to such a melan- 
choly habit of body as to hasten his death." 



CHAPTER XV. 



CHRISTOPHER HOLDER AGAIN IN AMERICA. 



Married Life.— Wife's Dowry Isle of Patience in Narragansett 

Bay.— Friends Again Persecuted.- Travels with George 

Fox.— Committed to Prison in England and Kept 

There Four Years.— Sylvester Monument 

at Shelter Island.— Second Wife. 



Christopher Holder soon returned to 
America, and while living in Newport he 
traveled over the country, aiding in or- 
ganizing meetings whenever opportunity 
offered. Having abundant means, he made 
many voyages to England and Barbadoes, 
devoting himself to the cause to which he 
had given his life. In 1663 he traveled ex- 
tensively in New England with Joseph 
Nichols, a minister lately arrived from 
England. The latter refers to him as fol- 
lows in a letter to George Fox, dated at 
Barbadoes, December, 1663: 



172 The Holders of Holderness 

''George Fox, Dearly and well beloved in 
the Lord. My love is to thee. I should be 
Glad to hear from thee if it might be. I re- 
ceived a letter from thee in New England, 
written to Christopher Holder and me, 
wherein I was refreshed." 

Christopher Holder lived in Providence 
and later in Newport, owning fifty acres of 
land there, and evidently also had an estate 
and home in England. 

His first wife received as a wedding gift 
the island of Patience, in Narragansett Bay, 
originally owned by Roger Williams. The 
following is a copy of the deed, for which 
the author is indebted to Martin B. Scott, 
of Cleveland: 

"To all people to whom these presents 
shall come, Richard Scott of Providence 
in ye Colony of Rhode Island and Provi- 
dence Plantations etc. sendeth greeting. 
Whereas I Richard Scott, did many years 
since, for and in consideration of a marriage 
then had and consummated between Chris- 



The Holders of Holdcniess 173 

topher Holder and Mary ye daughter of 
ye sd Richard Scott fully and absolutely 
Give, grant and pass over unto ye sd Chris- 
topher Holder and Mary his wife and ye 
heairs of ye two bodys, Lawfully begotten, 
the Island commonly called and known by 
ye name of Patience lying and being in ye 
Narragansett Bay in ye Colony Aforesdt 
together wth all and singular the meadows, 
feedinds, Pastures, Wast Grounds, heath, 
woods, underwoods. Waters, Fishings, 
fishing places, Stream, Banks, Ponds and 
all other Liberties, Advantages, Privileges, 
Profits, Commodities, Emoluments, He- 
reditaryments, whatever to ye sd Island, 
or part or parcel of it belonging, or in any 
way appertaining. Although ye sd Rich- 
ard Scott may not have given such full firm 
and absolute conveyance for ye sd Island 
as ye Law doth require, and whereas also 
since ye sd gift by me made, my sd daugh- 
ter is Deceased, and hath left such issue 
surviving as Above Expressed. 



174 ^^^^ Holders of Holderness 

''Now Know ye that I ye sd Richard 
Scott being Desirous to prevent any future 
Troubles, Inconveniences or Disputes, that 
otherwise may arise, and to Convey and 
Settle ye sd Island according to ye True 
Intent and Meaning of my Grant Afore re- 
cited. Do therefore by these presents, for 
my heirs Executr's and Admr's fully clearly 
and absolutely Give Grant Alien Enfeoff 
and Confirm unto him ye sd Christopher 
Holder and his heirs on ye body of my sd 
Daughter Lawfuly begotten and thear 
Heirs forever, and for want of such Issue, 
to ye Right of him ye sd Christopher 
Holder for ever, the Island named Patience 
and all and Singular ye Premises above 
mentioned. To have and to hold ye island 
and all and Singular ye Premises above 
Expressed unto him ye sd Christopher 
Holder for and during ye Term of his 
natural Life, to his own use and behoof, 
and after his Decease to his heirs on ye 
Body of his Wife Lawfully begotten and 



The Holders of Holderness 175 

thear heirs of thear two bodys Lawfully be- 
gotten forever, and for want of such Issue, 
To ye right heairs of ye sd Christopher 
Holder forever; & ye sd Richard Scot for 
me my heirs Executs and Admrs Do here- 
by Covenant, Promise, Grant & Agree to 
and with ye sd Christopher Holder and his 
Exectrs & Adminstrs to ye sd Island 
named Patience and every parcel Thereof 
together wth and Singular the Premises, 
Shall henceforth forever remain & continue 
unto him ye sd Christopher Holder and his 
heirs in manner and form above expressed, 
freely & clearly Acquitted, Exhonerated, 
& Discharged of and from all and manner 
of former Bargains & Sales, Gifts, Grants, 
Leases, Jointure, Dowers, Thirds, or any 
other Title, Trouble, or Encumbrance, 
whatever, had, made, sufifered, or Done, or 
to be had, made, suffered or Done, by me 
ye sd Richard Scott, or by any other person, 
or persons whatever, by my means, Title, 
Assent, Concent, or procurement. And I 



176 The Holders of Holderness 

ye sd Richard Scott, the sd Island named 
Patience, together wth all and Singular the 
Premises, above by these presents Granted, 
unto him ye sd Christopher Holder and his 
heirs in manner and form as above Ex- 
pressed, against me and my heirs and As- 
signs, will warrant and forever Defend by 
thes presents. 

"In witness whereof, I have hereunto set 
my hand and Seal the sixth and twentieth 
day of February, in ye Eight and twen- 
tieth-years of ye reign of Our Sovereign 
Lord Charles ye second King of England 
Anno. Dom 1675. 

''Richard Scott. [seal.] 
''Signed & Delivered in ye presence of 
"Thomas Clifton, [seal.] 
"Walter Clarke, [seal.] 
"Walter Newbury, [seal.]'' 

Christopher Holder was married twice, 
as we have seen; first to Mary Scott, of 
Providence, who presented him with two 
daughters — Mary and Elizabeth. Mary 




Mrs. Russell Sage. 



The Holders of Holderness 177 

married Peleg Slocum, a minister of the 
Society of Friends, in 1680, and in 1684 
they moved to Dartmouth. In 1694 Peleg 
was named one of the proprietors in con- 
formitory deed of Governor Bradford. He 
was a staunch Quaker, and in 1699 built 
the first meeting house in Dartmouth. "It 
was 35 feet long, 30 feet wide and 14 feet 
stud." Peleg was a minister of the society 
of Friends. He died in 1783, and left his 
wife $200 a year. If she married, $100, 
and to his son, Holder Slocum, 429 acres 
southerly part of the homestead and one- 
half of Cuttyhunk island. The manor house 
went to the grandchildren. From these are 
descended many of the American Slocums 
among the Friends, well known members 
of the family being Mrs. Russell Sage and 
Dr. Barker Newhall. 

Christopher Holder's second wife, Hope 
Clifton, was his friend and companion and 
that of his wife. She was the daughter of 
Thomas and Mary Butterworth CHfton, 



178 The Holders of Holderness 

formerly of Olveston, Gloucestershire, 
England. They were married in Provi- 
dence in 1666. 

Thomas Clifton was a man of culture, 
wealth and education, a descendant of 
an old and distinguished family of Roos, 
Holderness, England. Clifton, of Glouces- 
tershire, was named after the family whose 
members married into the noble fam- 
ilies of England long before the time 
of the Conqueror. One of the daughters, 
Eleanor Clifton, married a son of Sir John 
Constable, of the manor of Burton-Con- 
stable, one of the most beautiful places in 
England to-day, having been in the family 
since the time of Sir John Constable, 
Knight (1346). Thomas Clifton came to 
America in 1641 with the Puritans, an 
eminent advocate of their views, and that 
he might enjoy reHgious freedom. (The 
Clifton arms are sable, a lion rampant, int. 
12 cinque foils, arg.) The Cliftons were 
early converts to the preaching of Chris- 



The Holders of Holderness 179 

topher Holder and had entertained him on 
many occasions, and at her father's house 
Christopher Holder met Hope, who was a 
minister and associated with many of 
his experiences. The Cliftons originally 
settled in Concord, Mass., in 1641, in 1643 
moving to Providence. 

By this marriage Christopher Holder 
had seven children. They were Chris- 
topher, Hope, Patience, Patience 2d, John 
(who died in infancy), Content and Anne. 
Of these John, Content, Anne and Patience 
died young, and it has been found impos- 
sible to trace Hope. Christopher, Jr., 
settled in his native town of Newport and 
became a large property owner there. 
There is a deed recorded by Richard Ward, 
Recorder, October 6, 171 5, showing that 
he sold, July 9, 1692, to Rodger Golding, 
fifty acres of land in Newport formerly 
owned by his grandfather, Thomas Clifton, 
and before him to his father, Christopher 
Holder. This was sold for $500 — sug- 



i8o The Holders of Holderness 

gestive of the advance in values in New- 
port in two hundred years. 

George Fox in his journal refers to the 
presence of Christopher Holder with him 
in New York in 1672 in the following: 
'The same day James Lancaster and Chris- 
topher Holder went over the bay to Rye 
on the continent in Governor Winthrop's 
government and had meeting there." 
Again he is referred to as having been at 
Jamaica, where a meeting was held. Soon 
after this Christopher Holder visited Eng- 
land to protest against the indignities per- 
petrated upon Friends. In May, 1682, he 
was committed to prison on a warrant is- 
sued by Justice Hunt for refusing to take 
the oath of allegiance. Two days later at 
the Charter Session the oath was again 
presented to him, and again he refused to, 
swear, though willing to affirm or declare. 
On the 28th of May he was preaching in 
Bellipoole, when Giles Ball, of Somerset- 
shire, keeper of the Illchester gaol, entered 



The Holders of Holderness i8i 

the house and ordered him to desist, and 
after the meeting he was arrested, and after 
being confined in jail he was sent to Laun- 
ceston Castle, Cornwall, England, where 
George Fox and others were confined for 
nearly a year in 1656 while Christopher 
Holder and his friends were attempting to 
reach New England. 

Almost every Friend around Bristol was 
now in jail, and hundreds were imprisoned 
all over England. According to Bowden, 
"Holder was a prisoner in all more than 
four years and a half till the 12th month, 
1685." His pardon came with the accession 
of James the Second, who released the 
Quakers from jails all over England and 
gave them liberty of conscience. Broken 
in health by his long imprisonment and by 
the many terrible experiences he had 
passed through, Christopher Holder re- 
tired to his home. In his last years he still 
took an active part in the meetings of the 
Society for which he had devoted his life. 



1 82 The Holders of H older ness 

With William Penn, George Fox, Edward 
Burroughs and others he was a sturdy 
figure standing out in strong relief in this 
era of intolerance and bigotry, and one of 
the advance guards of the culture and re- 
finement of the following centuries. He 
died at Ircott, in the parish of Almonds- 
bury, on the 13th of April, 1688, and Hes 
at Hazell. "Having been described as a 
young man during his first visit to New 
England," says Bowden, "his age probably 
did not exceed sixty. He was a minister 
about thirty-three years, and to him, we 
doubt not, the language of the Psalmist 
may be applied, 'Mark the perfect man and 
behold the upright, for the end of that man 
is peace.' " Christopher Holder spent his 
life fighting for a principle, a corner stone 
of the highest civilized governments of to- 
day, — religious liberty. During the years 
of his ministry 13,562 Quakers were im- 
prisoned, 152 transported, 338 died in 
prison of their wounds; many were exe- 



The Holders of Holderness 183 

cuted, branded and banished. Few men in 
the history of the world have made a better 
fight for liberty of conscience. Among the 
old Friends it was the custom to report the 
sufferings of Friends to the quarterly 
meetings, and herewith are those of the 
ancestor of the Quaker American Holders, 
given briefly as an example of suffering for 
conscience sake: 

Sufferings of Christopher Holder, a Min- 
ister of the Society of Friends. 
1655— 1688. 
I- 1655- Jailed in Illchester, England, 
for refusing to take off his hat. 

2. 1656. Arrested and jailed in Boston 
as a Quaker. Property (books) burned on 
Boston Common. Banished in the ''Speed- 
well." 

3. 1657. Arrested in Martha's Vine- 
yard. Ordered away. House closed against 
him by order of Governor. 

13 



184 The Holders of H older ness 

4. 1657. Arrested in Plymouth. Ban- 
ished from town. Ordered to walk to 
Rhode Island. 

5. 1657. Arrested. Throttled in First 
Church, Salem, Mass. 

6. 1657 (August). Given thirty lashes. 
Jailed in Boston. Kept three days without 
food. 

7. 1657 (September). Confined in jail 
five weeks. Whipped twice a week. Re- 
ceived 357 lashes in seven weeks while in 
jail. 

9. 1657 (October). Banished. 

10. 1658 (April). Bound and whipped 
with knotted cords in Barnstable. Thirty- 
three lashes. 

11. 1658 (June). Arrested in Dedham. 
Jailed in Boston. 

12. 1658 (July). Right ear cut off in jail 
and whipped after the mutilation. 

13. 1658 (August). Whipped every 
week with knotted cord for nine weeks. 

14. 1659. Arrested in Salem. 



The Holders of Holderness 185 

15. 1659. Banished on pain of death and 
given fifteen stripes. 

16. 1682 (May). Committed to jail for 
refusing to take an oath. 

17. 1682. Arrested in Somersetshire, 
England, for preaching. 

18. 1683 (May). Arrested for preaching 
at Bellipoole. 

19. 1685. Released by James Second 
(four years and a half had been spent in jail 
for the crime of insisting upon the rights of 
free conscience). 

Christopher Holder's name is on a 
monument at Shelter Island with other 
martyrs to the cause so near to the heart 
of true Americans. 

During all the period of Quaker baiting 
in New England they had a true and loyal 
friend in Nathaniel Sylvester, an American 
philanthropist, a Friend and sympathizer 
with Friends. He lived across the Sound 
from Rhode Island at Shelter Island, where 



1 86 The Holders of Holderness 

his hospitable manor house was always 
open to the banished Quaker, and many 
were entertained there. He was a Friend 
of George Fox, Christopher Holder, 
William Robinson, William Leddra, Mar- 
maduke Stephenson and other martyrs, 
and many found shelter at his home. 
Here Lawrence and Cassandra Southwick 
fled when banished, and here they died. 
The name of Sylvester is thrice honored by 
every Friend to-day, who recognize in him 
a type of the true American. In 1676 
Christopher Holder was a guest at the 
old manor house at Shelter Island, and 
Bowden mentions a visit showing that 
Christopher Holder also visited Nathaniel 
Sylvester with George Fox in this year. 
At Oyster Bay and also at Flushing they 
had very large meetings, some of those 
who attended them having come a distance 
of thirty miles. While George Fox was en- 
gaged in the work at these places Chris- 
topher Holder and others were similarly 



The Holders of Holderness 187 

occupied in the town of Jamaica. Bowden 
thus refers to Nathaniel Sylvester: 

"He was the sole proprietor of Shelter 
Island, which Hes in an inlet of the sea near 
the eastern point of Long Island. When 
he became possessed of this interesting 
little domain, or when he joined in religious 
profession with Friends we are uninformed, 
but as early as the Third Month, 1659, he 
is referred to as one who had adopted our 
principles. The liberality and kindness of 
Nathaniel Sylvester became known to 
Friends in England, and John Taylor, of 
York, when he visited America in 1659, 
first landed on the shores of Shelter Island, 
and was, he says, very kindly received. 
Except this island and the colony of Rhode 
Island, there was not at this time a nook 
or corner in the colonies of North America 
on which a Friend could land without ex- 
posing himself to severe suffering and the 
shipmaster to a heavy penalty. The pos- 
session, therefore, of the island in ques- 



1 88 The Holders of Holderness 

tion by one who loved the truth was a 
providential circumstance, peculiarly favor- 
able to Friends at this juncture, and not to 
be viewed as one of mere chance." 

A descendant of Nathaniel Sylvester has 
erected a tomb to his memory shown here- 
with, upon which are engraved the names 
of Christopher Holder and his friends, the 
only monument these early martyrs have 
to commemorate their deeds for civiliza- 
tion and the world. The author, speaking 
for the descendants of the Holders, takes 
this occasion to indicate their hearty ap- 
preciation of the delicate courtesy which 
prompted the act on the part of the late 
Professor Eben Norton Horsford, of Har- 
vard, and his family, lineal descendants of 
Nathaniel Sylvester. It was characteristic 
of the distinguished man from whom they 
are descended. In the New England His- 
torical and Genealogical Register I found 
the following description of this tomb: 



The Holders of Holdevness 189 

(On the Horizontal Tablet of the Table 
Tomb :) 

TO NATHANIEL SYLVESTER. 

First Resident Proprietor of the Manor of 
Shelter Island under grant of Charles Second A.D. 
1666 (Arius). An Englishman, Intrepid, Loyal 
to Duty, Faithful to Friendship, the Soul of in- 
tegrity and Honor, Hospitable to Worth and Cul- 
ture sheltering ever the persecuted for conscience 
sake. The daughters of Mary and Phoebe Gardiner 
Horsford, Descendants of Patience daughter of 
Nathaniel Sylvester and wife of the Huguenot Ben- 
jamin L'Hommedieu in Reverence and Affection 
for the good name of their ancestor in 1884 set up 
these stones for a Memorial. 

1610 1680. 

Under the Table : 

A list of names of Descendants of Anne Brinley, 
of the female side. 

Succession of Proprietors. The Manhansett 
Tribe. The King. The Earl of Sterling. James 
Farrett. Stephen Goodyear. Nathaniel Sylvester. 
Giles Sylvester. Brinley Sylvester. Thomas Deer- 
ing. Sylvester Deering. Mary Catherine L'Hom- 
medieu. Samuel Smith Gardner. Eben Norton 
Horsford. 

On the South Steps is engraved the fol- 
lowing names of friends of Nathaniel Syl- 



igo The Holders of Holderness 

vester who had become distinguished in 
various ways, as follows: 

of the Sufferings for conscience sake of friends of 
Nathaniel Sylvester, most of whom sought shelter 
here including 

GEORGE FOX 

Founder of the Society of Quakers 

And his Followers 

Mary Dyer. William Leddra. 

William Robinson, Marmaduke Stephenson. 

executed on Boston Common. 

On East Steps: 

Lawrence and Cassandra Southwick Despoiled, 
imprisoned, starved, whipped, banished. Who fled 
here to die. 

On the North Steps: 

David Gould, bound to gun carriage and lashed. 
Edward Wharton, "The much scourged." Chris- 
topher Holder, "The mutilated." Humphrey Nor- 
ton, "The branded." John Rous, "The maimed." 
Giles Sylvester, "The champion." Ralph Goldsmith, 
'The shipmaster." Samuel Shattuck, of the "King's 
Message." (These Stones are a Testimony.) 



CHAPTER XVI. 



NANTUCKET HOLDERS. 



Descendants of Christopher Holder.— Move to Nantucket.— The 
Old Contract.— Removal to Lynn. 



While Christopher Holder died in Eng- 
land, some of his children continued to re- 
side in America. Mary, of the first mar- 
riage, became the head, so far as the 
Holders are concerned, of the Slocums, to- 
day a well-known family in America. Of 
the children of Christopher Holder, Chris- 
topher, Jr., the only surviving son, was 
born in Newport and married Elizabeth 
Daniell,of Winterburne, England,* in 1691. 

*Christopher, Jr., was married, as was his father, 
in England, his residence at the time, according to 
the record of the English Society of Friends, being 
Hallatrow, County of Somerset, monthly meeting 
of Frenchay. His wife's home is given as Winter- 
burne, Gloucester County. There is also a record 
of the death of a "child of Christopher," dying 
December 5, 1693, at Frenchay; burial at Parish of 
Mangotsfield. 



192 The Holders of Hold erne ss 

He was a land owner and man of wealth. 
His son John born about 1693 0^ i694j be- 
came a ship owner, and there is record of 
his making several trips to the Barbadoes, 
and it is not unlikely that he sailed a ship 
between Boston and London via Barba- 
does, this being a profitable route at the 
time. John, who may have been a prop- 
erty owner in Barbadoes, married about 
1720, and his son Daniel, born 1721, was a 
shipbuilder, resident and land owner of 
Nantucket, the name being found on trans- 
fers and deeds in or about 1760.* 

The following is an ofBcial copy of the 
wedding certificate of Christopher Holder, 
Jr., and Elizabeth Daniell, from the Gen- 
eral Register office, Somerset House, Lon- 
don, England: 

"Whereas by the records of ye people of 
ye Lord called Quakers (it doth) or may 

*The name Daniel is very common in the family, 
and it is not unlikely that John gave his son Daniel, 
of Nantucket, the surname Daniell, taking it from 
his grandmother, Elizabeth Daniell. 



The Holders of Holderness 193 

apeare yt Christopher Holder of Hallstron 
in yr County of Somersett & Elizabeth 
Daniell of Winterborne in the County of 
Glouce; did on the second day of ye First 
month in ye yeare 1691 manifest at a 
meetting of ye people of ye Lord called 
Quakers held at Frenshay in the County 
aforesaid their intention of Marriage and 
whereas alsoe such their Intentions now 
publisht in the publick meetting of ye 
aforesaid people in the place and County 
aforesaid on the twenty ninth day of ye 
first month in ye yeare aforesaid; And 
whereas alsoe to this very day on Enquiry 
made there apeare noe reasonable cause 
wherefore there Marriage should be ob- 
structed. Wee therefore are witnesses that 
on the day of date of these presents 
the said Christopher Holder did in the 
presence of ye Lord & of us his people take 
the said Elizabeth Daniell to be his Wife 
and the said Elizabeth Daniell did take the 
said Christopher Holder to be her husband 



194 The Holders of Hold erne ss 

& did mutually promise each to other to 
live together in love & Faithfullness ac- 
cording to God's Ordinance until by death 
they should be separated. 

''And as a farther testimony of such their 
taking each other & of such their promisses 
each to other have hereunto with us put 
their hands this 15th day of ye second 
month year 1691. 

"Christopher Holder, 
''Elizabeth Holder. 

"Josiah Cole, John Trueman, Walter 
Grymer, Roger Tibbott, James Ronison, 
John Brary, John Lunds, William Ball, 
WilHam Wadie, William Drinkworth, Ada 
Waltter, John Boulton, John King, Percy 
Coole, William Burkes, Hester Williams, 
Hezekiah Cole, Alexander Cole, Richard 
Bickham.'' 

The Holders early in 1700 were living at 
Newport, R. I., and in several towns on or 
about the Cape. Daniel Holder, the great- 
great-grandfather of the author, was not 



The Holders of Holderness 195 

one of the original settlers of Nantucket, 
but he moved there some time previous to 
1 75 1, and here all his children except 
Richard were born. The dates have all 
been verified and those in the author's 
family Bible compared with the list from 
the Nantucket Book of Births, Marriages 
and Deaths, which dates back to 1663. 
(Pages 70, 73, 75, 87.) In all probability 
Daniel Holder lived on the island twenty- 
five or thirty years. He was a shipbuilder, 
a man of means, and the author has the 
original of one of his contracts, a facsimile 
of which is shown elsewhere in this volume, 
written and signed by him in 1760, having 
been in the immediate family one hundred 
and forty-two years. This contract was 
given by Daniel Holder to his son Richard, 
of Lynn, in 1770, and so descended to the 
author. 

Almost every member of the Quaker 
branch of the family has at some time 
known of the $2,000,000 fortune in the 



196 The Holders of Holderness 

Courts of Chancery, England, awaiting a 
missing Holder. That this fortune belongs 
to the Daniel Holder branch there is every 
reason to believe. Daniel Holder, grand- 
son of Christopher, Jr., was the heir, and 
according to tradition he sent his oldest 
son to England provided with the neces- 
sary papers to prove the claim. According 
to legend, he sailed via Barbadoes, and 
there was taken with the yellow fever and 
died, the papers never being recovered. 
Tradition states that it was the oldest son, 
but this could not be, as Thomas Holder, 
ancestor of the Berlin (Mass.) Holders, 
was the oldest, and he died in 1830. No 
serious attempt has been made to secure 
the elusive fortune.* 

*Regarding the fortune, Mr. Lewis G. Weatherly, 
an Englishman, living in San Francisco, a descend- 
ant of the Holders, wrote the author as follows in 
1891: "Knowing that Charles and Frederick were 
family names (Christian), I am the more inclined 
to write to you, and it may be that after all our 
family may be connected, and we may be thus of 
use in rescuing from the octopus-like grasp of the 
Courts of Chancery the large fortune of something 
like £400,000." 



The Holders of Holderness 197 

Allen Coffin, of Nantucket, wrote the 
author: "I find the name of Daniel Holder, 
whose wife was named Hannah, as grantee 
and grantor upon the Register of Deeds 
Lith, folio 19. As grantor, his wife, 
Hannah, joins in the deed." He continues: 
"I find Daniel's name in the land records 
but once as a grantee, and subsequently 
as a grantor of the same estate, which 
makes me think he removed from the 
island, as his name is not subsequently 
found. The deed to him is from George 
Hussey, of a tract of land presumably sold 
to Prince Pompey, a negro. Daniel Holder 
had purchased the land of the negro, and 
because there was some doubt whether a 
negro man could then lawfully buy or sell 
real estate, George Hussey confirmed the 
title to Daniel Holder which he had con- 
veyed to Pompey. The sale was without a 
deed, as none appears on record. Pompey 
was probably a slave, which raised the 
question as to his eligibiUty." Mr. Francis 



198 The Holders of Holderness 

T. Holder told the author that he had 
heard this story discussed by the older 
members of the family. 

Daniel first had eight children, who 
were all brought up strict Friends of the 
school of their great-grandfather, Chris- 
topher Holder. His son Richard was the 
author's great-grandfather. Richard lived 
in Lynn, Mass., and doubtless was born 
there, near where his ancestor had preached 
one hundred years before. He married 
Mary Breed, daughter of Isaiah Breed and 
Hannah Estes, of Lynn, in 1784, the 
author's great-great-grandparents. The 
latter's quaint marriage certificate, faint 
and worn now in the possession of the 
author, is a typical document of the kind 
afifected by Friends at the time. All those 
present at the ceremony who desired signed 
it as witnesses, and the names are the fore- 
bears of many prominent families in Lynn 
to-day. The signers are: John Tyler, James 
Purington, Joseph Bassett, Humphrey 



The Holders of Holderness 199 

Devereaux, Ezekiel Allen, Ebenezer Pope, 
Nathan Breed, Ebenezer Breed, Samuel 
Breed, Jr., John Bassett, Samuel Osborn, 
Wilham Bassett, Zaccheus Collins, Isaiah 
Breed, Hannah Breed, Hannah Estes, 
Jabez Breed (my fifth great-grandfather), 
Nathan Breed, Jr., Samuel Breed, Amos 
Breed, WilHam Estes, Mary Breed, Anna 
Estes and Mary Estes. Ihis was in 1748, 
and many of those who signed were very old 
people who may as children have listened 
to the preaching of Christopher Holder. 
The author has also the marriage certifi- 
cate, herewith shown, of his great-grand- 
father, Richard Holder, who married Mary 
Breed. It is dated Lynn, 1784, and en- 
tered on the records of the Salem Meet- 
ing, page 197. The names of witnesses 
which are of historical interest are as fol- 
lows: Henry Oliver, Recorder; Samuel 
Collins, Elizabeth Collins, Samuel New- 
hall, Ebenezer Breed, Micajah Collins, 
Estes Newhall, Daniel Newhall, Jedediah 
14 



200 The Holders of Holderness 

Purington, Joseph Bassett, John Pope, 
Patience Hawkes, Richard Pratt, Jr., 
Moses Alley, Nathan Breed, 3rd, Isaac Bas- 
sett, Mary Bassett, Rebekah Alley, Sarah 
Breed, Rebekah Phillips, Lydia Newhall, 
Hexia Breed, Content Alley, Elizabeth 
Bassett, James Breed, Jr., Jonathan Phillips, 
Jr., Richard Holder, Mary Holder, Isaiah 
Breed, Hannah Breed, Lois Alley, Theo- 
date Pope, Nehemiah Johnson, Hannah 
Johnson, James Alley, Folger Pope, Han- 
nah Rich, David Johnson, Kergia Johnson, 
Pharaoh Newhall, Benjamin Alley, Patience 
Silsbe, John Pratt and Nathan Breed, Jr. 

Richard and Mary Holder had five chil- 
dren — Miriam A., Ebenezer, Daniel, Han- 
nah B. and Aaron Lummus, the latter the 
author's grandfather. He married Rachael 
Bassett, one of five sisters noted for their 
beauty, cultivation and mental endow- 
ments. They were Hannah, Amy, Ruth, 
Rachael and Anne Bassett, and the picture 
of their sweet faces, surrounded by the 



The Holders of Holderness 20 1 

Quaker bonnet, as they sat on the high 
seat in meeting as ministers or elders of 
the Society of Friends, rises before the 
author as these Unes are penned. The Bas- 
setts, from which family Francis T. Holder 
is also descended, were of ancient English 
lineage, related to the old English families 
of Braesford, Greville, Granville, de Du- 
stanvill, Beaumont and Chetwynde. The 
family has been traced directly to Henry 
First, through Maud FitzHenry,and earlier 
through the wife of Richard Bassett (Maud 
Ridel), a direct descendant of Wulgrincis, 
a relative of King Charles the Bold, who 
created him Duke of Angouleme and Peri- 
gord as far back as A.D. 886. It was far 
from these gentle Friends to have any 
pride in a noble lineage, and what data 
there was became the property of Dr. 
Joseph Bassett Holder, son of Rachael 
Bassett Holder and father of the author, 
who, despite his training and education as 
a Friend, had a strong pride of family. 



CHAPTER XVII. 



FRANCIS T. HOLDER. 



An Interesting Career. — His Influence Upon an American In- 
dustry. — A Free Quaker. 



Francis T. Holder, seventh in descent 
from the famous minister, Christopher, was 
born in CUnton, Mass. His grandfather, 
Thomas Holder, moved from Nantucket 
when he was twenty-four years old and 
settled in Berlin, Mass., building the house 
which became known as the Holder home- 
stead, shown herewith. Thomas was a 
strict Friend, and his wife, Sarah Gaskill, 
a Quaker minister of more than local fame. 
In his book, 'The Free Quakers," Dr. 
Weir Mitchell has given a graphic picture 
of the Quakers of Philadelphia during the 
Revolutionary War. The Free Quakers 
were those who repudiated the idea that 



204 ^^^^ Holders of Holderness 

it was wrong to go to war when their 
country was menaced. The Free Quakers 
were not confined to the Revolution; the 
Quakers were as strong in the beUef of 
their doctrines in 1861 as they were in 
1776, and it was, in all probability, not 
without much protest from friends and 
kinsmen that Francis T. Holder entered 
the army. It is said that all successful men 
are well fathered and mothered; this was 
well illustrated in this instance. From the 
time of Christopher Holder, 1656, to 
Daniel, 1721; Thomas, 1754, down to 
David, all his forebears were Quakers, 
educated in the strict school of Friends; 
and this means much, as every man who 
was a Quaker and remained one was per- 
force a type of honor, morality and integ- 
rity; if he was not, he was soon read out 
of the Meeting by the inexorable system 
of the Friends. 

David, the father of Francis, was a typical 
Friend of this class, a man of sterling quali- 



The Holders of Holderness 205 

ties, whose word was as good as his bond 
in the country in which he Uved. He was 
educated at one of the large institutions 
of learning of the time and married Ruth 
Bassett, a beautiful woman, who sat upon 
the high seat in the meetings of the 
Society. The old homestead stands on a 
delightful country road, surrounded by 
lawn and orchards, with a background of 
trees. The author visited it in the fall, 
when the entire country was aglow with 
color. Hollyhocks nodded over the stone 
wall; corn in golden sheaves glistened in 
the sun, and all nature seemed vying to 
produce a typical pastoral scene. Not far 
distant is the smaller house where Francis 
passed his boyhood. Down a long country 
road under the shadow of large trees, 
backed up against low hills, it stands, rich 
in many memories of youth when the 
cousins from Lynn came here as boys. A 
part of the house is of stucco, and on the 
side is a tree formed of small pebbles bear- 



2o6 The Holders of Holderness 

ing the date 1841. When visited by the 
writer the house stood in the shadow of 
hickory trees, the nuts of which dotted the 
ground. Down the orchard the men were 
binding corn; the fields flashed with gold- 
enrod, buttercups and asters, and as far as 
the eye could reach were patches of forest 
and clearings telling of the typical New 
England farming region. 

Over these hills and dales roamed the 
boy who was to become the head of one 
of the great manufactories of the world. 
Every one knew him, and the farmers 
treasured legends regarding him. He was a 
manly boy, and possessed of all the traits of 
the Friends. Even when very young what 
he said was accepted. An old man said: 
''He was a natural-born leader." He could 
run faster, jump further, climb higher, 
shoot straighter than any boy in the three 
towns, and in all the contests among the 
boys it was a foregone conclusion that he 
would come out, if not always at the head, 



The Holders of Holderness 207 

very near it. He had the educational ad- 
vantages of the country schools, and when 
a young man obtained a position in the 
Bigelow carpet manufactory, of Clinton, 
Mass., occupying a responsible position as 
assistant in charge of the weaving depart- 
ment of the company. Here he remained 
until the Civil War, when his patriotism 
overcame his Quaker prejudices and he 
volunteered as a private in the Third Mas- 
sachusetts Cavalry, a regiment raised by 
Thomas Chickering, of piano fame, who 
went as its colonel. The regiment was 
originally the Forty-first Massachusetts 
Infantry, but was changed in the South 
to a cavalry regiment. The regiment 
underwent hard and arduous service in 
the Red River campaign under General 
N. P. Banks, and was in all of Sheridan's 
campaigns and battles in the Shenan- 
doah Valley, among which were Win- 
chester, Cedar Creek, etc. At Sabine 
Crossroads, on the Red River, Mr. Holder's 



2o8 The Holders of HoJdemess 

company went into the fight with eighty- 
three men and came out with twenty sur- 
vivors of the terrible carnage. For a time 
he was attached to a Hght battery in the 
regular army, in the discipline of which he 
obtained the suggestions which made him 
a successful business man. In conversation 
with the author he once said that he laid 
much of his success in life to the habits of 
discipline he formed in the regular army, 
where everything was done by rule, and 
absolute unquestioned obedience was the 
order of the day; but it is very evident that 
other factors entered into the mental 
make-up of the young Quaker. He pos- 
sessed executive ability to a marked de- 
gree, indefatigable energy, and more im- 
portant perhaps than all, he had the rare 
power of administrative ability and of ob- 
taining the most and best out of men and 
things. It was these and other traits that 
attracted the attention of his employers 
when a very young man, and when he left 




\ 



Mis. John Garrison Peene. 



The Holders of Holderness 209 

the army nothing was more natural than 
that he should return to carpet manu- 
facturing. It was soon discovered that he 
could produce more than others under the 
same conditions; he soon improved the 
existing system by the introduction of 
labor-saving appliances and systematizing 
the methods of work, and when placed 
over a number of workers it was found 
that he could make his department, what- 
ever it was, the leading producer in the 
institution. The young man was not 
satisfied until he knew the business from 
beginning to end, and every complicated 
machine in it; this accomplished, he was 
in a position to suggest improvements in 
labor-saving machinery and in many direc- 
tions. 

Mr. Holder's life becomes a valuable 
object lesson to every young man. It 
typifies success by personal effort, and the 
secret appears to be earnest application 
and persistent effort to do everything as 



2IO The Holders of Hold ernes s 

well as possible. If a thing is worth doing 
at all it is worth doing not only well, but 
a little better than any one else, was his 
maxim; and so well did he manage his 
machinery and the men under him that the 
large manufactory of Alexander Smith & 
Sons, of Yonkers, made him an ofTer to 
join them. The development of this 
enormous business, the largest producer 
almost twice over of any similar institution 
manufacturing textile fabrics for flooring 
in the world, is to a large extent due to his 
energy and ability. He revolutionized the 
business, and may be said to be the author 
of existing methods in which perfect 
system is the principle. Perhaps no man 
in America to-day has done more to place 
the United States at the head of the world 
in the manufacture of textile fabrics of this 
class. When he joined the Alexander 
Smith & Sons Carpet Company, of Yonk- 
ers, ninety per cent, of all carpets and rugs 
used in this country were imported; even 



The Holders of H older ness 211 

skilled labor was brought from the great 
carpet centers of Europe to work in Amer- 
ican factories. Plants were few, and most 
of them were equipped with hand looms 
and produced only ingrain carpets. Nearly 
all the machinery used in making carpets 
was imported. All this was changed by 
Mr. Holder, who saw that American 
machinery was constructed; but more im- 
portant than all, he devised and introduced 
what is known as the factory system; 
taught American youths to run the ma- 
chinery and manage it, and within twenty- 
three years so turned the tables that Amer- 
ican carpets were successfully competing 
with foreign goods of the oldest looms in 
all Europe; so successfully that a strong 
and vigorous protest came from foreign 
manufacturers, who were amazed to find 
themselves competing on their ground 
with American carpets and rugs. What 
this meant for American labor in many 
different directions may be readily imag- 



212 The Holders of Holderness 

ined. No man is better or more favorably 
known in the textile world. As a manu- 
facturer and organizer of labor in mill 
work; as a manager, Mr. Holder has no 
superior and few if any equals, and the 
people of the United States are indebted 
to him for the low-priced carpets and rugs 
of to-day, his system reducing the cost to 
consumers about fifty per cent., the result 
being a vastly cheaper and better article. 
The following is copied from the Carpet 
and Upholstery Trade Review of February 
15, 1902, upon the retirement of Mr. 
Holder from the presidency of the Alex- 
ander Smith & Sons Carpet Company: 

Frank T. Holder resigned on the 25th ult. his 
position as president of the Alexander Smith & 
Sons Carpet Company, the resignation being re- 
ceived at the annual meeting of the corporation at 
that date and accepted at Mr. Holder's request. 
Mr. Holder has been identified vith the carpet in- 
dustry for about fifty years. Born in Clinton. 
Mass., in 1833, his earliest experience in mill work 
was acquired in the gingham department of H. N. 
Bigelow's mill at Clinton. He relinquished this 



The Holders of Holderness 213 

position to take a more importrnt one in the Brus- 
sels mill of the Bigclow Carpet Company and re- 
mained with this corporation until 1863, leaving it 
then to enlist in the Third Massachusetts Cavalry. 
When this regiment was mustered out of service, 
two years later, he returned to the mill at Clinton 
and remained there until 1870, when he was en- 
gaged by Alexander Smith to act as superintendent 
of the mills of Mr. Smith at Yonkers. Mr. Holder 
was particularly well equipped for this position, 
being familiar with every department of carpet mill 
work and possessing also notable executive ability. 
His work and responsibilities increased materially 
as the Smith mills grew in extent of production 
and general importance in the industry, but he was 
always found equal to every demand upon him. In 
January, 1894, Mr. Holder was chosen president. 
Mr. Holder retires because he is now almost sev- 
enty years of age, and naturally desires to be re- 
leased from the strain of active business; but he 
remains a member of the company's board of 
directors. He well deserves the rest he now seeks, 
for his career in the trade has been long and 
arduous, as well as successful and eminently honor- 
able. 

Mr. Holder has an attractive home on 
Locust Hill Avenue, in Yonkers, N. Y. 
His winter home is in Pasadena, Cal, 



214 The Holders of H older ness 

where, on Orange Grove Avenue, he owns 
a Spanish-American house with all the 
beautiful semi-tropic surroundings that 
characterize this city of roses. He has a 
farm at Barton, Vt., situated on a sightly- 
eminence overlooking the valley of Barton, 
in which he has large interests. Several 
years ago he built for the Orleans County 
Fair Association a half-mile race track, 
equipped with grandstand and buildings 
for the exhibition of stock, the entire 
equipment said to be the finest in Vermont. 
About five miles from Barton is Fox 
Hall, the summer home of his daughter, 
Mrs. John Garrison Peene, one of the most 
beautiful places in Vermont. The house 
stands on the west side of Willoughby 
Lake, a picturesque sheet of water with 
high and abrupt hills overhanging it, so 
that the trees are mirrored in its clear 
depths. The lake is about five miles long 
and one in width, and from almost every 
point of the fine drive around it some view 




Barn and Hall donated to Friends' Meeting, Bolton, Mass., 
by Francis T. Holder. 



The Holders of H older ness 215 

of Fox Hall is seen, while from the house 
many vistas of the lake appear. The estate 
includes many acres and adjoins the old 
Davis Homestead of Mrs. Peene's grand- 
father, which stood upon the shores of 
Willoughby Lake. 

While a devoted man of business, Mr. 
Holder is a man of affairs. He has been 
a member of the Players' Club and the New 
York Yacht Club, and owner of the hand- 
some steam yacht *'Wachusett," in which 
he cruised every season. In commercial 
circles his name is well known. He has 
always retained his interest in the church 
of his fathers, and a gift made in Bolton 
is characteristic of the man. The Friends 
who worshipped at the little Meeting 
needed some assistance and applied to Mr. 
Holder for aid in building a house in which 
to hold entertainments. He replied that 
he would make a donation if they would 
permit him to select it. There was, of 
course, no opposition. He told them that 
15 



2i6 The Holders of Holderness 

one of his earliest recollections as a boy at 
this place was sitting in the comfortable 
meeting house and looking out at the line 
of horses exposed and uncovered to the 
icy winter wind, and he had often wished 
that he could do something for them. The 
Friends were glad of his aid, and as a re- 
sult the horses of the Quakers of Bolton 
have a large and commodious barn into 
which many teams can drive and be shut in 
as securely as the worshippers themselves. 
When this building was completed, Mr. 
Holder also gave the building which had 
been asked for. The act was illustrative of 
the donor's love for horses, of which he has 
always had fine specimens. At one time 
he owned True Chimes, the fastest half- 
mile trotter in the world. 

Mr. Holder married in early life Miss 
Arabella Davis, of the town of Newark, 
near Willoughby Lake, Vt., a woman of 
sterling character and worth, a descendant 
of one of the old colonial New England 




Home of Phebe Holder, Poetess, Berlin, Mass. 



The Holders of Holderness 217 

families. She lies in Mount Hope Ceme- 
tery, her resting place marked by a beauti- 
ful mausoleum. The issue of this marriage 
was one daughter, who married Captain 
John Garrison Peene, of Yonkers. The 
second wife of Francis T. Holder is Eliz- 
abeth Woodbury, of Bolton, Mass., a de- 
scendant of the old family of that name, 
Mrs. Holder's grandfather having been a 
soldier of the Colonial army. 



CHAPTER XVIIL 



SOME BOLTON AND BERLIN HOLDERS. 



Phebe, the Poetess.— Major John Holder Read out of Meeting for 
His Musical Tastes. 



In the vicinity of Bolton, Berlin and 
Clinton many descendants of Thomas 
Holder, of Nantucket, are living. No 
country is more beautiful in summer than 
this; essentially a farming region abound- 
ing in forests, brooks and streams. It was 
particularly attractive to the author, who 
found it in the fall a blaze of autumnal 
glory, the roads overarched with trees, tun- 
nels of verdure, where long stone walls cov- 
ered with vines formed the squirrel's high- 
way. On one of these typical New England 
roads was found the attractive vine-clad 
cottage of Miss Phebe Holder, the well- 
known poetess, a graduate of Westfield 



220 The Holders of H old e mess 

Normal College. For many years she was 
a teacher, having a taste for literature 
which has found expression in prose and 
verse, published in the various literary pub- 
lications of the day, v/hile many of her 
poems have been issued in book form under 
the title of ''Echoes of Lake View." 

In Berlin lived John Holder, a well 
known character, with a large acquaint- 
ance throughout the country. He was 
a birthright Friend, and was educated by 
his parents for the ministry, his mother, 
Sarah Gaskell, having been a Quaker min- 
ister of note. But by some trick, certainly 
not of inheritance, unless it came from Dr. 
WilHam Holder referred to, John, whose 
ancestors for generations had looked upon 
music as a worldly device, developed a re- 
markable musical talent, which found such 
marked expression that he devoted him- 
self to it with such vigor that the Friends 
read him out of Meeting. He founded the 
first musical college in that part of the 



The Holders of Holderness 221 

State. His son, Henry R. Holder, enlisted 
in Company I, Fifth Massachusetts In- 
fantry, in 1862, serving in the war of the 
Rebellion, being honorably discharged at 
the end of his enlistment. 

Some years ago, July 4, 1872, the Hold- 
ers held a reunion at Lancaster, and many 
representatives of the family were present. 
The reunion was held at the residence of 
William P. Holder, and among the guests 
were: Miss Caroline Holder, WilHam C. 
Holder, of Lynn; Greely Dow, of Bolton; 
F. D. Brigham, of Hudson; Hon. C. J. 
Holder, of Boston; W. C. Holder, Harriet 
E. Holder, Francis T. Holder, of Yonkers; 
among them was Jackson Locke, Esq., of 
Boston, a lineal descendant of Captain 
Locke, of the ''Speedwell," which brought 
Christopher Holder to America in 1656. 
Mr. Locke later married a descendant of 
the famous m.inister. At this meeting the 
literary exercises were particularly inter- 
esting. Miss Caroline H. Holder, of Lynn, 



2.22. The Holders of Holderness 

read a poem referring to Christopher 
Holder and his fame, some of the lines of 
which are as follows: 

Over two hundred years have sped 
Since our ancestor, by the spirit led, 
Fired by a true devotion, 
In the "Speedwell" crossed the ocean. 
From the city of London he came, 
Bearing with him the Holder name. 
In this land, on Freedom's soil. 
Here to worship, here to toil, 
H3re to rear a family tree 
Full of grace and symmetry. 
******* 
Welcome to this family meeting. 
Ye whose hearts with love are beating, 
Loyal to the Holder name, 
Guarding it from sin and shame. 
Ye who in the paths of life 
Never seek the ways of strife; 
But ever an influence sweet 
Lend to all with whom ye meet, 
Seeing in each human soul 
The Lord who doth this world control. 

Miss Harriet H. Holder also read a 
poem referring to Christopher Holder and 
the ancestors of the family. 



CHAPTER XIX. 



LYNN AND BOSTON HOLDERS. 



Aaron Holder, Joseph Bassett Holder, James Holder, Charles F. 

Holder, Rachael Bassett Holder.— Daniel Holder, of Mar- 

blehead, Nathaniel Holder, Daniel C. Holder. 



Lynn, Massachusetts, has always been 
a stronghold for Friends or Quakers, and 
socially and in business they were the 
dominating factors up to within a decade 
or so, and the "old families" of to-day are 
Friends or families into which they have 
married. Christopher Holder preached re- 
peatedly near Lynn and in the country 
along shore in the years 1657 to 1680, but, 
according to the records of the Salem 
Meeting, a regular Meeting was not estab- 
lished in ''Linn" until 1688, and then at 
the house of Samuel Collins, which stood 
on Essex Street, near the Ingalls School. 



224 ^^^ Holders of Holderness 

Richard Holder was the first of the family 
born in Lynn. 

Daniel Holder, another brother, settled 
in Marblehead, and his descendant, Nath- 
aniel Holder, settled in Lynn. Richard 
married Mary Breed, whose marriage cer- 
tificate, previously alluded to, is given 
herewith. The old homestead, which stood 
on one of the most sightly situations along 
the entire coast, is described in the his- 
torical notes by the author's father in a 
following chapter. The five children of 
Richard all lived in Lynn. Aaron Lummus 
Holder married Rachael Bassett, of Ux- 
bridge, an aunt of Francis T. Holder. He 
was a man whose strong personality made 
him a prominent figure in the community 
in which he lived. Rachael Holder was a 
minister and graced the high seat of the 
Lynn Meeting for many years. She was a 
type of the strict Friends, who had changed 
but Httle since the time of Christopher 
Holder. Conscientious to a painful degree, 



The Holders of H older ness 225 

possessed of unusual mental endowments, 
yet not deeming it right to display them. 
One of the first recollections of the author 
in the old home was when a child he 
stepped out to see a company of the Old 
Guard who were training in connection 
with the Freemont campaign. As the 
bear-skin caps came up the street his 
grandmother led him into the house and 
closed the door, not willing that the child 
should even look upon ''men of war." 
Being so conscientious on the subject, her 
feelings can well be imagined when her 
nephew, Francis T. Holder, and her son, 
Joseph Bassett Holder, became 'Tree 
Quakers," and entered the service and 
served through the Civil War, the former 
as a cavalryman and Joseph as a surgeon. 
Rachael Holder had a fondness for Utera- 
ture and a talent for writing, which, under 
different circumstances, would have made 
her conspicuous among the literary lights 
of her day. She was a poet of no mean 



226 The Holders of Holderness 

order of merit, according to Greenleaf 
Whittier, a relative and friend, yet so con- 
scientious, was she that most of her writings 
were destroyed as soon as written. 
Enough were saved to constitute a little 
volume, brought out after her death by 
her granddaughter, Rachael Aldrich, of 
Bloomington, Illinois. 

Aaron and Rachael Holder had four 
children — ^Joseph, James, Mary and Sarah. 
James succeeded to the business of his 
father and gave promise, had he lived, of 
being a brilliant business man. He was 
universally respected and admired for his 
many graces of character. Joseph Bas- 
sett Holder was born in the old Rich- 
ard Holder homestead, in Lynn, built 
about 1690. He was a man of high cultiva- 
tion, of artistic tastes, with a strong lean- 
ing for scientific pursuits. A birthright 
Friend, he was educated at the Friends' 
School at Providence, and later studied 
medicine at Harvard. He early became a 



^^s 
^ 




Dr. Joseph Bassett Holder. 



The Holder's of Holderness 227 

friend of Louis Agassiz, then living at 
Nahant, and the author often visited l:he 
home of the great Swiss naturalist with 
him. The two men dredged the bay and 
collected together, and the friendship 
materially influenced Dr. Holder's later 
career. While at Harvard he was demon- 
strator of anatomy for Oliver Wendell 
Holmes, and was present at the first ap- 
plication of ether. He began the practice 
of medicine in Swampscott, building an 
artistic Gothic home on the hills overlook- 
ing Massachusetts Bay, now owned by Mr. 
Joy. From here he soon moved to Lynn, 
was appointed city physician and rapidly 
became noted as a surgeon. He made the 
first list of plants and birds of Essex 
County; was the founder and president of 
one of, if not the first. Natural History 
societies of Lynn, and was interested in 
collecting data relating to history of the 
county and town. He was an artist of 
more than ordinary talent, one of his paint- 



228 The Holders of H older ness 

ings being the ''Old Hermit," now in the 
Essex Institute, while the ''Dry Tortugas" 
and other works by his brush are owned by 
the author. In 1859 Louis Agassiz and 
Spencer Baird, of the Smithsonian, in- 
duced him to go to the Florida Reef to 
study its growth and development in the 
interests of science. This he did, also be- 
coming surgeon-in-charge of the Engineer 
Department. He sent North valuable col- 
lections and data to Agassiz and the 
Smithsonian, the Museum of Compara- 
tive Zoology at Cambridge, College of the 
City of New York, etc. One of the im- 
portant discoveries he made related to the 
growth of corals. It was believed that 
coral grew very slowly, but by keeping 
specimens under observation and in a sea 
aquarium, he found that branch corals 
grew five or six inches a year, and 
meandrina were also fast growers, a 
small head doubling its size in a year, thus 



The Holders of Holderness 229 

upsetting all preconceived ideas about the 
extreme slowness of the growth of corals. 

On the breaking out of the war Dr. 
Holder entered the army and became 
health officer and surgeon of the military 
prison at Fort Jefferson, remaining at Tor- 
tugas seven years, fighting yellow fever 
during the Civil War and saving hundreds 
of lives at the risk of his own. Government 
suppHes were often inadequate, and he 
raised money in various ways, by personal 
effort, to save the prisoners and others 
from scurvy. Aside from his views on the 
army, Dr. Holder was a consistent Friend, 
a man of the highest character, a type of 
the gentlemen of the old school, when this 
term included the ethics of Christianity. 
He was universally beloved and respected. 

In 1869 Dr. Holder was ordered to Fort- 
ress Monroe, Va., and while there was in- 
vited to join Prof. A. S. Bickmore in 
organizing the American Museum of Nat- 
ural History, New York. 



230 The Holders of Holderness 

He was assistant director, then curator 
of Zoology from 1871 to 1888, the time of 
his death. Dr. Holder was a frequent con- 
tributor to the magazines of the day. 
Among his works are: ''Fauna Americana,'* 
"Our Living World"; in collaboration with 
J. G. Wood, the ''Museum of Natural His- 
tory"; with Sir John Richardson, the ''At- 
lantic Right Whale"; Proceedings of the 
American Museum of Natural History, 
"Stone Collars of Porto Rico," "Along the 
Florida Reef," Harpers', and many articles 
and papers in scientific publications. He 
was a patron of the Metropolitan Museum 
of Art, Fellow of the New York Academy 
of Sciences, member and one of the found- 
ers of the Ornithological Union, member 
of the Society of Naturalists of the Eastern 
United States, the Geographical Society, 
member of the Harvard Club and others. 
Dr. Holder married Emily A. Gove, a 
Friend, of Lynn, a lineal descendant of Ed- 
ward Gove, the Quaker of Hampton, 




Charles Frederick Holder. 



TJie Holders of Holderness 231 

N. H., the original seceder from England, 
who in 1683 headed the movement against 
English rule to protest against the dissolv- 
ing of the State Assembly by the English 
Governor, Cranfield. Gove was arrested, 
sentenced to death, but finally sent to 
England. His estates were forfeited and 
he was confined for three years in the 
Tower of London, from v/here he was re- 
leased by King James under the general 
pardon to Quakers in 1686. His estates 
were returned to him, and his descendants 
aided, in 1776, in successfully accompHsh- 
ing what he attempted seventy-five years 
previous. (See Gove genealogy, ''History 
of Weare, N. H.") 

Dr. J. B. and Emily Holder had one son, 
Charles Frederick (author), born in Lynn, 
Mass., August 5, 185 1. The following 
biographical data is copied from ''Who is 
Who in America," by Marquis & Co., and 
from the "History of Los Angeles 
County." Charles Frederick Holder, birth- 
16 



232 The Holders of HoIJciiicss 

ri^lit Frioiul or (Juakor. accoinpaiiiod his 
father to Florida aiul spout five or six years 
on the reef. Educated at Friends' School, 
Providence; Allen's English and Classical 
School. West Newton and United States 
Naval Academy; hocaiuo assistant curator 
American INlusouni oi Natural History, 
New York, 187 j. In 1S75 ^avo up all 
other interests to devote himself to Htera- 
ture. Fellow New \'ork Academy of 
Sciences, member of National Geograph- 
ical Society, etc. Known in England 
as American Riographer Charles Darwin. 
Voluminous contributor to the magazines 
and literary press of America and Europe. 
His published works are: "Life of Charles 
Darwin," "Life of Louis Agassiz" (Piif- 
hcvh's), "Marvels of Animal Life," "The 
Ivory King," "Living Lights," "Angling" 
(joint author), (Scribncr's) ; "The Treasure 
Divers," "Stories of Animal Life" (Dodd, 
Mead & Co.), "Elements of Zoology," 
"Natural Flistory Tales," "Fishes and 



The Holders of IJolderness 2:^3 

Reptiles," *'Thc Corals and Jelly Fishes," 
"Mammals," "Insects," '"Jhe Birds" 
(American Hook Co.;, "The Large Came 
Fishes" CMacmillan Coj, "A Strange 
Company" (Lothrop & Co.), "An Isle of 
Summer" CMurdock & Co.), "Around 
Pasadena" (Lee & Shepardj, "'ihe Ad- 
ventures of Torqua" CLittle, lirown & 
Co. J. Mr. Holder went to I-'asadena, Cal., 
for his health in 1885; has been president of 
the Board of Education of Pasadena, trus- 
tee Throop Polytechnic Institute, trustee 
Los Angeles State Normal School; trustee 
of Public Library. lie founded and 
edited the Californian Illustrated Maga- 
sine, but sold his interest and retired 
at the end of two years. Six or eight 
months later the magazine suspenrled. 
With Ex-Covernor Lionel A. Sheldon he 
edited the Los Angeles Tribune. In 1879 
married Sarah E. Ufford, lineal descendant 
of the Huguenot William Provost (Paris, 
1545J, the founder of one of the most dis- 



234 The Holders of Holderness 

tinguished families in American history, a 
prominent member of the American 
Branch being Right Rev. Samuel Provost, 
first Episcopal bishop of New York. (See 
Provost Genealogy, by Judge Andrew J. 
Provost. New York, 1895.) 

Among the well-known Holders of Lynn 
was Nathaniel Holder, born in Marblehead, 
and married to Hannah Dodge Morgan, 
of Salem. He had thirteen children, forty 
grandchildren and eight great-grandchil- 
dren at the time of his death. He removed 
to Lynn in 1833 and became prominently 
identified in the growth and development 
of the city, opening up several portions 
and building many houses. Mr. Holder 
was educated for the ministry and had for 
his first charge a church in Washington, 
N. H. Later he joined the Unitarian 
Church and finally became a business man, 
a builder and extensive real estate dealer, 
also owning a large wholesale bakery busi- 
ness in Lynn. He laid out Pine Hill into 



The Holders of Holdcrness 235 

streets, from Linwood to Walnut; he also 
laid out Greenwood, Ontario, Tapley, 
Grove, Salem and Cedar Streets. He was 
one of five to buy and lay out Pine Grove 
Cemetery. Mr. Holder was a refined and 
cultivated man, universally respected and 
honored. He served his term as overseer 
of the poor, school trustee, and in 1853 was 
a member of the State Legislature. 

Miss Harriet E. Holder came into posses- 
sion of many of the articles of glass owned 
by the Marblehead Branch and has donated 
them to the Lynn Historical Society. Two 
pieces date back to the seventeenth cen- 
tury, a Canton China plate and an illum- 
inated glass tumbler. There are but few of 
these tumblers now in this country, and 
these were originally brought to New York 
from Holland by some Knickerbocker 
families. From colonial times, also, is a 
Canton sugar bowl of unique shape, a wine- 
glass, a tea pot and a copper lustre cream 
pitcher. An interesting piece is the 



236 The Holders of Holderness 

''Washington vase plate." A large number 
of these were manufactured soon after the 
death of Washington, as memorial plates. 
The design is graceful but rather morbid 
for modern taste, being a funeral urn. 
These plates caught the popular fancy, and 
there was a great demand for them. An- 
other plate of Olympic ware pictures out 
the ancient Grecian games. 

A cup has a beautiful design in a wreath 
of passion flowers, and a tea plate with 
raised lavender flowers is artistic. 

Among the Holders of Lynn born at the 
old homestead overlooking the bay was 
Daniel, oldest son of Richard. He was a 
man of fine presence, courtly, refined and 
cultivated. In early life he moved to Balti- 
more, then to New York, where he ac- 
cumulated, as a merchant, a large fortune, 
which was, unfortunately, lost in one of the 
memorable panics of the period. He mar- 
ried Sarah Fairbanks Houghton, of Lynn, 
a woman of culture and attainments, social 



The Holders of Holderness 237 

and otherwise. Their sons, Charles and 
Richard, were educated at Friends' School 
in Providence when living in New York, 
and in 1837 the family moved to Tremont, 
111. Both sons were, like their father, of 
literary and scientific tastes. Richard in 
1846 took the overland trip to Oregon, 
during which he had two serious encount- 
ers with Indians, twice having his horse 
shot, and also narrowly escaped starvation, 
the party at one time being reduced to 
their leather bootlegs for food. In 1853 
the brothers entered into business in 
Bloomington, 111. Richard was a trustee 
of the State Normal College, planned the 
Natural History Rooms and donated 500 
specimens of birds mounted for study. He 
also gave similar collections to the Wes- 
leyan University. He was president of the 
Illinois State Fair Association for many 
years, president of the Library Board, and 
at the time of his death was the representa- 
tive of the C. N. W. R. R. in Freeport, 111. 



The Holders of Holderness 239 

In all of his over fifty years of business life, he 
was always honorable, just, impartial, frank and 
open in his dealings, and one who will be missed 
from his accustomed place in the trade. 

He was held in the highest esteem by the friends 
and associates, both in the social and business 
world, and by his genial, cordial manner and faith- 
ful friendliness will be missed by those who have 
been accustomed to meet him in the various walks 
of life. 

To his family we tender our heartfelt sympathy in 
their great sorrow and in the loss of such a good 
husband and father, and to his partners, in the pass- 
ing away of such a kind and faithful associate and 
adviser. 

As a mark of respect we shall close our stores 
during the hour of the funeral from twelve to one, 
noon, February 25th, and shall insert these minutes 
in the Boston papers. 

Committee of the Boston Metal Trade. 



CHAPTER XX. 



HISTORICAL NOTES. 



References to the Family Left by Dr. Joseph Bassett Holder. 
Description of Richard Holder.— A Colonial Quaker Home. 



Among the private papers of Dr. Joseph 
Bassett Holder were found some notes 
which may be of interest to the Holders 
of Lynn, Bolton and Berlin as being the 
only description obtainable of a home of 
one of the original Nantucket Holders 
(Richard), and an account of old times at 
Uxbridge, the home of the mother of 
Francis T. Holder and Joseph B. Holder. 

''Richard Holder, my grandfather, born 
in 1757, I remember very distinctly as a 
man of rather below average height. The 
dear old grandmother is especially remem- 
bered for her beauty, care and thoughtful- 
ness to me as a small boy. At this time, 



242 The Holders of Holdcniess 

about the year 1827, our grandparents 
were living in the old Holder homestead, 
which stood on the corner of Sagamore 
and Nahant Streets, and which was moved 
to Union Street, opposite the burying 
ground, in 1850, to make room for the 
Gothic house which I built on the prop- 
erty. With the grandparents lived Aunt 
Hannah, grandfather's sister. All was in 
the primitive condition that prevailed up 
to the time of railroads and other radical 
inventions. The Holder homestead was a 
typical colonial high and low-roofed build- 
ing standing on the highest portion of the 
large estate, which extended at that time, 
as near as I can remember, from Baltimore 
Street to the ocean, and east or south to 
the bay, while opposite, including what is 
now the Ocean Street property, was the 
large and extensive estate of my grand- 
father. Breed. The view from the house 
commanded Massachusetts Bay, Nahant 
and Egg Rock, the land being much higher 




Colonial desk of Richard Holder. Owned by C. F. Holder, Pasadena, Cal. 



The Holders of H older ness 243 

than at present. Near the house was an 
old-fashioned wind mill, and leading up to 
the residence was a green slope, the gate 
being what is now the entrance to Saga- 
more Street, which I named, as well as 
Sachem Street. Nahant Street was now 
known as Pudding Hill, and an ancient 
stone wall ran from Baltimore Street to 
the ocean. (This stood in my day. C. 
F. H.) As I remember the old house, its 
characteristics were similar to many in the 
eighteenth century. Large chimney in 
the center, with an ample fire place and a 
very wide panel for the back of the fire 
place. The latter was faced with ancient 
Chinese tiling, the delicate blue making a 
beautiful effect (one of these is in posses- 
sion of the author). The ceiling with 
boxed beams, the center beam running 
through the middle of the ceiUng being 
wide and handsomely boxed. The buffet 
was a striking feature, and when I built, it 
was taken out and placed in the house 



244 The Holders of Holderness 

which now stands on the corner of Saga- 
more and Nahant Streets. It was better 
than the average. It occupied the outer 
corner of the drawing room. The wood- 
work was finished in mouldings, the open 
part having a round finishing at top, and 
the closet at the bottom, with panel doors. 
On the inside at top, the roof was lathed 
and plastered, nearly to form a concave 
or spoon-shaped structure. Neatly cut or 
scalloped shelves were placed at intervals. 
The contents of this bufifet at this time 
would delight the eye now; a rich silver 
tankard of ancient pattern, solid and valu- 
able, quaint silver spoons and other objects, 
great rows of old blue china and delf, with 
many other pieces brought from abroad 
and heirlooms in the family. 

"The old house was furnished hand- 
somely, indeed richly, the sofa and chairs 
being solid mahogany with gray Friendly 
tint coverings with a brave array of brass- 
headed tacks. It would have been rich 




Desk of Daniel Holder, of Nantucket (1720). Owned by Charles F. 
Holder, Pasadena, Cal. 



The Holders of Holderness 245 

even to-day with its quaint pieces and 
ornaments of brass; yet over all was the air 
of dignity and plainness which character- 
izes the homes of Friends everywhere. In 
the corner was a high clock, and in another 
an ancient desk, which belonged to Grand- 
father Daniel Holder, of Nantucket, hav- 
ing been made some time in 1700. (This 
desk, here shown, is now in the possession 
of the author.) Another piece of ancient 
furniture was a black spindle-leg table 
which belonged to Grandfather Breed. 
The house, as near as can be deter- 
mined, was built by Richard about the 
time of the Declaration of Independence, 
though others believe that it was built by 
Grandfather Breed in 1690. (It remained 
in the family until about 1852, and was de- 
stroyed in the great fire of Lynn in the 
eighties.) My cousin, Rachael Nichols, 
describes Grandfather Richard as a 'small, 
straight, pleasant-looking man.' In a letter 
received from Nathan D. Chase, of Lynn, 



246 The Holders of Holderness 

he speaks as follows of Richard Holder: 
*He was fond of horses and kept quite an 
establishment for the day, driving a two- 
wheeled chaise, the body of which was 
painted pink, yellow and brown, according 
to the fashion of the time. He was a very 
quick, active man, in which your own 
father, Aaron, was very much like him. He 
was a prominent Quaker, sat upon the high 
seat and dressed in the height of the 
Friendly garb — coat, hat, breeches and 
silver shoe buckles. He was one of the old 
honest stock, whose word was as good as 
his bond/ 

"In records of Lynn Friends meeting, 
1803 — I mo. — I find: 'The subject relating 
to Friends in Boston being again before 
this meeting, and as it appears by informa- 
tion given this meeting that Friends there 
are in the practice of holding, and have 
set up and do hold, a meeting, we do there- 
fore appoint Richard Holder to labor with 
these Friends who do thus, contrary to the 




Rachael Bassett Nichols. 



The Holders of Holderness 247 

advice of the monthly meeting, set up and 
hold said meeting, etc' 

"In the old house the typical Friends' 
hospitaUty was shown, and it was rarely 
that several visitors were not there, while 
twenty or thirty at dinner on monthly or 
quarterly meeting days was a common oc- 
currence. Here the cousins from Bolton 
gathered — Thomas Holder and his wife 
and their children; David, father of Francis, 
and the Bassetts, from Uxbridge, while 
visits were constantly exchanged, family 
parties riding in chaises and coaches over 
the beautiful roads between the not distant 
homes. 

"My father, Aaron, was named after Dr. 
Lummus, who was one of the early physi- 
cians of Lynn and an intimate friend of the 
family. In about 1826 he purchased the 
land on the corner of Nahant and Wash- 
ington Streets and built the large dwelling 
which still stands. My father was one of 
the most decided characters, a Friend by 
17 



248 The Holders of Holderness 

birthright, he continued faithful to the es- 
sential requirements of the church. Though 
strictly economical and cautious in busi- 
ness affairs, being a wholesale and retail 
druggist, he was endowed with the noblest 
impulses as to charity and benevolence. 
The appeals of the needy and suffering 
were always responded to, and a large 
share of his ample income went to meet 
constant demands upon his kindly nature. 
It can be said of him that he had the abso- 
lute confidence of a large community, and 
was the adviser of hundreds. Not till his 
gentle nature, his open, cheery face, had 
passed away did the large circle reaUze that 
they had indeed sustained a loss." 



CHAPTER XXL 



PICTURE OF A QUAKER HOME IN THE 
COUNTRY. 



The Bassetts of Uxbridge, Grandparents of Francis T. and Joseph 
Bassett Holder.— Their Home. 



"My earliest remembrance of Grand- 
father Bassett," continues Dr. Holder, 
"dates to a time when he was about 
seventy or eighty years old. I retain the 
image of him as a slender man of goodly 
height, but bent by age and lameness. 
His suit of continental clothing was yet 
common to old men of the time. A three- 
cornered hat, long drab vest, and short 
clothes, silver buckles, etc. Grandmother 
was not remembered so plainly, but they 
were both regarded as persons of superior 
mental endowments, and were most highly 



250 The Holders of Holderness 

esteemed as members of the Society of 
Friends. 

''A very important member of the Bas- 
sett family was Aunt Anne Bassett, my 
mother's sister and aunt of Francis Holder. 
During the period of my occasional visits 
at the Uxbridge home, Aunt Anne was a 
distinguished member of the Anti-Slavery 
Society of Massachusetts. Her well-known 
proclivities naturally prompted her to give 
her sympathies to any in distress. The 
enormities of slavery came to be widely 
known by aid of printed tracts, &c. In the 
distribution of these Aunt Anne gave very 
much of her time. Effingham Capron, one 
of the well-to-do citizens of Uxbridge, was 
also identified with this cause, and Aunt 
Anne expended much of her charity and 
anti-slavery indignation through him. This 
was about the year 1837-40. 

''William Lloyd Garrison, champion of 
the AboHtion cause, held Aunt Anne in 
great esteem, and visited her at the home- 



The Holders of Holdcrness 251 

stead. She was a woman of marked char- 
acteristics. Gentle, very dignified in her 
manner, and above the average in mental 
endowments. 

"Not having the privilege of seeing her 
in later years, we retain our childhood's 
impressions. She was the beloved and 
central image in our dreams of coming joy 
as each season came around. Dear Old 
Aunt Anne! Memories of the spinning 
wheel, its mysterious buzz and whirl, and 
a thousand sights and sounds characteristic 
of the countryside. Odors of quinces 
ripening on the attic floor, huckleberries 
spread out to sun and dry, of chestnuts, 
'wa'nuts,' oilnuts, beechnuts lying on the 
floor. How cheerfully the dear old woman 
went about distributing those bits of lux- 
uries. 

'The old home at this time was a central 
point in several senses. Our grandparents, 
Joseph and Rachael Bassett, were prom- 
inent members of the Society of Friends of 



252 The Holders of H older ness 

Uxbridge Monthly Meeting, worshipping 
in the ^Old Brick/ which was situated in 
the south part of the town. Their house 
was a special resort for Friends on all oc- 
casions of travel or ceremony. A goodly 
number of Friends resided in Northbridge. 
The old carriage house and cider mill at- 
tached was then an interesting structure, 
affording a place to the family vehicles. 
Something between a hackney coach and 
a mail wagon was the form of the family 
carriage. Well built and generous in di- 
mensions, wondrous most in heavy leathern 
thoroughbraces and backbends, its carry- 
ing capacity being for six persons. The 
jaunty coach-like aspect was complete in 
its canary yellow painted exterior, when 
equipped for a journey, with its out-riding 
racks for baggage. The emergencies of 
winter were provided for in the great 
double sleigh, a large affair on two sets of 
runners; altogether a winter counterpart 
of the wheel vehicle, not omitting the 



The Holders of Holderness 253 

canary yellow. In very inclement weather 
the carriage top was movmted on the sleigh 
runners, and thus a comfortable covered 
vehicle was had. My memory vividly in- 
cludes riding to meeting in this carriage. 

**Uncle Ephraim was a man of iron will 
and Puritanical dogmatism. Ambitious to 
extract all that was possible from the 
hard, relentless, almost impracticable soil, 
his 'mowing lands' for years had been 
'picked over' to cull away the stones, the 
great numbers of which seriously inter- 
fered with cutting the grass. My memory 
is most keen in this particular, for Uncle 
regarded it incumbent on us boys to do 
our proper share in removing the obstruc- 
tions. A favorite problem of Uncle's was 
to irrigate the meadows and intervale, and 
by vigorous labor he had constructed a 
series of trenches and locks whereby the 
waters of the neighboring brooks would 
be distributed for the benefit of his grass 
crop. That brook in the meadow was a de- 



254 The Holders of Holderness 

light to our young days; the dark-brown 
waters rippling over in minute cascades, 
and then still in pools beneath the alders, 
where the trout delight to gather. Of the 
upland mowing land, the Dolph lot is held 
in memory as one of the small enclosures 
walled and entered by the usual bars. The 
great portion of the farm was loaded with 
boulders, from small to those of many feet 
in diameter. Rocky and unpromising as 
were these lands, Uncle contrived to cut 
large crops of hay, and more than one 
yearly crop; and this by persistent irriga- 
tion through his system of water trenches. 
The watered lots in the meadow and inter- 
vale were notable to the region about. The 
all-valued brook of brown waters could not 
be tampered with without disturbing the 
neighbors on either side. In one case the 
shutting off flowed the lands above, and 
on the other it stopped the supply to the 
mill below. The old mill! This is one of the 
pleasant memories. During the present 



The Holders of Holderness 255 

summer, 1883, I visited it. I had not seen 
it for twenty-five years or more. There 
was the same tranquil pond, shrunken 
through want of water, the same dark, 
smooth top boulders cropping forth, giv- 
ing resting place to the speckled tortoises. 
Old 'Josh Aldrich,' the ancient spirit of 
the place, was gone; the wheel and flume 
were dropping to decay; but the same 
winding road, under the chestnuts, where 
we trapped the red squirrel and the chip- 
munk, was there; the same old gateway 
hedged in the alders, and the same notes 
piped through the overhanging foliage, 
where the cat bird furtively lingered. In 
the meadow where the flowing waste of 
mill water gathered again into the stream- 
let, was seen the rich crimson of a few 
cardinals that still grew, gorgeous in the 
strong contrast with the green flags. Here 
the bobolink perched on the tall sprig of 
meadow and warbled forth his character- 
istic notes. All the sights and sounds 



256 The Holders of H older ness 

peculiar to midsummer were here, and had 
not lost a tithe of their wonted joyfulness. 

''Near the old mill and at the juncture of 
the Cato Willard road and the town road 
a 'heater piece' occurs, a triangular piece 
of land that has long served as burying 
ground for the neighborhood. In the later 
days of Uncle Ephraim the remains of our 
immediate family were removed and in- 
terred in an inclosure of strong granite 
and iron on the pasture land of the farm. 

"On the northerly portion of the farm is 
'Linset' Woodland, a delightful oak and 
hickory forest, lying on a side hill, near 
what was usually the rye and barley lots. 
Linset is a name to us unaccounted for; 
ranging from a hillside to low, wet land, it 
afforded every phase of soil, and was a 
most marvelous locality for flowering 
plants. Linset became to me a little Para- 
dise, yielding as it did so great a variety of 
the natural objects in botany and zoology. 
A variety of trees of great interest was 



The Holders of Holderness 257 

there. It sheltered, also, many a bird and 
beast and reptile. Here we found a box 
tortoise, on the shell of which was cut the 

letters and figures E. B. . The date was 

one that indicated the turtle to have lived 
thirty years since the carving on the shell. 
My Uncle Ephraim remembered cutting 
the same thirty years before; and he as- 
serted that the creature was as large at 
that time. 

'To him who in the love of Nature 

Holds communion with her visible forms, 

She speaks a various language.' 

"And truly this place, this Linset Woods, 
seemed one of Nature's especial temples. 
To sit in the upland shade, by the worn 
pathway, near the mossy wall, where the 
squirrels are capering toward the rye field, 
among the brakes and hemlocks; on the 
soft turf where the delicate vines of check- 
erberry and michellas entwine, or under 
the broad, spreading pine, whose fragrant 
needles make soft, inviting carpets; this is 



258 The Holders of H older ness 

joyous. And the various aspects of mid- 
summer noon and the long twilight are 
well remembered; the former time of day 
when the mysterious locust, zee-zeeing — 
'stabbing the noon silence with its shrill 
alarm,' and in the latter when the lonely 
whip-poor-will sighs and clucks his peculiar 
notes. 

"In the early days of our grandparents 
there came to the neighborhood two slaves, 
named Cato and Lydia Willard. In my 
day they were old people, and were some 
of the then lately liberated slaves of New 
England. They raised a large family of 
children and were much respected for many 
virtues. 

"The house and surroundings of the old 
home remain much as they were formerly; 
plain in the extreme, yet how beloved by 
association! The yearly journey in early 
summer usually was by carriage over the 
road. At early morn we started from 
Lynn, making a long day on the road, 



The Holders of Holderness 259 

usually stopping at noon at Lexington or 
Natick. Then at sunset, or a little later, 
the familiar hillsides of the old home would 
appear, and we would leave the country 
road to enter the familiar one around the 
meadow pond, and thence by Cato Will- 
ard's, and home." 



CHAPTER XXIL 



ROYALIST HOLDERS. 



Go to Canada with the Army after the Revolution. — Settle in 

New Brunswick. — Famous Family of Ship 

Captains. 



A PECULIAR and interesting fact which 
will strike the reader of these pages is that 
the Holders were comparatively few in 
number in the United States, the name not 
being a common one. Holdens are com- 
paratively frequent, and found in almost 
every directory, but the two families are 
entirely distinct — a singular fact in itself, 
as the names might easily have been con- 
fused in early days. In 1757, or previous, 
a branch of the Holders, probably from 
England, settled on Long Island, at North- 
port, this on the authority of H. A. Holder; 
while another member of the family, Ed- 



262 The Holders of Holderness 

win J. Holder, of Amesbury, believes they 
came from Pennsylvania. There were two 
brothers — Jacob and John, and it is sup- 
posed there was another brother, George. 
When the war of the Revolution broke out, 
these Holders, being RoyaHsts, entered the 
British Army, and when defeat came they 
were taken by the British commanders to 
St. Johns, New Brunswick, then known as 
Parrtown, Nova Scotia. Arriving in 1783 
as members of the company known as 
United Empire Loyalists, Jacob Holder 
was allotted land in the settlement of Parr- 
town, and exchanged for another piece six- 
teen miles up the St. Johns River, at Long 
Reach, where his descendants still live, a 
large and highly respected family, famous 
for its sea captains. Three miles below is 
the town of Holderville, where there are 
others of the family. Some members of 
this branch have moved to the United 
States. Samuel Holder married Lucretia 
Belyea, and his descendants are claimants 



The Holders of Holderness 263 

to the Aneke Jans estate, of fame and 
history. 

Many of these Holders were on the 
Canadian side in the war of 1812, serving 
in the One Hundred and Fourth Regi- 
ment. The grandfather of one of the 
Canadian Holders was a soldier in this 
regiment, which made a famous march in 
the winter of 1812-13. Walter Holder, 
grandson of Jacob, was a soldier on the 
Union side in the Civil War, and is to-day 
a pensioner for his gallant services. He 
took part in thirteen battles and was three 
times wounded. The genealogy of this 
branch of the family, so far as obtainable, 
for which the author is indebted to Mr. 
H. A. Holder, the well-known electrical 
supply merchant of Boston Highlands, will 
be found in the Appendix. 

Holders settled, years ago, in Australia. 
The Hon. F. W. Holder is speaker of the 
Federal House of Representatives of Aus- 
tralia. 
18 



264 The Holders of Holderness 

At various times within the past one 
hundred years other Holders have come to 
America whose genealogy, so far as the 
requests have been responded to, will be 
found in the Appendix. The largest family 
is found in Brooklyn, and is directly from 
the original Holderness branch. The head 
of this branch in America was Charles Bar- 
rett Holder, born in Hull, England, who 
came to Brooklyn, N. Y., in 1833, and was 
prominently identified with the growth 
and development of that city. They are 
descended from William Holder, of Barm- 
ston, Holderness, 1736. Another branch 
is descended from Charles Holder, a 
wealthy merchant of London, who settled 
in New York in 1841. The crest of this 
branch was a dove holding an olive branch, 
and the family is found in Washington, 
D. C; Jefferson and Atlanta, Ga. Another 
branch of the family is that of the Maid- 
stone, Kent, England, Holders. The head 
of this family to-day is Dr. Charles Adams 



The Holders of Holderness 265 

Holder, of Colorado Springs, Col., whose 
father, Charles Hawkes Holder, of Maid- 
stone, came to America in 1858 and settled 
in New York, where daughters still reside. 
Another branch, in the person of William 
Morris Holder, came from March, Cam- 
bridgeshire, England, and settled in Provi- 
dence, R. I., in 1861. There are also 
Holders Hving in Montreal and New York 
of German descent. Many of the latter are 
named Holdermann, Holderle, etc., but in 
coming to America assumed the name of 
Holder by dropping the ending, hence are 
not Holders. Among the records of the 
Friends in London are found the names 
of Ann Holder, 1659; Anthony, 1662; 
Nathaniel, 1668; Christopher, first and 
second; Martha, 1658; Joane, 1653; Sarah, 
1660; Hester, 1681; John, 1684; all living 
in towns in Gloucester or Somerset Coun- 
ties of England. There are Holders in 
many parts of England. Sir John Charles 
Holder lives at Pitmaston, Moseley, Wor- 



266 The Holders of Holderness 

cestershire. The arms of Holders of Cam- 
bridge are: Azure, a pass dancette between 
three griffins passant, wings endorsed, or' 
brest crest, on a ducal coronet, gule, a lion 
segant, or'. This is the arms of Dr. Charles 
Adams Holder, of Colorado Springs. An- 
other Holder arms given in the Encyclo- 
pedia of Heraldry is: Holder azure three 
griffins segant, or', crest out of a five-leaved 
ducal coronet gule, a Hon segant, or'. 
Though given twice, this is evidently the 
same. The Holderness branch bore the 
arms given in proper colors on a previous 
page, and are given on the authority of 
Mr. R. Y. Stephenson, the well-known 
antiquarian, and Dr. J. B. Holder, who 
many years ago had the search made in 
London and the drawings of the arms 
made. 

Especial interest lies in the Holders of 
Barbadoes. The family of Charles Barrett 
Holder owned a line of ships early in the 
century, which sailed from London to Bar- 



The Holders of Holderncss 267 

badoes. John Holder, the Quaker, was a 
ship owner, whose vessels plied between 
Boston and Barbadoes and London, and a 
number of Holders went to the island and 
settled there in early days. WilUam Hold- 
er's name as shipmaster the author found 
in 1685 in the Barbadoes records; and it is 
evident that several distinct Holders set- 
tled there years ago. From the records 
of the parish of St. James, December 20, 
1679, it was learned that Meltiah Holder 
owned 100 acres and 32 slaves. John 
Holder owned an estate of 98 acres. In 
the parish of Christ Church, 1680, Nich- 
olas Holder had an estate of 33 acres and 
18 negro slaves. In the parish of St. 
Andrews, John Holder had an estate of 59 
acres and 300 slaves. In 1783 to 98 the 
Rev. Henry Evans Holder, of Barbadoes, 
was a prominent Uterary man. He pub- 
lished, among other things, a number of 
discourses, a novel, poems and several 
theological works. It is a singular fact 



268 The Holders of Holderness 

that there are no white people by the name 
of Holder living in Barbadoes to-day, ac- 
cording to the American vice-consul. 
Negro slaves took the names of their 
masters, which explains the name among 
these people. 



APPENDIX 

HOLDER GENEALOGY 



I 

HOLDER OF HOLDERNESS 

Saxon Chief who captured Holderness, England 

500 A.D. 



II 

HOLDER 

Thane during reign of Alfred the Great 

870 A.D. 



Ill 

Rev. GEORGE HOLDER 
Rector of All Saints, Roos, Holderness 

1588 



IV 

Rev. WILLIAM HOLDER, D.D. 

Born Holderness 1616; married 1643 Susannah Wren 

(died 1688) daughter of Dr. Christopher 

Wren, Dean of Windsor; sister of 

Sir Christopher Wren, Bart. 



2^2. Appendix 

Guide to genealogy. To facilitate the finding of relation- 
ships the names are: First, numbered from one upward; 
the second, or middle figure, is the generation from Chris- 
topher I; the third figure indicates the number of childrerf 
in the family. 

1. Christopher Holder, of Winterburne, Glouces- 
tershire, Eng., minister, author and missionary, b. 
1631; was married twice, first to Mary Scott, a 
Friend, of Providence, R. I., in Olveston, near Bris- 
tol, Eng., June 12, 1660; d. April 13, 1688, at Ircott, 
Parish of Almondsbury, and was buried at Hazell in 
the monthly meeting of Frenchay. Mary Scott came 
of a distinguished family. On her mother's side she 
was a descendant of Sir Erasmus Dryden, Bart, 
grandfather of the poet Dryden, who was poet lau- 
reate in 1670-88. Her grandfather was of the EngT 
lish branch from which were descended Sir Georgq 
Scott, the famous architect of the Gothic restoratioi\ 
of England; Robert Scott, the English lexico-. 
grapher; John Scott, first Earl of Eldon, and Sir. 
Walter Scott, the novelist and poet. Issue. 

2 (2) I. Mary, b. Sept. 16, 1661 ; d. Sept. 20, I737.<. 

3 (2) II. Elizabeth, b. Jan. 4, 1665; d. (unmar-* 

ried). - 

2. Mary married Peleg Slocum, of Dartmouth, 
Mass., 1680; d. at home of her son-in-law, Peter 
Eason, Newport, R. I.. July 20, 1737. Issue. 

1. Mary, b. Oct. 17, 1681. 

2. Deliverance, b. Feb. 10, 1685. 

3. Content, b. Jan. 3, 1687. 



Appendix 273 

4. Elizabeth, b. Feb. 12, 1690. 

5. Peleg, b. Mar. 24, 1692. 

6. Giles, b. Feb. 21, 1695. 

7. Holder, b. June 14, 1697. 

8. Giles, b. 1699; d. . 

9. Sylvester, b. Nov. i, 1704. 

Mrs. Russell Sage, of New York, represents Chris- 
topher Holder in that city, and the author is indebted 
to her for the following, showing her descent in the 
Slocum line: 

Peleg Slocum married Mary Holder 1680. 

Joseph Slocum married Susannah Wanton 1721. 

John Slocum married Hannah Brown 1754. 

William Brown Slocum married Olivia Josselyn 

1793- 
Joseph Slocum married Margaret (Pierson) Jer- 

main 1825. 

Joseph Jermain Slocum married Sallie L'Homme- 
dieu 1854. 

Margaret Olivia Slocum married Russell Sage 1869. 

Herbert Jermain Slocum (son) married Florence 
Brandette 1886. 

Stephen L'Hommedieu Slocum (son) married 
Luna Garrison 1896. 

Herbert Jermain Slocum, Jr. (grandson), b. 1888. 

Myles Standish Slocum (grandson), b. 1890. 

The Slocum branch of the family can be followed 
in the genealogy of the Slocums by Charles Eli M. 
Slocum, Syracuse, N. Y. 



274 Appendix 

Mary Scott, first wife of Christopher Holder, died 
Oct. 17, 1665. In the following year he married Hope 
Clifton, a minister of the Society of Friends, daughter 
of Thomas and Mary Clifton (Friends), of Newport, 
R. I. Related to Sir John Constable, Knight, of the 
Manor of Burton-Constable (1346), through Ele- 
anor Clifton, who, in 1560, married Ralph Con- 
stable, second son of Sir John Constable. Issue. 

4 (2) I. *Christopher, b. Dec, 22, 1666; d. 

1720 (?); was large property 
owner in Newport, 1690. 
11. Hope, b. May 25, 1668. 

Patience, b. Feb. 12, 1669. 
IV. Patience, b. Aug. 16, 1671. 

John, b. Aug. 20, 1672; d. Aug. 25, 
1672 (Friends' Records, New- 
port). 
Content, b. May 22, 1674 ; d. Aug. 24, 

1676. 
Anne, b. Feb. 29, 1676; d. Mar. 21, 
1676. Issue. 

*Christopher Holder's brother Anthony, of Ircott, is quoted 
in Smith's catalogue of Friends' books as author of "A Dis- 
covery of Two Unclean Spirits, etc.," 1657. I learn from the 
central offices of the Society of Friends in London that his 
wife's name was Eleanor. The names of their children are as 
follows: Martha, b. 4, 16, 1658, Frenchay. Joane, b. 12, 9, 
1653, Alveston. Sarah, b. 4, 19, 1680, Ircott. Anthony died 
12, 20, 1662, and was buried at Bristol, Eng.— C. F. H. 



6 (2) 

6 (2) 

7 (2) 

8 (2) 


II. 
III. 
IV. 

V. 


9 (2) 


VI. 


10 (2) 


VII. 




4 .^''^..<. 



1 



.ps 



L :;^-.-^v */'^^, -A.^. /J j:../^? ;C-^^ i 










J^ 



Facsimile of page of Daniel Holder's Bible, Nantucket (1751); list of his 
children in his own handwriting. 



Appendix 275 

4. Christopher Holder, Jr., the only surviving son, 
married in Hallatrow, Somersetshire, Feb. 15, 1691, 
Elizabeth Daniell, of Winterburne, Gloucestershire, 
monthly meeting of Frenchay. Issue. 

11 (3) I. Infant, d. Dec. 5, 1693, at Frenchay; 

buried at Mangotsfield. 

12 (3) II. John, b. 1694 (?); married — 1720 

(?); master of ships between 
Boston, Barbadoes and England. 
Issue. 

13 (4) I. Daniel Holder, b. 1721 (?); mar- 

ried Hannah (?) in 1748 (?) 

Shipbuilder of Nantucket, Mass. 
(see contract). Probably named 
Daniell after his grandmother. 
He signed the name Daniel. 
(From pages 70, 73, 75, 87, Nan- 
tucket book of births, marriages 
and deaths.) Issue. 

14 (S) I- Hannah, b. Nantucket, Mar. 27, 

1751; d. . 

15 (S) II. Theodate, b. Nantucket, Jan. 20. 

1753; d. Dec. 16, 1753. 

16 (5) III. Thomas, b. Nantucket. Sept. 28, 

1754; d. Jan. ID, 1830, Berlin, 
Mass. 



276 Appendix 

17 (5) IV. Richard, b. Lynn, Jan. 8, I757; d. 

Jan. 25, 183s, Lynn, Mass. (See 
marriage certificate.) 

18 (5) V. Theodate (2d), b. Nantucket, Jan. 

I, 1759; d. . 

19 (S) VL Sarah, b. Aug. 21, 1760; d. . 

20 (S) VIL Daniel, b. April 14, 1761, Marble- 

head. 

21 (5) Vin. Abagail, b. July 18, 1762. 

22 (5) IX. Abagail, b. Dec. i, 1770. 

14 (5) I. Hannah; married James Rich. 

15 (5) II. Theodate; not known. 



DESCENDANTS OF THOMAS HOLDER, NANTUCKET, 
MASS. (1754-1830). 

Thomas Holder, b. Nantucket; married Sarah Gas- 
kill, of Mendon, Quaker minister, now Blackstone, 
who died Nov. 6, 1836. About 1778 they moved to 
Berlin, Mass., and built the Holder homestead. 
Issue. 

23 (6) I. Phebe, b. April, 1780; d. Nov., 1832. 

24 (6) n. Hannah, b. June 16. 1782 ; d. Berlin, 

Mass.. April 20, 1848. 

25 (6) in. Joseph, b. Mendon, May 13, 1785; 

d. Bolton, July 3, 1867. 

26 (6) IV. Daniel, b. June 19, 1787; d. Berlin, 

Mass., Sept., 1787. 



Appendix 277 

27 (6) V. David, b. Sept. 12, 1788; d. Mar. 26, 

Bolton, 1864 

28 (6) VI. Daniel Holder (2d), b. May 19, 

1791; d. May 18, 1863, Berlin, 
Mass. 

29 (6) VII. Thomas (Jr.), b. June 6, 1794; d. 

Oct. 20, 1856, Clinton, Mass. 

30 (6) VIII. John, b. July 22, 1799; d. Feb. 6, 

1864, Berlin, Mass. Issue. 

23. Phebe Holder; married Silas Cooledge, of 
Bolton. Issue. 

31 (7) I. Silas, b. ; married Judith 

Breed; d. . 

32 (7) H. Theodate. 

33 (7) HI. Sarah; married Daniel Osgood. 

34 (7) IV. William Ledra ; d. young. 

35 (7) V. Loring; d. young. 

36 (7) VI. Nathan; married Helen . 

37 (7) VII. Hannah; married Mark Andrews. 

38 (7) VIII. Lucy; married John Andrews. 

39 (7) IX. Rufus; married Laura Hapgood. 

40 (7) X. Martha; married Harry Carter. 

41 (7) XI. Lyman; married Lucy Brigham. 

42 (7) XII. Mary; married Lorenzo Bruce. 

43 (7) XIII. Lydia; married William Chase. 

25. Joseph Holder married three times. His first 
wife was Mary Greene; b. Sept. 12, 1788; d. Dec. 2, 
1829; married Oct 5, 1808. Issue. 



27^ 


44 (7) 


45 (7) 


46 (7) 


47 (7) 


48 (7) 

49 (7) 



Appendix 

I. David Greene, b. Dec. i8, 1809; d. 

April 2, 1886. 
II. Lucy Greene, b. Dec. 24, 181 1; d. 
April 22, 1869. 

III. Edward Southwick, b. Nov. 5, 1813; 

d. Sept. 29, 1842. 

IV. Sarah, b. Dec. 8, 1820; d. April 6, 

1879. 
V. Lydia Brigham, b. July 20, 1825. 
VI. Hannah Greene, b. Sept. 11, 1827; d. 
Sept. 6, 1838. 



44. David Greene Holder married Ruth Babcock. 
Issue. 

50 (8) I. Nathan Babcock, b. Bolton, Oct. 

24, 1833, Helena, Mont. 

51 (8) II. Josiah B., b. May 28, 1835. 

52 (8) III. Charles Anthony, b. Dec. 26, 1836 

(unmarried). Orange City, Idaho. 



50 I- Nathan Babcock Holder, Helena, 

Mont., married Maggie Lucas, 
Osborn, Ohio, May 26, 1859. 
She died Nov. 28, 1895. Issue. 

50a (9) L James Lucas, b. Ravena, Ohio, 

Apr. 16, i860. 

50b(9) IL Roscoe Wheeler, b. Ada, Ohio, 
Nov. 20, 1866. 



Appendix 279 

50c (9) ni. Lee Everett, b. May 20, 1871, Spring- 
field, Ohio; d. Jan. 30, 1872. 
Issue. 

50b. Roscoe Wheeler Holder married, 1896, at 
Helena, Sarah Medora Haines, of Charleston, Va.; 
b. Nov. IS, 1858. 

51. Josiah B. Holder, Lewiston, Me., married 
Sarah Ann Shattuck Sept. 13, 1862. She died Jan. 
22, 1876. Issue. 

53 (9) I. Walter Edgar, b. Sept. 18, 1867; d. 

Feb. 20, 1869. 

54 (9) II. Irving Clifton, b. Sept. 13, 1869. 

65 (9) III. Maurice Edmond. Issue. 

54. Irving Clifton Holder, Medfield, Mass., mar- 
ried Mary Annette Vining, daughter of John Quincy 
Vining, of Rockland. Issue. 

66 (10) I. Effie Louise, b. Feb. 12, 1892. 
57 (10) II. Sadie Annette, b. May 26, 1893. 

68 (10) III. Ralph Clifton, b. Feb. 22, 1895. 

55. Maurice Edmond Holder, South Braintree, 
Mass., married Mary Ann Battey. Issue. 

69 (10) I. Walter Stanley. 

51. Josiah B. Holder (1835) married a second 
time, Mary Carr Washburn. 

45. Lucy Greene Holder married Albert Swift 
Payson, of Foxboro, Mass. ; d. Feb. 2Z, 1873. Issue. 

19 



28o 


60 (8) 


61 (8) 


62 (8) 


63 (8) 



Appendix 

I. Hannah Holder, b. Nov. 9, 1839; d 
Sept. I, 1842. 
n. Joseph Holder, b. Nov. 23, 1842; 
married Melissa V. Bolton May 
9, 1869. 

III. Edward Southwick, b. Sept. 2, 1845; 
married Julia Augusta Robinson 
July 2, 1868. 

IV. James Albert, b. June 11, 1848: mar- 

ried Ida E. Clark Aug. 10, 1869. 

46. Edward Southwick Holder married Ruth Buf- 
fington, of Fall River. Issue. 

64 (8) I. Thomas Frye, b. Jan. 9, 1839; 

d. . 

65 (8) II. Henry Buffum, b. July 12, 1840; 

d. . 

66 (8) III. Daniel Buffington, b. Dec, 1841; 

47. Sarah Holder married. May 29, 1839, Samuel 
H. Wheeler; d. Oct. 21, 1894; Berlin, Mass. Issue. 

67 (8) I. Lucy Holder, b. Feb. 13, 1840; mar- 

ried Amasa A. Whitcomb. 

68 (8) II. Martha, b. June 20, 1842; d. Jan. 31, 

1893 ; married Onslow E. Chase. 

69 (8) III. Levi, b. May 5, 1845; d. Dec. 22, 

1852. 

70 (8) IV. Mary Greene, b. May 25, 1847; mar- 

ried Lewis J. Hapgood. 



Appendix 281 

71 (8) V. Samuel, b. Nov. 3, 1851 ; married 

Emily Bruce. 

72 (8) VI. Levi, b. Sept. 5, 1854; d. Nov. 29, 

1864. 

73 (8) VII. Henry Arthur, b. Mar. 31, 1857; 

married Nellie F. Reed. 

74 (8) VIII. Joseph Albert, b. April 19, 1859; d. 

Jan. 3, 1865. 



48. Lydia Brigham Holder, of Bolton, Mass., mar- 
ried Greeley Dow, of Weare, N. H., now of Bolton. 
Issue. 

75 (8) I. Sarah Holder, b. Apr. 16, 1848; 

d. . 

76 (8) II. James Greeley, b. Aug. 4, 1849; Bol- 

ton. 

77 (8) III. Alfred, b. April 21, 1851. 

78 (8) IV. George Edward, b. Dec. 10, 1854. 

79 (8) V. William Henry, b. Aug. 20, 1857. 



25. Joseph Holder married a second time, June 2, 
1831, Rachael Fry, b. May 25, 1798; d. Dec. 17, 
1846. Issue. 

80 (7) I. Mary Green, b. Sept, 7, 1832. 

81 (7) 11. Anna Fry, b. May 7, 1835; d. Sept. 

21, 1896. 

82 (7) ni. Rachael Steere, b. May 25, 1842, 

Issue. 



282 Appendix 

80. Mary Green Holder married Aaron Harley, of 
Yolo, Cal., Apr. 5, i860. He was born July 15, 1825; 
d. June II, 1885. Issue. 

83 (8) I. Arthur G., b. Feb. 4, 1861 ; married 

Minnie L. Nason Sept. 12, 1891. 

84 (8) n. Sherman E., b. Nov. 2Z, 1862; mar- 

ried Mabel Wills, Mar. 10, 1897. 

85 (8) in. Herbert F., b. Nov. 5, 1867. 

86 (8) IV. Anna B., b. July 19, 1872; married 

Henry K. White, July 25, 1900. 

81. Anna F. Holder married James R Bean, of 
Yolo, Cal., Mar. 26, 1856. Issue. 

87 (8) I. Edward H., b. Dec. 30, 1856. 

88 (8) II. Mary Anna, b. June 9, 1858. 

89 (8) III. Elma L., b. Mar. 7, i860. 

87. Edward Holder Bean married Minnie San- 
born, Dec. 19, 1885. Issue. 

90 (9) I. Ena Ruth, b. April 26, 1889. 

91 (9) II. Alice Edna, b. Dec. 7, 1893. 

88. Mary Anna Holder married Marcus T. 
Sickal, Concord, Cal., July, 1876. Issue. 

92 (9) I. Margherita, b. Dec. 22, 1879. 

93 (9) n. Harold M., b. July 27, 1881. 

82. Rachael Steere Holder married Charles Allen 
Fry, 1859. He died April 17, 1862, in the Civil 
War, Co. I, 22d Reg., M. V. M. Issue. 



Appendix 283 

94 (8) I. Cora Belle, b. Apr. 26, i860; d. 

May 31, 1872. 
82. Rachael S. married the second time Willard 
G. Bruce, Sept, 23, 1867, who served in Civil War, 
Co. I, 5th Regt., M. V. M. 



25. Joseph Holder married a third time, De- 
borah Dillingham, Oct., 1850, at South Yarmouth, 
Mass. She died in 1851. 

26. Daniel Holder (1787) died in infancy. 



DESCENDANTS OF DAVID HOLDER (1788-1864). 

27. David Holder married Ruth Bassett, of Ux- 
bridge, Mass. Issue. 

95 (7) I. Rachael B., b. Bolton, June 30, 

1813; d. Vasselboro, Me., Jan. 11, 
1901. 

96 (7) n. William Penn, b. Aug. 26, 1816; d. 

Dec. 9, 1899, Lancaster, Mass. 

97 (7) III. Anna Maria, b. Dec. 4, 1830; d. May 

26, 1832. 

98 (7) IV. Caroline Elizabeth, b. Jan. 19, 1829; 

d. Dec. 25, 1829. 

99 (7) V. Francis T., b. Aug. 18, 1833. Ex- 

President Alexander Smith & 
Sons' Carpet Co., Yonkers, N. Y. 
Issue. 



284 Appendix 

95- Rachael B. Holder married Thomas B. Nich- 
ols, of Vasselboro, Me., b. Jan. 31, 1813; d. Dec. 30, 
1878. Issue. 

100 (8) I. David Holder Nichols, b. July 21, 

1842; d. at Harvard College, Nov. 
16, 1865. 

101 (8) n. Ruthanna, b. Dec. 31, 1848; mar- 

ried J. F. Washburn, of Vassel- 
boro, Oct. 3, 1889. 

96. William Penn Holder married Lois Wheeler. 
Issue. 

102 (8) I. Isaac Bassett, b. July 19, 1843; d. 

Mar. 3. 1852. 

103 (8) II. George William, b. June 21, 1846; d. 

Aug. 6, 185 1. 
96. William Penn Holder's second wife (married 
Sept. 15, 1850) was Hannah Smith Southwick, b. 
April 30, 1829; d. Nov. 10, 1899. She was the 
daughter of Daniel and Hannah Southwick, lineal 
descendants of Lawrence and Cassandra Southwick, 
who were imprisoned for entertaining Christopher 
Holder, account of which is given in previous 
pages. See also Whittier's poem "Cassandra South- 
wick." Issue. 

104 (8) I. Christopher Harris, b. Mar. i, 1856; 

d. Oct. 8, 1856. 

105 (8) II. Frederick Christopher, of Omaha, 

Neb., b. Feb. 15, 1857. 

106 (8) III. Lunette Ellsworth, b. July 28, 1861. 

Yonkers, N. Y. Issue. 



Appendix 285 

105. Frederick Christopher Holder married Sept. 
16, 1878, Emily E. Harriman, b. Nov. 30, 1856. 
Issue. 

107 (9) I- David Irving, b. June 8, 1879; d. 

April 4, 1881. 

108 (9) II. Hortense Nourse, b. Dec. i, 1880. 

109 (9) HI. Fred Colby, b. Nov. 11, 1883. 

110 (9) IV. William Pollard, b. Sept. 11, 1886. 
108. Hortense Nourse Holder married William 

I. Graham, of St. Joseph, Mo. Issue. 

111 (10) I. George Fred., b. Oct. 28, 1898. 

112 (10) II. William Alexander, b. Dec. 17, 1899. 

99. Francis T. Holder, of Yonkers, N. Y., and 
Pasadena, Cal., b. in Lancaster, now Clinton, Mass., 
Aug. 18, 1833; married Arabella P. Davis, b. Nov. 
13, 1834; d. Feb. 25, 1898. Issue. 

113 (8) I. Ava L. Holder, b. Dec. 30, 1853; 

married John Garrison Peene, of 
Yonkers. N. Y. 
Francis T. Holder married a second time, Eliza- 
beth W. Woodbury, of Bolton, Mass., b. Nov. i, 
1837. 

DESCENDANTS OF DANIEL HOLDER, SECOND 
(1791), OF BERLIN, MASS. 

28. Daniel Holder married, Sept. 15, 1819, Har- 
riet Hutchins, of Concord, N. H., b. May 13, 1793; 
d. Aug. 4, 1866. Issue. 

114 (7) I. Maria, b. June 28, 1820; d. Sept. 18, 

1863. 



286 Appendix 

115 (7) 11. Samuel H., b. Aug. 26, 1821; d. 

April 24, 1822. 

116 (7) III. Samuel (2d), b. Mar. 2, 1823. 

117 (7) IV. Phebe A. (poetess), b. Nov. 27, 

1824; graduate of Westfield Nor- 
mal College. 

118 (7) V. Jane, b. July 30, 1827. 

119 (7) VI. Mary Hutchins, b. July 8, 1833; 

graduate of Westfield Normal 
College. 

120 (7) VII. Levi H., b. Aug. 17, 1837. He was 

at Andersonville, 27th Mass. In- 
fantry; d. in service Oct. 20, 1866. 
Issue. 

115. Samuel Holder married Louisa M. Rice, of 
Hudson, Mass. Issue. 

121 (8) I. Charles Edward; killed in Civil 

War. 

122 (8) II. Lambert Bigelow, b. Dec, 1852; d. 

1856. 

123 (8) III. Lyman Daniel, b. 1847 ; d. Oct., 1848. 

124 (8) IV. Emily Lucinda; married Austin B. 

Howe. 

118. Jane Holder married Charles Bigelow, of 
Hudson, Mass. Issue. 
126 (8) I. Charles Herbert, b. Oct. 12, 1852. 

126 (8) II. Edward Daniel, b. Oct. 8, 1856; d. 

Oct. 25, 1875. 

127 (8) III. Alfred Putnam, b. Dec. 11, 1858. 

128 (8) IV. Warren Holder, b. Aug. 9, 1866. 



Appendix 287 

DESCENDANTS OF THOMAS HOLDER, SECOND. 

29. Thomas Holder (2d), 1794, married Lucy Fos- 

gate, b. ; d. Apr. 14, 1851, in Clinton, Mass. He 

lived on the homestead for many years. Issue. 

129 (7) I. Lydia, b. Aug. 3, 1834. 

130 (7) n. Susan Maria, b. Dec. 20, 1837. 

131 (7) HI. Sarah Gaskill, b. Feb. 5, 1840. 

Issue. 

129. Lydia V. Holder married Andrew D. Hub- 
bard, of Worcester, Oct. 19, i860. Issue. 

132 (8) I. Melvin Thomas, b. June 26, 1870. 

130. Susan Maria Holder married, in 1859, Theo- 
dore Gardner Morse, b. Feb. 24, 1836, East Cleve- 
land. Issue. 

133 (8) I. Charles Holder, b. July 14, 1868. 

Issue. 
133. Charles H. Morse married . Issue. 

134 (9) I. Earl William, b. May i, 1892. 

131. Sarah Gaskill Holder married Edgar Cor- 
don Noxon; b. Feb. 28, 1835; d- Aug. 28, 1884. 



DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HOLDER, OF BERLIN, 

MASS., YOUNGER SON OF THOMAS, OF 

NANTUCKET ( 1 799- 1 864). 

30. Major John Holder, of Bolton, married 
Sept. I, 1831, Caroline Althea Russell, b. Aug. 26, 
1807; d. Feb. 14, 1881; daughter of Col. Ebenezer 
Russell, of Springfield, Mass. Issue. 



288 Appendix 

135 (7) I- Ebenezer Russell, b. April 14, 1832; 

d. April 28, 1832. 

136 (7) n. Henry Thomas, b. April 14, 1832; 

d. April 16, 1832. 

137 (7) ni. Henry Russell, b. June 9, 1835; d. 

Mar. 4, 1898. Issue. 

137. Henry Russell married Dec. 8, 1858, Elmira 
Arnold Crosby, Marlboro, Mass., daughter of Ariel 
and Zermiah Hall Crosby, b. Nov. 10, 1838. Issue. 

138 (8) I. John Henry, b. Feb. 29, i860. 

139 (8) II. Leslie Elbridge, b. Mar. 24, 1862; 

d. April 16, 1862. 

140 (8) III. Minnie Melissa, b. Feb. 13, 1863. 

141 (8) IV. Wilfred Everett, b. Dec. i, 1864. 

142 (8) V. Perley, b. Dec. 21, 1867; d. May 9, 

1868. 

143 (8) VI. Edith Irene, b. April 20, 1870. 

144 (8) VII. Herman Sumner, b. Feb. 14, 1874- 

145 (8) VIII. Elsie Elmira. b. Dec. 25, 1875. 

Issue. 

138. John Henry Holder married Fanny Maria 
Workman, of Bolton, Mass., Sept 21, 1887. Issue. 

146 (9) I- Marion Gertrude, b. Nov. 26, 1889. 

147 (9) II- Perley, b. Nov. 24, 1892. 

148 (9) III. Mildred, b. Nov. 26, 1894. 

140. Minnie Melissa married John Dwight Will- 
iams of Deerfield, Mass. Issue. 

149 (9) I. Mary Elmira, b. Oct. 23, 1886. 

150 (9) II. Ruby Althea, b. Sept. 21, 1890. 



Appendix 289 

151 (9) III. Leon Allen, b. Sept. 28, 1896. 

143. Edith Irene Holder married Francis Levi 
Taylor. Issue. 

152 (9) L Zillah Frances, b. Dec. 20, 1897. 
145. Elsie Elmira married Ortwyn R. Seymour, 

of Sudbury, Mass. Issue. 

153 (9> I. Bertha Elsie, b. Mar. 5, 1898. 

154 (9) II. Roscoe Holder, b. May 26, 1900. 



DESCENDANTS OF RICHARD HOLDER, OF LYNN, 
MASS. (1757-1835). 

17. Richard Holder (see marriage contract), of 
Lynn, married April 4, 1784, Mary, daughter of 
Isaiah and Mary Breed.* Issue. 

155 (6) I. Miriam A. I., b. April 24, 1788; 

156 (6) II. Ebenezer, b. Aug. 22, 1790; d. . 

157 (6) III. Daniel, b. July 2, 1792; d. Feb. 8. 

1840. 

158 (6) IV. Hannah, b. Mar. 14, 1795. 

*The immediate family names on the Breed side are as follows : 
Jabez Breed, of Lynn, b. 1700; married Desire Breed, b. 1700. 
Issue. Isaiah, b. Oct. 25, 1724, married Hannah Estes Breed, b. 
Sept. 13, 1709. Issue, i. Desire, b. Feb. 16, 1748. 2. Louis, b. July 
7i 1750. 3- Hannah, b. Jan. 24, 1750. 4. Eunice, b. Nov. 14, 
1753- 5- Jabez, b. Jan. 24, 1755. 6. Mary (Holder), b. July 18, 
1757. 7. Moses, b. Nov. 23, 1758. 8. Ebenezer, b. May 12, 1762. 



290 Appendix 



159 (6) 


V. 


Aaron Lummus, b. Feb. 4, 1797 






(marriage certificate in posses- 






sion of author); d. June 23, 1857. 


156. Ebenezer married Huldah Luscomb. Issue. 


160 (7) 


I. 


Daniel. 


161 (7) 


II. 


Edward. 


162 (7) 


III. 


William; d. . 


163 (7) 


IV. 


Ellen, b. ; married Tar- 
box: d. . 


164 (7) 


V. 


Miriam, b. ; married Tar- 
box. 


165 (7) 


VI. 


Anne. 


166 (7) 


VII. 


Elizabeth, b. ; married Mark 

Caswell, Lynn, Son Warren Cas- 
well. 



DESCENDANTS OF DANIEL HOLDER, SECOND, OF 
NEW YORK AND BALTIMORE (179I). 

He married Sarah Fairbanks Houghton, in Lynn, 
1818. She was born Oct. 29. 1800; d. Jan. 10, 1880. 
Issue. 

167 (7) I- Charles Warren, b. Chicago, Sept. 

29, 1819; d. April IS, 1900. 

168 (7) n. Richard Houghton, b. Baltimore, 

April 15, 1822; d. Freeport, 111., 

July I, 1899. 
167. Charles Warren Holder; married Jan. 29, 
1841, Mary Jane Wilner, b. Nov. 15, 1819; d. Jan. 
15, 1899. Issue. 



Appendix 291 

169 (8) I. Althea, b. Jan., 1842; d. Jan., 1847. 

170 (8) II. Daniel, b. Bloomington, 111., May 

23, 1844. 

171 (8) III. Mary, b. Jan., 1847; d. 1857. 

172 (8) IV. William Isaac, b. Bloomington, 

111., May 30, 1849. 

173 (8) V. Richard, b. 1851; d. 1851. 

174 (8) VI. James Warren, b. July 4, 1853. 

175 (8) VII. Charles Vernon, b. Chicago, 111., 

Feb. 26, 1856. 

176 (8) VIII. Emily, b. Chicago, 111., May 38, 

1859. Issue. 

170. Daniel Holder, Bloomington, 111.; married 
Kate Saltonstall, of Tremont. Issue. 

177 (9) I. Samuel, b. Oct. 24, 1873- 

178 (9) 11. Julia, b. Dec. 25, 1884. 

172, William Isaac Holder, Morocco, Ind., mar- 
ried Nov. 3, 1869, Ida Webber Bowen, of same 
place, b. Nov. 17, 1848. Issue. 

179 (9) I. Warren D., b. July 2, 1871; d. Mar. 

12, 1890. 

180 (9) II. Vernon M., b. Oct. 26, 1873. 

181 (9) III- Jessie M., b. Mar. 3, 1876; married 

June 20, 1901, F. C. Stewart. 

182 (9) Illa. Ella Moore, b. Aug. 15, 1878. 

183 (9) IV. Harry, b. Sept. 30, 1880. 

184 (9) V. Archie B., b. Oct. 10, 1883. 



292 Appendix 

185 (9) VI. William, b. Jan. 10, 1887; d. Jan. 

19, 1887. 

186 (9) VII. Charles W., b. May 26, 1889. 

174. James Warren Holder, of Salisbury, Md., 
married Jessie Preston Codding, b. Sept. 5, 1859, of 
Lockport, 111. 

175. Charles Vernon Holder married Gertrude 
Final Dodson, b. Bloomington, 111., April i, 1862. 
Issue. 

187 (9) I. Edith Marion, b. June 18, 1888. 

188 (9) n. Ruth Mildred, b. Sept. 9, 1890. 

168. Richard H. Holder married Mary Jane Al- 
drich, of Uxbridge, Mass., Nov. 2, 1854. Issue. 

189 (8) I. Sarah, b. Sept. 6, 1855; d. Sept. 6. 

1855. 

190 (8) II. Mary Eliza, b. July 29, 1857. 

191 (8) III. Sarah Aldrich, b. June 25, i860; d. 

Sept. 24, 1899. 

192 (8) IV. Amy Breed, b. June 4, 1863; d. 

Aug. 8, 1865. 

193 (8) V. Annie Bell, b. Nov. 16, 1865; d. 

Oct. 20, 1867. 

194 (8) VI. Richard Valentine, b. Oct. 19, 1868. 

Is Assistant General Agent Chi- 
cago & N. W. R. R., 210 Clark 
Street, Chicago, 111. 

158. Hannah (1795); Married . 



Appendix 293 

DESCENDANTS OF AARON LUMMUS HOLDER. 

159. Aaron Lummus Holder, of Lynn, son of 
Richard and Mary Breed Holder, married Rachael 
Bassett,* of Uxbridge, daughter of Joseph Bassett, 
Friends (marriage certificate in possession of 
author), b. July 6, 1797; d. Mar. 24, 1864. Issue. 

195 (7) I. Anne B., b. June 12, 1823 (?); d. 

Dec. 15, 1823. 

196 (7) 11. Joseph Bassett, b. Lynn, Oct. 25, 

1824; d. New York, Feb. 8, 1888. 

197 (7) in. Mary, b. Lynn, July 2S, 1827; d. 

Bloomington, 111., Oct. 29, 1868. 

198 (7) IV. Sarah, b. Lynn, July 19, 1829; d. 

Jan. 3, 1902. 

199 (7) V, James Warren, b. Lynn, Oct. 19, 

1835; d. Oct. 8, 1865. Issue. 

196. Joseph Holder, M.D., U.S.A., married 

Emily Augusta Gove, of Lynn, b. Nov. 20, 1829. 
Issue. 

200 (8) I. Charles Frederick Holder, b. Lynn, 

Aug. 5, 185 1 ; married Sarah Eli- 
zabeth Ufford, b. Brooklyn, 
N. Y., Aug. 30, 1852. Issue. 

* Rachael Bassett's grandparents were Joseph and Alice Bassett. 
Her father, Joseph Bassett, b. Mar. 26, 1752 ; d. July 26, 1836. On 
the maternal side her grandparents were Joseph and Elizabeth 
Aldrich, her mother Rachael Aldrich. Her brothers and sisters 
were : Ephriam, b. Sept. 7, 1799 ; Hannah Bassett, b. May 23, 1791 ; 
Amy Bassett, b. April 11, 1793; Ruth Bassett, b. May 9, 1795. 



294 Appendix 

201 (9) I. Emily Eaton, b. Dec. 4, 1884; d. 

April 9, 1885. 



198. Sarah Holder, Lynn; married Leander H. 
Aldrich, of Lynn, b. July i, 1828; moved to Bloom- 
ington, 111. Issue. 

202 (8) I. William Allen, b. Cal., Sept. 3, 

185s; d. Oct. 26, 1856. 

203 (8) II. Rachael, b. Cal., Mar. 31, 1858; d. 

Dec. 10, 1897. 

204 (8) III. Charles Edwin, b. Lynn, Feb. I, 

1862. 

205 (8) IV. Arthur Ellwood, b. Dec. 12, 1863. 

206 (8) V. Mary Holder, b. April 6, 1866; d. 

Feb. 13, 1869. 

207 (8) VI. Isabel Warren, b. July, 1871. Issue. 



203. Rachael Holder Aldrich married Addison 
James McComb, Bloomington, 111., Jan. 30, 1895. 
Issue. 
208 (9) I- James Addison, b. May 21, 1897. 



204. Charles Edwin Aldrich married Rose Mad- 
den, Oct. 9, 1889, Beloit, Wis. Issue. 

209 (9) I- Helen Rachael, b. Nov. 19, 1890. 

210 (9) IL Edmonia, b. Feb. i, 1892. 

211 (9) HI. Dorothy, b. June 5, 1895. 

212 (9) IV. Rosemary, b. Sept., 1897. 



213 (9) 


'[^ 


214 (9) 


II. 


215 (9) 


III. 


216 (9) 


IV. 


216a(9) 


V. 



Appendix 295 

205. Arthur Ellwood Aldrich married Jessie 
French, June 20, 1889, White Water, Wis. Issue. 
Lynn Ellis, b. May 17, 1890. 
Warren Holder, b. Nov. 18, 1891. 
Ellwood Harmon, b. June 20, 1895. 
Marion Ruth, b. Jan. 3, 1897. 
Mary; d. young. 
207. Isabel Warren Aldrich married Frank 
Loomis Washburne, June 24, 1896. 



199. James Warren Holder married Sept. 17, 
1862, Isabel Kittredge Gordon, of Lynn, b. July 7, 
1841, daughter of Nicholas and Ruth Gordon. 
Issue. 

217 (8) I. James Gordon, b. Aug. 16, 1863; 

graduated at Mass. Institute of 
Technology, May 27, 1884. Suc- 
ceeded to business of his grand- 
father in Lynn. 

218 (8) II. Leila Warren, b. Oct. 4, 1865. 



DESCENDANTS OF DANIEL HOLDER (1761), OF 
NANTUCKET AND MARBLEHEAD. 

20. Daniel Holder married Susannah , who 

died Aug. 3, 1807. Issue. 
20 



296 Appendix 

219 (6) I. Nathaniel, b. ; d. in his twen- 

tieth year. 

220 (6) II. Sally, b. ; d. June i, 1808; mar- 

ried Capt. Dennis, of . 

221 (6) III. Nancy, b. ; married Capt. 

Christopher Bassett, of Ames- 
bury, Mass.; d. . 

222 (6) IV. Betsy, b. ; married Samuel 

Bouden, of Marblehead. 

223 (6) V. Jane Holder, b. ; married 

Smithurst. Moved to Ohio. 

Her great-granddaughter was 
Anna Brown, of Hamilton, Ohio, 
who married Samuel Ridenour, 
Kansas City. 

224 (6) VI. Mary (Polly), b. , 1756; d. 

Jan. 26, 1842; unmarried. 

225 (6) VII. Daniel Holder, Quaker, of Marble- 

head, b. July, II, 1774; d. Sept. 
25, 1816; married Desire Styles, 
of Marblehead, daughter of Capt. 
Richard and Desire P. Styles, 
April 9, 1797. She was born May 
24, 1769; d. Oct. 9, 1839. Said to 
have been thirteen children. 
One of the children of the above, a daughter, 

married Wyatt. Another daughter married 

Capt. Rappelle. Issue. 



Appendix 297 

DESCENDANTS OF DANIEL AND DESIRE HOLDER. 

226 (7) I. Daniel, b. Jan. 26, 1799; d. Mar. 

12, 1801. 

227 (7) n. Nathaniel, b. Sept. 30, 1800; d. Oct. 

15, 1804. 

228 (7) ni. Daniel, b. May 5, 1802; d. April 21. 

1807. 

229 (7) IV. Desire, b. Feb. 28, 1804; d. Feb. 

24, 1820, 

230 (7) V. Sally, b. Feb. 24, 1806; d. June 24, 

1900; married Joseph Selman, of 
Marblehead, who died in Lynn, 

Nov. , 1873. She remembered 

an attempt made by Holders to 
obtain the "$2,000,000 fortune." 

231 (7) VI. Daniel, of Marblehead, b. May 14, 

1808; d. Sept. 14, 1843; mer- 
chant; had large cooperage in 
St. Johns, Porto Rico. 

232 (7) VII. Nathaniel, of Lynn, Mass., Clergy- 

man; b. Jan. 19, 1811; d. June 24, 
1900. 

233 (7) VIIL Susannah, b. Sept. 16, 1814; d. 

Nov. 20, 1899; married Isaac Ab- 
bott Allen Aug. 13, 1835. He 
died Aug. 3, 1894. Issue. 

231. Daniel Holder, of Marblehead, married 
Mary Mandlifif Morris, of Boston, b. Nov. 2, 1808: 
d. Jan. 23, 1883. Issue. 



298 Appendix 

234 (8) I. Mary Emily, of Boston, b. Aug. i, 

1834; d. July 7, 1901; married 
Oscar F. Howe, of Fitzwilliam. 

N. H.; b. Oct. , 1836; d. Nov. 

10, 1893. No issue. 

235 (8) 11. Daniel Curtis, of Boston, b. Jan. 2, 

1832; d. Feb. 23, 1901. 

236 (8) III. Abby Morris, Santa Barbara, Cal. 

237 (8) IV. Frances Adelaide, Santa Barbara, 

Cal. 

235. Daniel Curtis Holder married Lucy Blake, 
of Kensington, N. H., b. Aug. 6, 1839. Issue. 

238 (9) I- Frederic Blake, b. Mar. i, 1S60. 

239 (9) 11. Mary Evelyn, b. Feb. 3, 1863; d. 

July 22, 1876. 

240 (9) in. Daniel Curtis, Jr., b. June 30, 1867. 

241 (9) IV. Dr. Oscar Howe, of New York, b. 

June 30, 1867. Issue. 

238. Frederic Blake Holder, Boston, Mass., 
married Agnes Loyd Woodrufif, of Brooklyn, N. Y., 
b. June 26, 1867. Issue. 

242 (10) I. Edith, b. June 26, 1892. 

243 (10) II. Agnes, b. Jan. 3, 1895. 

240. Daniel Curtis Holder, Jr., Boston, married 
Agnes Stewart, of New Orleans, b. Sept. 30, 1873. 
Issue. 

244 (10) I. Daniel Stewart, b. Feb. i, 1891. 



Appendix 299 

232. Nathaniel Holder, of Lynn, Mass., married 
Hannah Dodge Morgan, of Salem, Mass., daughter 
of Andrew and Rachael SafTord Morgan, Aug. 12, 

Sarah Selman, b. July 3, 1834; d. 

Jan. 17, 1896. 
Elizabeth Saflford, b. Jan. 7, 1836. 
Mary Ann Morgan, b. Nov. 12, 

1837; d. June 2, 1900. 
Harriet Ella, b. June 23, 1839. 
William Channing, b. Mar. 7, 1841 
Caroline Healey, b. Nov. 28, 1842 
Theodora Parker, b. July 30, 1844. 
Langdon Healey, b. Mar. 10, 1846 
Clara Bassett, b. Feb. 6, 1848; d 

April 21, 1891. 

254 (8) X. Nathaniel Holder, Jr., b. Sept. 22, 

1849. 

255 (8) XI. Emma, b. Sept. 2, 1851; d. Mar. 

21, 1878. 

256 (8) XII. Zulette, b. July 15, 185 ; d. Aug. 



1832. Issue. 


245 (8) 


I. 


246 (8) 


II. 


247 (8) 


III. 


248 (8) 


IV. 


249 (8) 


V. 


250 (8) 


VI. 


251 (8) 


VII. 


252 (8) VIII. 


253 (8) 


IX. 



257 (8) XIII. Daniel, b. April i, 1855; d. Nov. 

30, 1856. Issue. 

245. Sarah Selman Holder married Charles 
Augustus Adams Mar. 14, 1854, of Jaffray, N. H.; d. 
Middleton, Ohio, Nov. 19, i860. Issue. 

258 (9) I. Charles Holder Adams, b. Dec. 29, 

1855; d. Nov. 27. 1866. 



261 (9) 


I. 


262 (9) 


11. 


263 (9) 


III. 


264 (9) 


IV. 


265 (9) 


V. 



300 Appendix 

259 (9) n. Sarah Augusta, b. Sept. 16, 1858; d. 

Middleton, Ohio, Mar. 10, 1859. 

260 (9) III. Clara Bassett, b. Middleton, Ohio, 

May 16, i860. 

245. Sarah Selman Holder Adams married a 
second time, in Lynn, Henry Breed; d. Sept. 27, 
1896. Issue. 

Flora Holder, b. July 12, 1863. 
Henry Lincoln, b. May 21, 1865; d. 

, 1865. 

Isabel Morgan, b. Aug. 8, 1867. 
Sarah Ellen, b. Mar. 7, 1870. 
Emma Hawthorn, b. Nov. 14, 1872. 

246. Elizabeth Safford Holder married, in Lynn, 
Amos Sebastian Adams, M.D., of Jaffray, N. H., 
May 7, 1855. He died in Mansfield, Ohio, Aug. 11, 
1881. Issue. 

266 (9) I- Helen Elizabeth, b. in Lynn, Sept. 

15, 1857. 

267 (9) II- Florence Adams, b. Mar. 24, i860; 

d. Sept. 25, 1887. 

268 (9) III- Annie Martin, b. Mar. 21, 1862. 

269 (9) IV. Gertrude, b. Mar. 26, 1868. 

270 (9) V. Dr. Nathaniel Holder, b. Jan. 14. 

1871; married Clara Rosina 
Melchert in 1900. Lives in Chi- 
cago. 



Appendix 301 

247. Mary Ann Morgan Holder married, in 
Lynn, Andrew J. Kidder, of New London, Conn., 
Dec. 31, 1863. Issue. 

271 (9) L Martha Richards, b. Norfolk, Va., 

April 16, 1868. 

272 (9) n. Henry Worcester, b. Lynn, Mass., 

Jan. 25, 1871. 

273 (9) in. Andrew Jackson, b. New London, 

N. H., Mar. 14, 1873; married 
Helen Arnold Bowles, of Hart- 
ford, Conn., 1898; d. Jan. 20, 1901. 
No. issue. 

274 (9) IV. May Holder, b. Springfield, N. H., 

April 3, 1875. 

275 (9) V. William Mudgett, b. New London, 

N. H., Jan. 8, 1878. 

276 (9) VI. Nathaniel Holder, b. New London, 

N. H., Oct. 19, 1880; d. Jan. 2, 
1881. 

277 (9) VII. Luther McCutcheon, b. New Lon- 

don, N. H., Feb. I, 1884. 

249. William Channing Holder married, Lynn, 
Helen Shedd, of Peabody, Mass., Jan. 25, 1870. 
Issue. 

278 (9) I. William Leighton, b. Feb. 26, 1871; 

d. July 21, 1871. 

279 (9) II- Henry Allen, b. Sept. 4, 1872. 

280 (9) III- Jesse Morgan, b. Feb. 9, 1874. 

281 (9) IV. Mary Esther, b. Mar. 28, 1875. 



302 Appendix 

282 (9) V. Helen Zulette, b. Aug. 6, 1876. 

283 (9) VI. Walter Safford, b. Oct. 27, 1879. 

284 (9) VII. Marcellus, b. Oct. 8, 1882; d. April 

6, 1883. 

285 (9) VIII. Bertha Louise, b. April 8, 1884. 

251. Theodora Parker Holder, of Lynn, married 
July 20, 1870, John Alexander Jameson, of Ells- 
worth, Me. Issue. 

Hannah Holder, b. May 8, 1871. 
Charles Smith, b. Aug. 12, 1873. 
George Sargeant, b. Oct. — , 1874. 
Sarah Abbie, b. Sept. — , 1876. 
Arthur Lawrence, b. Jan, 10, 1879. 
VI. John Alexander, b. Mar. 10, 1881; 
d. July 25, 1885. 
Holder Morgan, b. Lynn, Aug. 5, 

1882. 
Lucy Cook, b. Dec. 24, 18 — . Issue. 

286. Hannah Holder Jameson married W. H. 
Peabody, of Lynn, Aug 20, 1890. Issue. 

294 (10) I. Nathaniel Holder, b. Aug. 8, 1891. 

295 (10) II. George Herbert, b. Feb. 19, 1893. 

296 (10) III. Paul Edgcombe, b. Jan. 30, 1895. 

297 (10) IV. Theodore Hitchcock, b. March 20, 

1898. 

287. Charles Smith Jameson married, in Water- 
bury, Ct, Clara Haines Boyd, Oct. 17, 1899. No 
issue. 



286 (9) 


I. 


287 (9) 


IL 


288 (9) 


in. 


289 (9) 


IV. 


290 (9) 


V. 


291 (9) 


VI. 


292 (9) 


VIL 


293 (9) 


vin. 



298 (9) 

299 (9) 

300 (9) 


I. 

II. 

III. 


301 (9) 

302 (9) 

303 (9) 


IV. 

V. 

VI. 



Appendix 303 

288. George Sargent Jameson married Alice 
May Welch, of Lynn, June 7, 1900. 

252. Langdon Healey Holder, of Lynn, married 
Ella Maria Jackson Oct. 28, 1868. Councilman, 
Alderman and Representative. Issue. 

Alice Josephine, b. Oct. 29, 1869. 
Amy Leland b. June 21, 1871. 
Healey Langdon, b. Mar. 2, 1874; 

d. Mar. 21, 1878. 
Ernest Morgan, b. Aug. 8, 1876. 
Bessie Davenport, b. Oct. 3, 1878. 
Everett Tracy, b. Dec. 6, 1883. 
Issue. 



299. Amy Leland Holder married Willard Nath- 
aniel Morrison, of Chelsea, Mass., Oct. 15, 1890. 
Issue. 

304 (10) I. Harold Ivory, b. Sept. 5, 1891. 

305 (10) II. Willard Langdon, b. Aug. 27, 1892. 

306 (10) III. Ella Marjorie, b. Oct. 2, 1896. 

307 (10) IV. Hazell Amy, b. June 2, 1901. 

252. Langdon H. Holder married a second time 
Anna Sophia Nutter, of Lynn, June 12, 1894. No 
issue. 

253. Clara Bassett Holder married Daniel Frank 
Bennett, in Lynn, July 12, 1871. Issue. 

308 (9) I- Clara, b. and d. May — , 1872. 

309 (9) II. Frank, b. June 21, 1873; d. Nov. 

28, 1873. 



310 (9) 

311 (9) 


I. 
II. 


312 (9) 

313 (9) 

314 (9) 

315 (9) 


III. 
IV. 

V. 
VI. 



304 Appendix 

254. Nathaniel Holder, Jr., of Lynn, married 
Ellen Ardelia Dow, of Keene, N. H., Aug. 22, 1877. 
Issue. 

Nathaniel Dow, b. July 21, 1878. 
Andrew Morgan, b. June 29, 1880; 

d. April I, 1900. 
Frank Pierson, b. Dec. 6, 1883. 
Ralph, b. Nov. 19, 1885. 
Clara Ethel, b. July 25, 1888. 
Lillian, b. July 14, 1891. Issue. 

310. Nathaniel Dow Holder married Alice Inez 
Winslow, June 20, 1900. Issue. 

316 (10) I. Andrew Nathaniel Dow, b. July 

16, 1901; d. Aug. I, 1901. 

255. Emma Holder married Jackson Locke 
(lawyer), of Chelsea, Mass., Dec. 13, 1871. He died 
June 10, 1899. Mr. Locke was a lineal descendant 
of Captain Locke, of the "Speedwell." Issue. 

317 (9) I. Sarah Sanborn, b. Nov. 30, 1872; 

d. Mar. 21, 1878. 

318 (9) n. Emma May, b. Oct. 7, 1875. 

319 (9) III. Sanborn Holder, b. Mar. 4, 1878. 

Issue. 

318. Emma May Locke married Wilson Hiram 
Thorne June, 1899. Issue. 

320 (10) I- Stella May Thorne, b. May 19, 1900. 

319. Sanborn Holder Locke married Lillian 
Alice Jones, of Danvers, Mass., Jan. 24, 1900. Issue. 

321 (10) I- Howard Sanborn, b. June 3, 1901; 

d. June 6, 1901. 



Appendix 305 

The list of Oxford University Graduates con- 
tains besides the name of William Holder, D.D., 
already referred to, the following Holders: 

Nathan Holder, B.A., 1679; M.A., 1683, of 
Emmanuel College, Cambridge. 

Clement Holder, of Pembroke College, Cam- 
bridge, B.A., 1689; M.A., 16—. 

Robert Keyse Holder, B.A., 1813; M.A., 1830 (?), 
St. John's College, Oxford. 



NEW BRUNSWICK, CANADA, HOLDERS. 

Holder married , Northport, L. I., 

1756 (?). Issue. 

1. George (?). 

2. John. 

3. Jacob, b. Aug. 15, 1757; d. June 29, 1828, 
Northport, L. I. Issue. 

Jacob married Mary Sharp, b. July 24, 1767; d. 
April 16, 1864, at Staten Island, N. Y. Issue. 

1. Samuel, b. July 4, 1790; d. May, 1875, Long 
Reach, N. B. 104 British Reg., War of 1812. 

2. Rachael, b. Dec. 23, 1791, Long Reach, N. B. 

3. John, b. Aug. i, 1794, Long Reach, N. B. 

4. Sarah, b. Mar. 21, 1796; d. Feb. 14, 1821, Long 
Reach, N. B. 

5. Martha, b. Mar. 21, 1796; d. Dec. 18, 1869, 
Long Reach, N. B. 



3o6 Appendix 

6. Jacob, b. May 30, 1799; d. Jan. 9, 1835, Long 
Reach, N. B. 

7. Robert, b. Sept. 19, 1802; d. April 18, 1865, 
Long Reach, N. B. 

8. Mary, b. July 2Z, 1806, Long Reach, N. B. 

9. George William, b. Mar. 9, 1812, Montreal, 
Canada. Issue. 



(i.) Samuel Holder married Lucretia Belyea 
(descendant of Aneka Jans); b. July 4, 1793; d. July 
4, 1 861. Issue. 

1. Nancy Jane, b. April 10, 1814; d. Mar. 9, 1881; 
married Laskey. 

2. Mary Ann, b. July 16, 1815; d. Oct. 10, 1878; 
married Crawford. 

3. Abraham B., b. Mar. 17, 1817, Holderville. 

4. Catherine S., b. Feb. 5, 1819; married 

Pitt, Holderville. 

5. John George, b. Nov. 30, 1820; d. Mar. 12, 
1887, at sea. 

6. Samuel Joshua, b. Oct. 25, 1822; d. Jan. 28, 

1894. 

7. Edwin Jacob, b. Aug. 7, 1824; d. April 25, 

1884. 

8. Charles Henry, b. May 27, 1826. 

9. Raymond Surrey, b. July 30, 1828; lost at sea 
Dec, 1861. 

10. Howard Horace, b. April 3, 1830, Holder- 
ville; d. April 14, 1882. 



Appendix 307 

11. Lavina Amelia, b. Feb. 24, 1833; married 

Fullerton; d. May 12, 1893. 

12. Robert James, b. Dec. i, 1834, Holderville. 

13. Leverett Thomas, b. Dec. 29, 1836; d. Aug. 
4, 1870. 

(7.) Edwin Jacob married, in 1848, Hannah Par- 
rett. Issue. 

1. Thomas Howard, b. Jan. 24, 1852; d. Mar. 
27, 1892. 

2. Abram Belyea, b. Nov. 10, 1853. 

3. Susan Amelia, b. Dec. 25, 1855. 

4. Agnes Lucretia, b. Sept. 20, 1858. 

5. Ada Elizabeth, b. Aug. 6, i860; d. Jan. 9, 1889. 

6. Edwin Jacob, b. Nov. 17, 1862, Amesbury, 
Mass. 

7. Raymond Le Barron, b. Nov. 17, 1864. 

8. Frank William, b. Aug. 7, 1866. 

12. Robert James married . Issue. 

I. Leonard Gaetz Holder. He married Mary 
Alice Williams. Issue. 

1. Harriet E. 

2. Marion Hope. 

3. Clara Chipman. 

4. Leonard Bryant. 

5. Victor Phillip. 

6. Doris Mary. 

7. Robert Lurrey. 



3o8 Appendix 

(13.) Leverett Thomas married Angelina Hend- 
erson, b. Oct. 26, 1842; d. Mar. 13, 1900, Holderville. 
Issue. 

1. William Bayard, b. Nov. 12, i860, Holderville. 

2. Margaret Lucretia, b. Jan. 8, 1862; married 
Hawker, Holderville. 

3. Jennie Amelia, b. Mar. 2, 1863; married 

Duke, Holderville. 

4. Charlotte Elizabeth, b. May 18, 1864; d. Sept. 
30, 1893; married Hawker, Holderville. 

5. Leverett Thomas, b. Sept. 5, 1867. 

6. Herbert Abraham, b. Oct. 13, 1870, St. Johns. 
Issue. 

(6.) Herbert A. married Emeline Ames, b. Nov. 
8, 1872, East Boston. Issue. 

1. Herbert P. A., b. Dec. 25, 1894, Roxbury, 
Mass. 

2. Ruth, b. July 20, 1896; d. Feb. 16, 1898, Rox- 
bury, Mass. 

3. Marion, b. Sept. i, 1897, Roxbury, Mass. 

4. Phillip E., b. Aug. 23, 1899, Roxbury, Mass. 

(4.) Catherine S. Holder, b. Feb. 5, 1819; married 
David L. Pitt, Long Reach, Sept. 19, 1844. Issue. 

1. Hannah Lucretia, b. May 20, 1846; d. Aug. 

23, 1847. 

2. Edwin Jacob, b. June 14, 1848; d. 1873, at sea. 

3. David Leonard, b. Butte, Mont., Feb. 3, 1850. 



Appendix 309 

4. Abraham Wilmot, b. Nov. 9, 1851; d. 1873, at 
sea. 

5. William Raymond, b. Feb. 8, 1854; d. Mar. 
25, 1854. 

6. Emma Alice, b. Feb. 17, 1857. 

(7.) Edwin Jacob Holder, b. Long Reach, Aug. 7, 
1824; d. April 25, 1884; married May 26, 1849, Han- 
nah Parrett, b. Dec. 26, 1824. Issue. 

1. Thomas Howard, b. Jan. 24, 1850; d. Feb., 
1892, at sea. 

2. Abraham Belyea, b. Nov. 10, 1853. 

3. Susan Amelia (Henderson), b. Holderville, 
N. B., Dec, 25, 1855. 

4. Agnes Lucretia, b. Sept. 22, 1858. 

5. Ada Elizabeth, b. Aug. 7. i860; d. Feb., 1889. 

6. Edwin Jacob, b. Amesbury, Mass., Nov. 7, 
1862. 

7. Raymond Le Barron, b. St. John, N. B., 
Nov. 17, 1864. 

8. Frank William, b. Everett, Mass., Aug. 6, 
1866. 

(8.) Charles Henry Holder, Carlton, N. B., b. 
May 27, 1826; married Deborah Anne Roberts, July, 
1851. Issue. 

1. George Edwin, b. July 27, 1853. 

2. Hannah Roberts, b. Holderville, N. B., Sept. 
20, 1862. 

3. Elmira Elizabeth, b. Sept. 28, 1864. 

4. Hattie Ella, b. Jan. 27, 1867. 



3IO Appendix 

(6.) Samuel Joshua Holder, of Long Reach, b. 
Oct. 25, 1822; d. Jan. 28, 1894; married Sarah Anne 
Whittaker. Issue. 

1. Samantha Jane. 

2. George Milton. 

3. Charles William. 

4. Joshua Abraham. 

5. Edwin Shaler; d. at sea. 

6. Louisa Sarah. 

(10.) Howard Horace Holder, Long Reach^ 
N. B., married Margaret Bubar, 1873. Issue. 

1. Robert Parker, b. Feb. 4, 1874; d. Jan., 1901. 

2. Fanny, b. June 7, 1876. 

3. Lucretia Belyea, b. Sept. 3, 1877. 

4. Arthur Howard, b. July 10, 1880. 

(12.) Robert James Holder, Long Reach, N. B., 
married Elizabeth Kitchen Holder, Sept. 4, i860. 
Issue. 

1. John Samuel, b. St. John, Sept. 16, 1861. 

2. Leonard Geatz, b. Dec. 7, 1866. 

3. Mary Eliza, b. June 18, 1867. 
4 Pearl, b. Mar. 7, 1876. 

5. Myrtle, b. 1880. 

6. Jessie, b. July 4, 1882. 

7. Surray Le Barron, b. Oct. 7, 1885. 

(2.) Mary Ann Holder married Thomas Craw- 
ford, Long Reach, 1878. Issue. 
I. Robert; d. at sea. 



Appendix 311 



2. James. 

3. Charlotte; married Waters. 

4. George; d. igoo. 

5. Mina; married Waters. 



(11.) Lavinia Amelia Holder married Elisha Ful- 
lerton, 1893. Issue. 

1. Sarah Jane, b. Feb. 9, 1852; married 

Cronk. 

2. Robert Holder, b. Aug. 23, 1854. 



George Burnett, b. Sept. 23, 1856. 
James William, b. August 17, 1857. 
Elisha Peck, b. June 29, 1859. 
Abraham Bell, b. Sept. 3, 1862. 
Amelia Alice, b. Feb. 18, 1864. 
Lucretia Bacon, b. Jan. 12, 1866. 
Mary Ella, b. Sept. 23, 1868. 
Samuel Leverett, b. July 11, 1869. 
Lottie Augusta, b. Oct. 26, 1870. 
Frank Stanley, b. July 4, 1872. 



(2.) Hannah R. Holder, b. 1862; married James 
T, Crawford, Long Reach, 1886. Issue. 

1. Edna Jean, b. Holderville, May 2, 1888. 

2. Elinor Grace, b. Holderville, Dec. 18, 1893. 

3. George Robert Abraham, b. Aug. 7, 1896; d. 
Mar. 14, 1897. 

4. John B. G., b. Dec. 23, 1897. 
21 



312 Appendix 

(i.) William Bayard Holder, b. i860, East Bos- 
ton, Mass. ; married Susie E. Minot, b. Brunswick, 
Me., Jan. 6, 1866. Issue. 

1. Angeline, b. April 19, 1889; d. July 15, 1890. 

2. Helen Minot, b. Mar. 14, 1891; d. July 28, 1891. 

3. Eugenie Mabel, b. Aug. 22, 1892. 

4. Walter Bayard, b. Sept. 21, 1893. 

5. Charlotte Mildred, b. June 9, 1898; d. Jan. 3, 
igoo. 

(3.) Jennie Amelia Holder, b. Mar. 2, 1863; mar- 
ried Joseph P. Duke, East Boston. Issue. 

1. Joseph Canfield, b. Dec. 22, 1890. 

2. Thomas Francis, b. Dec. 23, 1891. 

3. Margaret Ethel, b. April 4, 1893; d. June 6, 

1893. 

4. Jennie Amelia, b. May 30, 1894. 

5. Bayard Tilton, b. June 19, 1896. 

6. Lena Marie, b. June 22, 1897; d. Aug. 4, 1897. 

7. John Westley, b. Sept. 26, 1898. 

8. Arthur Allen, b. April 12, 1901. 

(4.) Charlotte Elizabeth Holder, b. 1864; mar- 
ried Walter W. Hawker, of St. John, N. B. Issue. 
I. Frances Hilda, b. Nov. 21, 1887. 

(5.) Leverett Thomas Holder, of Marblehead, 
Mass., married Mina Dunn, Sept. 20, 1893. Issue. 
I. Leverett Thomas, Jr., b. May, 1899. 



Appendix 313 

HOLDERS, OF HULL, ENGLAND. 
From the records of Mr. J. F. Holder, of Brooklyn, N. Y. 

William Holder, born at Barmston, Holderness, 
Yorkshire branch, March 24, 1736; died March 12, 
1822; married June 10, 1766, in Bridlington church, 
Elizabeth Hall, daughter of Edward Hall, of Flam- 
boro Head, Holderness, who died July 30, 1769. 
She was born at Flamboro Head, August 12, 1744; 
died February 17, 1824. William Holder married a 
second time, Margaret Clifton. Issue of first mar- 
riage. 

1. Margaret (Historian, collaborated with Dade 
in history of Holderness), b. April 30, 1767. 

2. John, b. Dec. 4, 1768; d. Aug. 2, 1772. 

3. Isabella, b. Dec. 21, 1770; d. June 2, 1772. 

4. John, 2d, b. Oct. 11, 1773; d. July 16, 1836 
(London). 

5. Jane, b. Sept. i, 1775; married Leonard 
Holmes. 

6. Ann, b. Mar. 13, 1777; d. ; married 

Perrett. 

7. Mary, b. Feb. 24, 1779. 

8. William, surgeon to Sir John Ross Arctic 
Expedition, b. May 27, 1781. Issue. 

(4.) John Holder, 2d (1773), married Catherine 
Barrett, lineal descendant of Lord Barrett, b. Mar. 
9, 1771; d. Jan. 6, 1838. Issue. 

I. John Barrett, b. April 29, 1803; d. Sept. 17, 
1863. 



314 Appendix 

2. William, b. Sept. i, 1805; d. Sept. 23, 1850. 

3. Catherine Barrett, b. Sept. 2, 1806; d. Feb. 22, 
1888. 

4. Charles Barrett, b. Sept. 15, 1808; d. July 20, 
1889. Issue. 

(i.) John Barrett Holder married first, Mary- 
Ann Martin, b. Aug. 16, 1803; d. Mar. 18, 1841. 
Second wife, Jane Holder (first cousin). Issue by 
first wife. 

1. John Martin, b. Hull, Eng.; Mar. 21, 1832; 
d. July 19, 1899. 

2. Charles Barrett, b. Hull, Eng., Aug. 31, 1833; 
d. April 12, 1891. 

3. Thomas Martin, b. Dec. 27, 1834; d. . 

4. George Martin, b. May 20, 1836; d. April i, 
1837. 

5. Sarah Elizabeth, b. May 18, 1838. Issue. 

(i.) John Martin Holder married Mary Ann 
Jeannette Hambler, 1854. (For biography see 
Brooklyn Citizen, July 20, 1899.) Issue. 

1. Mary Ann, b. Jan. 9, 1857. 

2. Laura Pemberton, b. June 15, 1861; married 
Simon Bastedo. Issue. Alfred Martin, b. July 3, 
1886. 

3. John Pemberton, b. Mar. 21, 1864; married 
Lilie Poss. 

4. Jeannette. 



Appendix 315 

5. William De Witt, b. July 26, 1871 ; married 
Lelia White Titcomb. 

6. Alfred Hombler, b. Aug. 31, 1882. 

(2.) Charles Barrett Holder (1883) married 
Mary Flynn. Issue. 

1. John; d. in infancy. 

2. Mary Frances, b. Sept. 15, 1865; d. Dec. 29, 
1898; married Francis Lefebure. 

Charles Barrett Holder married a second time 
Amelia Donovan, b. New York, Mar. 10, 1842; d. 
May 18, 1899. Issue. 

1. James Francis, b. Oct. 22, 1873; married An- 
gela M. Murphy. 

2. Charles Barrett Holder, b. July 24, 1875; mar- 
ried, 1898, Clare Rose Higgins. Issue. Daniel Vin- 
cent, b. April 5, 1899. 

(3.) Thomas Martin Holder (1834) married 
Hannah Flynn. Issue. 

1. John Martin. 

2. Thomas Martin (Rough Rider under Roose- 
velt, Spanish- American war). 

3. Charles Barrett. 

(4.) Sarah Elizabeth Holder (1838) married 
George Miller. Issue. 

1. Jennie. 

2. Florence. 

3. Em.ma; married Sherman Woolley. Issue, 
two children. 



3i6 Appendix 

4. Ruth; married Samuel Woolley. Issue, one 
daughter. 

John Barrett Holder (1803) married a second time, 
Jane Holder. Issue. 

1. Edward b. July 13, 1844; d. . 

2. William, b. Feb. 8, 1846; d. Aug. 12, 1888. 

3. ' Betsy Jane, b. Nov. 5, 1848. 

4. Henry, b. Aug. 11, 1851. 

5. George Frederick, b. Dec. 20, 1853; married 
; all born in Brooklyn, N. Y. Issue. 

(4.) Henry Holder married Caroline A. Wilkins, 
Quaker stock, Philadelphia, b. June 6, 1841. Issue. 

(i.) Henry, Jr., b. May 23, 1879; married Esther 
Violet Martin, b. Oct. 6, 1879. 

(3.) Catherine Barrett Holder (1806) married 



(4.) Charles Barrett Holder (1808) married 
Ruth Lazenby, b. Sept. 19. 1810; d. April 25, 1876. 
(For biography of Chas. B. Holder see Brooklyn 
Daily Eagle, July 21, 1889.) Pioneer stage-line 
owner in Brooklyn, N. Y. Came to America in 
1832; settled in Detroit as merchant and trader; 
settled in Brooklyn, 1842, corner Fulton and Wav- 
erly streets, and in this year established first stage 
line in the city by the old Bedford turnpike, run- 
ning from Bedford to the ferry via Wallabout. In 
later years it became the Brooklyn City Railroad 
Company. He was highly respected by the citizens 



Appendix 317 

of Brooklyn as a man of sterling worth and char- 
acter. Issue. 

1. John Barrett, of Brooklyn, b. Detroit, July 
II, 1834; d. Sept. 6, 1874. Organizer of first base- 
ball club in America. Famous athlete; member of 
old Atlantic. 

2. Emma Barrett, b. Feb. 22, 1835; married 

Downs. 

3. William Charles, b. Dec. 18, 1837; d. in in- 
fancy. 

4. Catherine Barrett, b. Mar. 20, 1840. 

5. Sarah Jane, b. Sept. — , 1842; married 

Davis. 

6. Ruth, b. Mar. 28, 1844; married Davis. 

7. Betsy, b. Mar. 24, 1848; married Hart Ester- 
brook. 

(4.) Catherine Barrett Holder (1840) married 
Clark Bloomer. Issue. 

1. Walter, b. ; married . 

2. Charles, b. ; married . 

3. Ruth. 

. 4. Maud, b. April 19, 1865; married Pabst; 

d. Nov. 19, 1900. Issue, two children. 

5. Kate, b. ; married Decker. 

6. Emma Barrett, b. Nov. 19, 1876; d. Oct. 6, 
1899. 

(7.)Mary Holder (1779) married Leonard Cow- 
ing, of Limonburn (Northumberland). Crest, 
(pigeon before a looking glass). Issue. 



3i8 Appendix 

1. Jane. 

2. William. 

3. Joseph Milburn. 

4. George. 

5. Robert. 

6. John. 

7. Elizabeth, b. Aug. 15, 1823. Issue. 

(i.) Jane Cowing married Theophilus Stephen- 
son. Issue. 

1. Mary. 

2. Milburn. 

3. John. 

4. Robert Thomas, antiquarian, b. Dec. 23, 1841; 
d. Dec. 27, 1891. Issue. 

(i.) Mary Stephenson married Smith. 

Issue. 

1. Annie. 

2. Fred. 

(4.) Robert Thomas Stephenson married Tom- 
asia P. Thorpe, Hull, Eng. Issue. 

1. Emma, b. Mar. 17, 1868. 

2. Edward Milburn, b. Sept. 20, 1869. 

3. Robert Theophilus, b. Mar. 26, 1871. 

4. Louisa, b. July 31, 1872; d. April 13, 1875. 

5. Jane Cowing, b. Mar. 15, 1874; married J. G. 
Hasselstrom. 

6. Mary, b. July 27, 1875 ; d. Dec. 3, 1883. 

7. Henry, b. May 5, 1877 ; d. June 14, 1880. 

8. Walter, b. Mar. 13, 1879; d. Nov. 22, 1883. 

9. Elizabeth, b. Mar. 9, 1881 ; d. Sept. 4, 1882. 
10. Frank, b. Mar. 1883; d. July 19, 1901. 



Appendix 319 

Issue of second marriage of William Holder 
(1736), with Margaret Clifton. 

(i.) Edward, b. May 24, 1784; d. Nov. 4, 1865. 

(2.) George Holder, b. July 19, 1792; d. . 

Issue. 

(i.) Edward married (1808) Jane Watson Selby, 
Eng. ; d. Nov. 2, 1858. Issue. 

1. Edwin, b. June 23, 1809; d. June 9, 1850. 

2. Emma, b. April 23, 181 1; d. April 30, 1877. 

3. Jane, b. Feb. 20, 1813; d. April 10, 1891 ; mar- 
ried John B. Holder, her first cousin. 

4. Betsy, b. Oct. 20, 1815; d. July 9. 1850. 

5. William, b. Jan. 3. 1817; d. April 17, 1887. 

6. John Watson, b. Mar. i, 1819; d. Jan. 26, 1890. 
Well-known philanthropist, of Hull, Eng. 

7. Angelica Wharrey, b. May 26, 1821; d. Aug. 
I, 1891. 

8. Harry Wharrey, b. April 30, 1824; d. Nov. 2. 
1880. 

9. Thomas, b. Oct. 31, 1826; d. Sept. 1829. 



PENNSYLVANIA HOLDERS. 

Daniel Holder (had several brothers who settled 
in California) supposed to be a Hollander, settled in 
Pennsylvania 18^; married . Issue. 

(i.) William Daniel, of Lebanon, Pa. 

(2.) John. 

(i.) William Daniel married Mary Jane Irvine. 
Issue. William Henry Holder, merchant, 314 Cedar 
avenue, Scranton, Pa. 



320 Appendix 

KANSAS CITY (MISSOURI) HOLDERS. 

The following names are found in the Kansas City 
Directory : 

John M. Holder, clerk. 

J. Davis Holder, Transfer Co. 

Lyman D. Holder, Insurance Co. 

Myrtle Holder. 

Woodsan W. Holder, teacher. 

In Los Angeles, Cal., lives Carl Holder. There are 
Holders in Kansas who came from North Carolina, 
possibly of the New Brunswick branch. 



CAMBRIDGESHIRE, ENGLAND, HOLDERS. 

Holder, of March, married . Issue. 

1. Thomas. 

2. John. 

3. (Miss) Holder. 

4. (Miss) Holder. 

William Holder, March, Cambridgeshire, b. 
18 — ; married Elizabeth Morris, of March. Issue. 

1. George. 

2. Charles; d. young. 

3. Sarah. 

4. Elizabeth; d. young. 

5. William Morris, b. 1839; came to Providence, 
R. I., in 1861. 



Appendix 321 

MAIDSTONE, ENGLAND, HOLDERS. 

Charles Holder, b. Nov. 29, 1791; d. Feb. 13, 1875; 
married Ann Patten Oct. 29, 1812. Latter b. April 
10, 1796; d. Aug. 28, 1856. Issue. 

I. John, b. Nov. 20, 1813; d. May 20, i860. 

Mary Ann, b. April 10, 1816; d. . 

Richard, b. Jan. 26, 1818; d. 1844. 

William, b. Dec. 8. 1820; d. . 

Eliza, b. Nov. 29, 1822; d. Oct. 23, 1863. 

Mercy, b. Feb. 18, 1825; d. April 27, 1861. 

Caroline, b. Aug. 16, 1827; d. . 

James, b. Dec. 15, 1829; d. Aug. 9, 1876. 

Charles Hawkes, b. July 6, 1832; d. May 2, 



9. 
1892. 

10. Sarah, b. Nov. 21, 1834; d. Jan. .20, 1861. 

11. Alfred, b. Aug. 7, 1838; d. . Issue. 

(2.) Mary Ann Holder married John Hawkes, 
1838. 



AMERICAN BRANCH. 

(9.) Charles Hawkes Holder came to New York 
in 1858; married Harriet Hall May 22, 1867. Issue. 

1. Suzanne, b. Feb. 22, 1867. 

2. Ann Patten, b. Jan. 16, 1869. 

3. Charles Adams, M.D., b. Nov. 2, 1872, Colo- 
rado Springs. 

4. Lemuel, b. Nov. 29, 1875, New York. 

5. Frederick, b. Oct. 12, 1877, New York. Issue. 



322 Appendix 

(i.) Suzanne Holder married Charles Schu- 
macher, Jr., New York, Nov., 1894. Issue. 

1. Charles, b. Nov. 3, 1896. 

2. Ann Patten married Daniel H. Burdett, Jr., 
New York, May, 1894. Issue. 

1. Frances, b. June, 1895. 

2. Donald, b. July, 1899. 

(3). Charles Adams Holder, M.D., Colorado 
Springs, married Lena Keyes, May, 1897. Issue. 

1. Frances Keyes, b. June, 1898. 

2. Harriet Hall, b. June, 1899. 

(5). Frederick Holder, New York, married Es- 
telle Wright, Jan., 1901. 



GERMAN HOLDERS. 

Jacob Holder, of Wittengen, Germany, married 
Mary Shans. Issue. 

I. Andrew Holder, of Baltimore. 

There are relatives of this branch in Wiirttemberg, 
Kollburg and Lunyingen. Among the well-known 
German Holders is Prof. Alfred Holder, of the 
University of Strassburg, Karlsruhe, Baden. There 
are German Holders in New York, among them 
Carl A. T. Holder. Many Germans named Holder- 
mann, Holderer, etc., changed the name to Holder 
on coming to America. There were Houlders in 
Boston in 1730. They soon dropped the "u", spell- 
ing the name Holder. 



Appendix 323 

HOLDERS OF LONDON. 

Charles Holder, of London. (Crest — dove, with 

olive branch.) Bern, ; married ; died 1859. 

Issue. 

1. Charles, b. London, 1816; d. 1875. (Peta- 
luma, Cal.) 

2. William, b. ; d. . 

3. Elizabeth, b. ; married . Bumford 

(London). 

Charles came to America in 1841 ; settled in New 
York; married Mary Nolan, of Dublin. He died 
in Oakland, Cal., 1873. Issue. 

I. Owen. 

Charles married a second time, Mary Walsh, of 
Ireland. Issue. 

1. Emma, of Washington, D. C. 

2. Joseph, Portland, Ore. 

3. Charles, Decatur, Ga. 

4. Frances Catherine. Issue. 

Frances Catherine Holder married S. C. Brown, 
of National Museum, Washington, D. C. 



WELSH HOLDERS. 

Charles Holder, of England, b. , 1810; d. , 

1875; settled in Monmershire, Blackwood, Wales, 
in 18 — . He married Esther Thomas. They came 
to America in 1843. Issue. 

I. Sarah. 



324 Appendix 

2. Elizabeth. 

3. Mathew. 

4. John. 

5. Charles. 

6. Elias. 

Elizabeth married S. C. Pollard, of Bon Air, 
Chesterfield Co., Va. 

Charles married a second time. Issue. 

1. Samuel. 

2. Jefferson, 

3. Martha. 



CANADIAN HOLDERS. 

William Holder, b. 17 — , Germany; married . 

Issue. 

I. John, b. ; married ; d. . Issue. 

Martin Luther, b. 1822, in Germany; d. Feb. 12, 
1885. Came to Canada young; settled in Black 
Creek; married Margaret . Issue. 

1. Elias, b. , Welland, Ontario. 

2. Martha Jane, b. 1859; d. 1878; unmarried. 

3. John Garrett, b. May 3, 1869; d. April 3, 1901. 

4. Titus, b. 1866; d. Nov. 10, 1889. 

5. Bertha. 

6. Amy A., b. 1863. 

7. William, Buffalo, N. Y., bom at Cook's Mills, 
Canada. Issue. 

(3.) John Garrett Holder, of Port Colborn; 
married Mary . 



Appendix 325 

(5.) Bertha Holder married I. T. McNamee, of 
Montreal. 

(6.) Amy Augusta Holder married Anson Green, 
Jan. 9, 1879. Issue. 

1. Alem E. 

2. Edward T. 

3. Frank H. 

4. Alice E. 

5. Bertha Margaret. 

6. Ray. 

7. Gordon. Issue. 

(4.) Alice married Norman Sherk, June 8, 1899. 



LIST OF WORKS BY AUTHORS OF THE NAME OF 

HOLDER IN THE LIBRARY OF THE 

BRITISH MUSEUM. 

Holder (Alfred). Dat Lyden ende die Passie 

ons Heren Jhesu Christi 1868 

— ( ) . Herodoti Historise 1883 

( ). and Keller (Otto). Scholia 

Antiqua in Q. Hortalum Flaccum. . . 1894 
' ( ). Germanischer Biicher- 

schatz 1882-84 

( ). Alterltischer Sprachschatz. . 1891 

Holder (Phebe). Volumes of Poems 1900 

Holder (Anthony). A Discovery of Two Un- 
clean Spirits 1657 

Holder (Christopher). Declaration of Faith 

(Quaker) 1657 



326 Appendix 

Holder (Christopher). "Reply to Attacks of 

Morton" 1657 

Holder (August). Geschichte des Schwabi- 

schen 1896 

Holder (C. B.). Memoirs of the Rev. W. 

Chapman 1851 

Holder (Rachael Bassett). Poems 1885 

Holder (Joseph Bassett, N. Y.). Fauna Ameri- 
cana, etc 1875 

Holder (Charles Frederick). The Ivory King. 1886 

( ) . Living Lights 1887 

For other works of this author see pages 232, 233 

( ). All about Pasadena and its 

Vicinity, Climate, etc 1889 

( ). Charles Darwin, his Life and 

Works) 1891 

( ). Louis Agassiz, his Life and 

Works 1891 

Holder (Edwin). Monograph on Dyes and 

Dyeing in the Madras Presidency. . 1896 

Holder (Ernest) . Poems 1890 

Holder (Henry Evans). A Brief . . . An- 
swer to the Philosophy of Masons. . 1791 
Holder (Henry Evans). Discourses on Vari- 
ous Subjects Delivered in the Island 
of Barbadoes i79i 

( ). Dissertatio medico inaug- 

uralis de actione erysipelatosa, etc.. . 1816 

( ). Fragments of a Poem 1792 

( ). A Sermon 1792 



Appendix 327 

( ). A Short Essay on Negro 

Slavery 1758 

( ). A System of French Syntax. 1783 

( ). A System of French Acci- 

dence and Syntax 

( ). Enchiridion Ecclesiasticum. . 1793 

Holder (H. W.)- The Scarborough Bouquet 

of Rhymes i860 

Holder (John). Poems and Other Pieces 1818 

Holder (William) D.D. A Discourse Concern- 
ing Time 1694 

( ). Elements of Speech 1699 

( ). Introductio ad Chronologiam 

( ). A Treatise on the Natural 

Grounds and Principles of Harmony 1694 
Holder (Wilhelm), of Stuttgart. Admonitio de 
T. B. Asinus avis, hoc est Metamor- 
phosis 1587 

Holder (Wilhelm), of Stuttgart. Bericht von 

' dem iiberkunstreichen Buch 1589 

( ). Bericht welcher massen Papst 

Sixt 1588 

( ). Cuculus Caluinisticus 1585 

( ). Mus exentaratus 1593 

Holder (William), M.D. De I'ongle incarne. . 1856 

( ). Cremation versus Burial 1891 

Holder (W. F.). Our Pastoral Industry 1892 

(From So. Australian Register.) 
Holder (Chas. F.) Life of Christopher Holder 

and Holder Genealogy 1902 

22 



INDEX 

Page 

Agassiz, Louis 22"] 

Aldrich, Rachael 225 

Algonquin Indians 56 

Allen 63 

American Museum 229 

Aneke, Jans 263 

Angouleme, Duke of 201 

Antinomian 163 

Austin, Anne 25 

Banks, Gen. N. P 207 

Barbadoes 22, 129 

Barclay, Robert 81 

Barnstable County 64 

Bassett Arms 202 

" Anne 202 

" Ephraim 253 

" Hannah 200 

" Rachael 200 

Ruth 200 

Beck's History 53 

Bellingham 2^ 

Belyea, Lucretia 262 

Berlin, Mass 203 

Bickmore, Prof. A. S 229 

Bigelow's Mill 212 

Bishop's History 104 

Bolton 216 



2f30 Index 

Page 

Bowden's History 83 

Breed, Jabez 199 

" Mary 199 

" Moses 202 

" Nathan 199 

" Nathan 3d 200 

Cambridge loi 

Capron, Effingham 250 

Carlyle, Thomas 82 

Caton's Manuscripts 24 

Charleston loi 

Chase, Nathan D 245 

Chickering. Col. Thomas 207 

Christopher's Hollow 68, 70 

Clark, Mary 42 

Clifton Arms 178 

Hope 154,158,177 

Thomas 177 

Coffin, Allen 197 

Cotton, John 80 

Constable, Sir John 178 

Copeland, John 63, 88, 113, 121, 146 

Cowland, AHce 155 

Cromwell, Oliver 81 

Cudworth, Magistrate 129 

Cuttyhunk Island i77 

Daniell, Elizabeth 191, 192 

Davis, Arabella 216 

Dedham loi 

Doudney, Richard 42 



Index 331 

Page 

Dow, Greely 221 

Dryden, Sir Erasmus 137 

Dry Tortugas 228 

Dunstanville, Baron de 202 

Duxbury loi 

Dyer, Mary 130, 157 

Endicott, Sir John 27 

" anti-Quaker laws 29 

" bigotry of 27 

" cruelty of 1 19, 120 

'* ear-cutting law 123 

" hangs Quakers 157 

" Inquisition 150 

" tongue-boring law 121 

Ensign, Norton's 102 

Essex Institute 103 

Ewer 66 

Fell, Margaret 24 

First Church 103 

Fisher, Mary 25 

Fiske, John 85 

Flamboro Head 4 

Fowler, Robert 4<3 

log of 52 

Fox Hall 214, 215 

Fox, George 19, 52, 129, 163, 169, 171, 180 

Friends 67, 88, 215 

" donations to 215 

Garrison, W. Lloyd 250 

Gaskill, Sarah 203 



332 Index 

Page 

Golding, Rodger I79 

Gould, Daniel I55 

Gove, Emily A 230 

Edward 230 

Granville 201 

Hodgson, Robert 42 

Holderness 178 

Horsford, Eben N 188 

Howe, Emily H 64 

Hoxie 66 

Hudson 221 

Hussey, George i97 

Holder, Aaron L 224, 290 

" Abagail 276 

Abby M 298 

Abraham B 306 

Agnes 298 

Alice J 303 

Amy A. G 325 

Amy B 292 

Amy L 303 

Andrew, N. D 304 

Anna F 281 

Anna M 283 

" Anne 274 

Annie B 292 

Anthony 265 

Archie B 291 

Bertha L 302 

Betsy 296 



Index 333 

Page 

Holder, Caroline E 283 

" " H 221,299 

C. J. Hon 221 

" Charles 264, 323 

A 278 

" " Adams 321 

" M.D 264 

" B 316 

Barrett 314,315,316 

E 286 

" " Frederick 231 

" " Hawkes 265,321 

" " Vernon . , 291 

W 290,292 

" Christopher 1-327 

Jr 191,275 

" Content 274 

Deborah D 283 

Daniel, 
192, 194-198, 224, 2^6, 276, 280, 291, 296, 297 

" Daniel Curtis 238 

S 298 

" David 204 

" " Greene 278 

" I 285 

" Desire 297 

E. J 262 

" Ebenezer 200 

R 288 

Edith 298 



334 Index 

Page 

Holder, Edith 1 288 

" M 292 

" Edward S 278 

" Edwin Jacob 307 

Effie L 279 

** Elizabeth 8,272,290 

" Elsie E 288 

" Emily 291 

" E 294 

" A 230 

" L 286 

** Emma 299, 323 

" Ernest M 303 

Everett T 303 

Elizabeth 8 

F. W 263 

" Frances A 298 

" Francis T 203-285 

Frank P 304 

Frederick C 284, 285 

" Frederic B 298 

" Frederick 321 

*' George F , 285 

" George 271 

" George W 284 

H. A 262 

" Henry R 221 

" Hannah 197, 200, 275, 276 

" '' Greene 278 

" Harry 291 



Index 335 

Page 

Holder, Harriet E 221,299 

Healey L 303 

Helen Z 302 

Henry A 301 

B. 280 

" Evans 267 

R 288 

T 288 

Herbert A 308 

Herman S 288 

Hope 274 

Hortense N 285 

Howard S 304 

Irving C 279 

Isaac B 284 

J. B 266 

Jacob 262, 305 

J. F 313 

James 226 

" G 295 

*' Lucas 278 

" W 291 

Jane 296 

Jessie M 291, 301 

Joane 265 

John 192, 267, 274, 277 

John Barrett 313, 317 

" H 288 

" M 314 

Sir John Charles 265 



336 



Index 



Page 

Holder, Major John 219 

Josiah B 278 

Joseph 276 

Bassett 4, 226, 231 

Julia 291 

Lambert B 286 

" Langdon H 299 

Lee E 279 

Leila W 295 

" Lemuel 321 

Leonard B 307 

Leslie E 288 

Levi H 286 

Lillian 304 

" Lucy Greene 278 

Lunette E 284 

Lydia 287 

'' B 278 

Lyman D 286 

" Marion 308 

G 288 

" Margaret 6 

Maria 285 

Martin Luther 324 

" Mary 226,272,293,296 

A. M 299 

E 292, 301 

Emily 298 

Evelyn 298 

G 281 



Index 337 

Page 

Holder, Mary H 286 

Maurice E 279 

Meltiah 267 

Mildred 288 

Minnie M 288 

Miriam A 200 

Nancy 296 

Nathan B 278 

Nathaniel 234,296,297 

D 304 

Jr 299,304 

Oscar H 298 

Patience 274 

Perley 288 

Phebe 219,276 

« " A 286 

PhillipE 308 

Rachael 224 

B 283 

« " S 281 

Ralph 304 

" Clifton 279 

Raymond Le B 307 

Richard 224, 276 

H 195,290 

" " V 292 

Roscoe W ....278,279 

Ruth 308 

" Mildred 292 

Sadie A 279 



338 



Holder. S 



Index 

Page 

amuel H 286 

Sally 296, 297 

Sarah 226, 276, 278, 292, 293 

" A 292 

" Elizabeth 233 



G. 



" S 299 

Surray Le B 310 

Susan M 287 

Susannah 15, 297 

Theodate 275, 276 

2d 276 

Theodora P 299 

Thomas 203, 219, 275 

F 280 

Vernon M 291 

Walter 263 

" E 279 

S 302 

" Stanley 279 

W. C 221 

Warren D 291 

Wilfred E 288 

William 5, 11,264,271,313 



B. 

D. 

H. 

I. 

L. 



31a 
319 
319 
291 
301 



Morris 265 



Index 339 

Pack 

Holder, William Penn 102, 128, 284 

" P 28s 

Zulette 299 

Antiquity of 3 

Arms of 9,266 

Definition of 3 

Hussey, George 197 

Indians 39 

Lancaster 221 

Leddra, W 131 

Linset 256 

Locke, Jackson 221 

" Robert 22, 29 

Lodge, Henry C 84 

Long Reach 262 

Lummus, Dr 247 

Lutheran 83 

Lynn loi, 154, 227 

Marbury, Rev. F 137 

Martha's Vineyard 55 

Mayhew, Rev 57 

Messenger, The King's 168 

Morgan, Hannah D 234 

Nantucket 195 

New Brunswick 262 

Newhall, Dr. Barker 177 

Newland, W 77 

Nichols, Rachael B 246 

Norton, Humphrey 42 



340 Index 

Pack 

Norton, Rev. John 29, 149 

Oliver, Captain 147 

" Henry 199 

Olveston 178 

Paige, Amy 202 

Ella 202 

Pasadena, Cal 213 

Patience, Isle of 173 

Peene, Mrs. John Garrison 211,214,215 

Perigord, Duke of 201 

Phelps, Hannah 155 

Plymouth 33 

Pompey, Prince I97 

Poulson 6 

Provost, Andrew J 234 

Bishop 234 

Puritans 39 

Quaker 22 

Rawson, Edward 30 

Rogers, Judge Horatio 136 

Robinson, William 42 

Rous, John 130, 146 

Sabine Crossroads 207 

Salem loi 

Scott, Mary 176 

Patience 152 

" Richard 176 

Sewell's History 60 

Shattuck, Samuel 107 

Shelter Island 185 



Index 341 

Page 

Slocum, Holder 177 

Peleg 177 

Southwick, Cassandra 102, 126 

" Lawrence lOi 

"Speedwell" 22, 25 

Spring Hill 64 

Stephenson, M 153 

Thurston, Thomas 23 

Tower of London 231 

Trask, Mary 155 

Upshal, N 155 

Uxbridge 241 

Waugh, Dorothy 23, 41 

Weatherhead, Mary 2^ 

Whittier, John Greenleaf 102, 104, 128, 168 

Willard, Cato 258 

Willoughby, Lake 214 

Wilson, Rev. John 149, 156 

"Woodhouse" 42 

" log of 44 



INDEX OF NAMES OTHER THAN 
HOLDER IN THE GENEALOGY 



Page 

Adams, Amos S 300 

" Chas. Augustus 299 

Aldrich, Leander 294 

Ames, Emeline 308 

Barrett, Charles 314 

Bassett, Rachael 293 

Ruth 293 

Battey, Mary Jane 279 

Bean, Alice Edna 282 

" Edward H 282 

" Elma L 282 

" Ena R 282 

" James R 282 

" Mary Anna 282 

Bennett, Daniel F 303 

Bigelow, Chas 286 

Blake, Lucy 298 

Bolton, Melissa V 280 

Bouden, Samuel 296 

Bowen, Ida Webber 291 

Bowles, Helen A 301 

Boyd, Clara H 302 

Breed, Aaron Lummus 290 

" Desire 289 

" Eunice 289 

Hannah Estes 289 

23 



344 Index of Names other than Holder 

Pack 

Breed, Henry 300 

" Isaiah 289 

" Jabez 289 

Judith 277 

Bruce, Emily 281 

" Willard G 283 

Buffington, Ruth 280 

Burdette, Daniel H., Jr 322 

Caswell, Mark 290 

Chase, Onslow E 280 

Clark, Ida E 280 

Clifton, Eleanor , 274 

" Mary 274 

Codding, Jessie P 292 

Constable, Ralph 274 

" Sir John 274 

Cooledge, Silas 277 

Crosby, Elmira A 288 

Daniell, Elizabeth 275 

Davis, Arabella P 285 

Dillingham, Deborah 283 

Dodson, Gertrude F 292 

Dow, Alfred 281 

Ella A 304 

" George Edward 281 

" Greeley 281 

" James G 281 

" Sarah Holder 281 

" William H 281 

Dryden, the poet 272 



Index of Names other than Holder 345 

Page 

Dryden, Sir Erasmus 272 

Duke, Joseph P 312 

Eason, Peter 272 

Fosgate, Lucy 287 

French, Jessie 295 

Fry, Chas. Allen 282 

" Rachael 281 

Gaskill, Sarah 276 

Gordon, Isabel K 295 

" Nicholas 295 

Ruth 295 

Gove, Emily A , 293 

Green, Anson 325 

Bertha H 325 

Greene, Mary 277 

Haines, Sarah M 279 

Hapgood, Laura 277 

Lewis J 280 

Harriman, Emily E 285 

Harley, Aaron 282 

Anna B 282 

Arthur G 282 

Herbert F 282 

Sherman E 282 

Hawkes, John 321 

Henderson, Angelina 3<^ 

Houghton, Sarah F 290 

Howe, Austin B 286 

Oscar F 298 

Hubbard, Andrew D 287 



346 Index of Names other than Holder 

Page 

Hutchins, Harriet 285 

Jackson, Ella M 303 

Jameson, Holder M 302 

" John Alex 302 

Jones, Lillian A 304 

Keyes, Lena 322 

Kidder, Andrew J 301 

Lazenby, Ruth 316 

Locke, Jackson 304 

Luscomb, Huldah 290 

Madden, Rose 294 

McComb, James Addison 294 

Morgan, Andrew S 299 

Hannah D 299 

Morris, Mary Mandliff 297 

Morrison, Willard N 303 

Nason, Minnie L 282 

Nichols, Thomas B 284 

Noxon, Edgar C 287 

Nutter, Anna S Z^2> 

Osborn, Maggie L 278 

Parrett, Hannah 307, 309 

Payson, Albert S 279 

Peabody, W. H 302 

Pitt, David L 308 

Pollard, S. C 324 

Rappelle, Capt 296 

Reed, Nellie F 281 

Rice, Louisa M 286 

Rich, James 276 



Index of Names other than Holder 347 

Page 

Ridenour, Mrs. Samuel 296 

Robinson, Julia A 280 

Ross, Sir John 313 

Russell, Caroline A 287 

" Col. Ebenezer 287 

Sage, Mrs. Russell 273 

Saltonstall, Kate 291 

Sanborn, Minnie 282 

Scott, John, Earl of Eldon 272 

" Mary 272 

" Sir Walter 272 

Selman, Joseph 297 

Seymour, Ortwyn R 289 

Shattuck, Sarah Ann 279 

Shedd, Helen 301 

Sherk, Norman 325 

Sickal, Harold 282 

" Margherita 282 

" Marcus T 282 

Slocum, Giles 273 

John 273 

Joseph 273 

J - 273 

" Margaret Olivia 273 

" Miles Standish 273 

Peleg 273 

" Sylvester 273 

W. B 273 

Smith, Alexander 283 

Smithhurst 296 



34^ Index of Names other than Holder 

Page 

Southwick, Hannah S 284 

Stephenson, Robert T 318 

Stewart, Agnes 298 

F. C 291 

Styles, Desire 296 

Tarbox 290 

Taylor, Francis L 289 

Thorne, Wilson H 304 

Ufford, Sarah E 293 

Vining, John Quincy 279 

" Mary A 279 

Washburn, J. F 284 

Washburn, Mary Carr 279 

Washburne, Frank L 295 

Welch, Alice May 303 

Wheeler, Lois 284 

" Samuel H 280 

Whitcomb, Amasa A 280 

White, Henry K 282 

Williams, John D 288 

Wills, Mabel 282 

Winslow, Alice 1 304 

Woodruff, Agnes L 298 

Workman, Fanny M 288 

Wren, Dr. Christopher 271 

" Sir " 271 

Susannah 271 



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